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人教版高中英语选修八（Book 8 Unit 5)2020-01-05 06:35·和19760419Unit 5 Meeting your ancestors4月4号是清明节,为了缅怀先烈,激励学生们的爱国和学习热情,学校组织学生去烈士陵园扫墓扫墓活动包括:1.7:30在学校大门口集合;2.每人准备一朵小白花;3.清扫烈士墓;4.向烈士默哀;5.在烈士墓前宣誓:缅怀先烈,努力学习,振兴中华请根据汉语提示写一篇英语日记参考词汇:烈士martyr; 墓cemeteryMonday, April 4, 2017 SunnyTomb-sweeping Day falls on April 4, 2017. Our school organized an activity where the students went to clean the martyr cemetery in memory of the revolutionary martyrs and it could inspire us to love our motherland and stimulate our passion for learning. At 7:30 am, we got together at the school gate and we went there by bus. On arrival at the cemetery, we cleaned the graves and dedicated the little white flowers to the martyrs. After cleaning we stood silently to remember them and swore that we would never forget our heroes and would work hard to make our nation stronger. At last, we took photos together. What a meaningful day we spent!1.文章体裁:应用文——日记2.行文逻辑:日记的时间及天气情况→日记的内容→活动的意义或感想3.词汇短语:运用了较高级的词汇和短语如:in memory of(纪念……),inspire sb to do sth(激励某人做某事)等4.句式句法:运用了多样化的句式结构如:①定语从句:where the students went to clean the martyr cemetery in memory of the revolutionary martyrs;②动词不定式作目的状语:to remember them;③宾语从句:that we would never forget our heroes;④感叹句:What a meaningful day we spent!等Ⅰ.单词荟萃1. alternative n.可能的选择 adj.供选择的;其他的2.spit vt.(spat,spat;spit,spit) 吐出(唾液、食物等) vi.吐痰3. receptionist n.接待员;招待员4.identify vt.确认;识别;鉴别→identification n.辨认;鉴定5.starvation n.挨饿;饿死→starve vi.挨饿;饿死6.accuracy n.精确;准确→accurate adj.精确的→inaccurate adj.不准确的7.messy adj.凌乱的;脏的→mess n.凌乱;脏8. interrupt v.打断……讲话;打岔;暂时中断或中止→interruption n.中断;干扰9.assume vt.假定;设想→assumption n. 假定;设想10.sharpen vi.& vt.(使)锋利;尖锐;清晰→sharpener n.磨具;削具→sharp adj.锋利的11.botany n. 植物学→botanical adj. 植物学的;与植物学有关的12.analysis n.(pl. analyses)分析→analyse vt.分析→analyst n.分析者;化验员13.significance n.意义;意思;重要性;重要意义→significant adj.重大的;意义重大的→significantly adv.意义深远地;明显地14. systematic adj.有系统的;有计划的;有条理的→system n.系统15.radioactive adj. 放射性的;有辐射的→radioactivity n. 放射性16.division n.分割;划分;分配;分界线→divide v.分割;划分;分配17.applaud vi.& vt.鼓掌欢迎;赞赏→applause n.鼓掌欢迎;欢呼18.accelerate vi.& vt.加速;促进→acceleration n.加速度19.gay adj. 快乐的;欢快的→gaily adv. 快乐地;轻松地20.skill n.技能,技巧→skilful adj.有技巧的;熟练的 (<美>skillful)→skilfully adv. 巧妙地;精巧地Ⅱ.短语检测1.have no alternative but to do 别无选择,只好……2.regardless of 不管;不顾3.cut up 切碎4.keep out 关在门外;不准入内5.at most 至多;最多6.date back to 追溯到;始于7.due to 由于;因为8.on behalf of 代表9.take turns to do sth. 轮流做某事10.be fed up with 受够了;饱受;厌烦11..if only 要是……就好了12.look ahead 向前看;为将来打算13.now and then 时而;不时地14.be of great significance 意义重大Ⅲ.佳句再现1. might have done表示对过去事情的推测,意为"有可能"We have been excavating layers of ash almost six metres thick, which suggests that they _________________(可能整个冬季都在烧火).2.as 引导非限制性定语从句,指代主句的内容,意为"正如;正像"Yes, indeed, _________________the botanical analyses _________________(正如……已经向我们展示的那样), all the fields around here used to be part of a large shallow lake.3.if only 常引导虚拟语气的条件句或感叹句,表示"要是……就好了"_________________ (要是她早有预见) and planned better this year!4."had+过去分词…when…"表示"刚刚……这时……"She _________________(就要到达) her destination _________________(这时) a delicious smell arrested her progress and she stopped.5.only to do表示意想不到的或令人失望的结果,意思是"结果却……"Abruptly she sat down, _________________(结果却被……搂了起来) by her laughing, shouting sister, Luna.答案：1.might have kept the fire burning all winter 2.as;have shown us3. If only she had looked ahead 4. had almost reached; when 5.only to be scooped up【巧学助记】构词法记忆 ?几种常见的合成词①合成名词:typewriter打字机;waiting room 候车室; pickpocket扒手; breakthrough突破②合成动词:water-cool用水冷却;quick-charge快速充电;update更新;③合成形容词:new-born新出生的;ten-year-old十岁大的;one-sided 片面的;peace-loving热爱和平的规律记忆 ?"动词+up with"型短语①be fed up with… 厌腻②be filled up with 充满③come up with… 提出④put up with… 忍受⑤keep/catch up with… 跟上⑥end up with… 结束⑦split up with… 与……分手(断交)单词点睛●1 alternative n.(either of two or more possibilities)可供选择的事物;(两者或以上)可能的选择 adj. 供选择的; 二选一的(1)have no alternative but to do sth.=have no choice but to do sth.=do nothing but do… 只能做某事;除……之外别无选择(2)alternative energy 替代能源;新能源alternative method 替代的方法(3)alternatively adv. 可供选择地【活学活用】(1)The more alternatives, the more difficult the choice.选择越多,越难抉择(2)The manager said that they had an alternative plan if the plan they had submitted was not accepted.经理说如果他们递交的计划不被接受,他们还有另外一个可供选择的计划(3)When winter comes, cold-blooded animals ________________to lie down and sleep.冬天到来时,冷血动物别无选择只能躺下冬眠(4)语法填空①We could take the train or ________________(alternative) go by car.②I have given the matter much thought, examining all the possible ________________(alternative).③We have no alternative but ________________(sell) our house to pay the debt.④My grandmother didn't do anything but________________(keep) house and serve everybody.(5)一句多译①Finding himself under fire from all quarters, he ________________his scheme for the time being. (alternative)②Finding himself under fire from all quarters, he ________________his scheme for the time being. (do nothing but)在四面楚歌的情况下,他没有别的办法,只好暂时放弃他的计划答案：(3)have no alternative but (4)①alternatively ②alternatives ③to sell ④keep(5)①had no alternative but to abandon ②did nothing but abandon●2 interrupt vt.(to break in on an action or discourse) 打断,中断;阻碍;打岔;插嘴(1)interrupt (sb./sth.) (with sth.) (因某事)打断(某人/某事)(2)interrupted adj. 中断的(3)interruption n. 打扰;打岔without interruption 连续地;不断地【活学活用】(1)Hardly had he begun to speak when the audience interrupted him.他刚开始演讲,听众就打断了他(2)It is not polite to interrupt a speaker with frequent questions.不断提问打断演讲者是不礼貌的(3)Let's go somewhere where we can talk without interruption (=without ________________).我们去找个说话不受打扰的地方吧(4)语法填空①Sorry for the ________________(interrupt) but I'd like to remind you it's time for the meeting.②The match took nearly three hours and ________________(interrupt) at times by rain.③The speaker went on talking, though continually ________________(interrupt) by listeners.答案： (3)being interrupted (4)①interruption ②was interrupted ③interrupted●3 assume vt.(to take sth. for granted; accept sth. without proof)假设;设想(1)assume sb./sth. to be 假定/假设某人/某事为It is assumed that… 认为……(2)assumption n. 假定;假设make an assumption=assume 认为;假定on the assumption that 假定(3)assuming that… 假设/假定……[温馨提示] assuming that是一种悬垂分词,表示"如果,假定",引导条件状语从句类似用法的词还有:supposing(=supposed),providing(=provided),given,considering等如:Assuming (that) it rains this afternoon, what shall we do?假如今天下午下雨,我们将做什么?【活学活用】(1)Even a fool can assume. The point is to understand.连傻瓜都会假设重点是得理解(2)We assumed him to be the best writer of our time.我们认为他是这个时代最好的作家(3)It is generally assumed that stress is caused by too much work. 普遍认为,紧张是工作过多所致(4)语法填空①His ________________(assume) that it was a gas explosion proved to be wrong.②She had allowed him to live beneath her roof, ___________(assume) that he was a man of honour.(5)一句多译①They rented the old house________________the landlord would repaint it before they moved in.(assumption n.)②They rented the old house________________the landlord would repaint it before they moved in. (assume v.)他们租了那个旧房子,以为在搬进来之前房东会重新粉刷答案： (4)①assumption ②assuming (5)①on the assumption that ②assuming that●4 significance n.意义;意思;重要性;重要意义(1)be of great significance to对……有重要性;意义重大be of no/little significance 没有意义/意义不大(2)significant adj. 重要的;有重要意义的be significant for 对……是重要的【活学活用】(1)This new discovery of oil is of great significance to this area's economy.这次新发现的石油对这个地区的经济有着重大的意义(2)Your success today may be significant for your whole future.你今天的成功对你的整个未来来说可能是重要的(3)语法填空①The Internet is a wonderful discovery, which I think is _______great significance to people's lives.②The police said there had been a ________________(significance) development in the case.答案：(3)①of ②significant●5 arrest v.& n.(seize in the name of the law and usually put in prison or catch one's attention)逮捕,拘留;吸引(注意)(1)arrest sb. for 因……而逮捕某人get arrested 遭逮捕arrest one's attention 引起注意(2)under arrest 被捕make an arrest 进行拘捕【活学活用】(1)He was arrested for fighting in the street, but the police have decided not to bring charges.他因在街上斗殴而被捕,但警察决定不起诉(2)The beautiful sunset arrested our attention,and we couldn't help stopping to watch it.美丽的日落吸引了我们的注意力,我们忍不住停下来观看(3)They put him ____________and took him to the police station, where they charged him with stealing a car.他们逮捕了他,把他带到了警察局,指控他盗窃汽车(4)语法填空①This is the second time she has been put________________arrest in less than a week.②He had just begun to eat with great appetite when his attention ________________(arrest) by a sudden footstep on the stairs.③They will have you________________(arrest) if you don't pay taxes, because it is everyone's duty to pay taxes.④He disguised himself as a young beautiful lady on purpose just to avoid ________________(arrest) by the police.(5)一句多译①________________, he was likely to betray everything to the police.(状语从句)②________________, he was likely to betray everything to the police.(省略)一旦他被捕,他很可能把一切都告诉警察答案： (3)under arrest (4)①under ②was arrested ③arrested ④being arrested(5)①Once he was arrested ②Once arrested短语储存●1 cut up 切碎;使伤心; 严厉批评cut off 切断;剪掉;阻碍,阻挡cut down 砍伐;削减cut in 打断cut out 剪去;删去;略去cut away 切掉cut across 走近路【活学活用】(1)—Tony, why are your eyes red?—I have been cutting up peppers for the last five minutes."托尼,为什么你的眼睛发红?""我在过去的五分钟内一直在剁辣椒"(切碎)(2)The film was severely cut up by many reviewers.这部电影受到许多评论者的严厉批评(抨击)(3)用cut相关短语的适当形式填空①He was badly ________________when his girlfriend gave him back his ring.②We were ________________by the tide and had to be rescued by a boat.③In order not to be late, she ________________the field.④Don't try to ________________while others are talking.⑤The coal industry was ________________to half of its former size.答案：(3)①cut up ②cut off ③cut across ④cut in ⑤cut down●2 look ahead 向前看;为将来打算look out 留神;注意look into 调查look up 查找;形势好转;看望look through 仔细查阅look after 照顾,照看【活学活用】(1)Look ahead in the distance, and you can see the lights of the village. 你往远处看,便可以看见村庄里的灯光(2)We are trying to look ahead and see what our options are. 我们努力着眼于未来,看看我们将来的选择是什么(3)If only I ________________a few days ago!Then I wouldn't have been feeling so worried now.要是我前几天能预见到现在该多好啊!那样我就不会像现在这样担心了(4)用look相关短语的适当形式填空①The government has set up a working party to ________________the problem of drug abuse.②She has ________________her elder parents for many years.③Please ________________your desk and see if my English dictionary is there.④Tell the children to ________________when they cross the main street.⑤The weather is ________________, so we can go for a picnic this Sunday.答案: (3)had looked ahead (4)①look into ②looked after ③look through ④look out ⑤looking up●3 date back to=date from 追溯到……out of date 过时的,陈旧的up to date 现代的;最新的;时髦的;新式的make a date with 与……预约/约会[温馨提示] date back to一般无进行时态,也无被动语态【活学活用】(1)This is a historic building that dates back to the 17th century.这是一座有历史意义的建筑,可追溯到17世纪(2)The temple has a long history ________________the early period of the Tang Dynasty.这座寺庙历史悠久,可追溯到初唐时期(3)用date相关短语的适当形式填空①The car is a beauty and quite________________.②The traditional friendship between our two peoples ________________ancient days.③Much of the information in that book is now ________________.④I've________________Harold for next Sunday.Will you be able to come to the meeting?答案：(2)dating back to/which dates back to (3)①up to date ②dates back to/dates from ③out of date ④made a date with●4 be fed up with 受够了;饱受;厌烦be bored with 对……厌烦be content/satisfied with 对……满意be delighted/pleased with 对……感到高兴【活学活用】(1)The old couple is never fed up with going to the same park every day. 这对老夫妻每天都去同一个公园,从不腻烦(2)People get fed up with anyone who talks big in the office all the time.人们对那些总爱在办公室吹牛的人反感透了(3)I am fed up with (= ________________) this weather;it's time we had some sunshine.我对这种天气极其厌倦,该出太阳了(4)语法填空①I resigned from the company because I was fed up ____________my boss's constant complaints.②Everybody knows that pandas feed ________________bamboo leaves.③The cattle were fed ________________grass by the farmer.④________________(feed) up with his lies,she won't believe in him any longer.(5)一句多译①David ________________in London, so he asked for a transfer to the Paris office. (并列句)②________________ in London, David asked for a transfer to the Paris office. (分词作状语)戴维厌烦了在伦敦的工作,所以他请求转到巴黎的办公室答案：(3)am bored with/tired of (4)①with ②on ③with ④Fed (5)①was fed up with his job ②Fed up with his job句型透视●1 If only she had looked ahead and planned better this year!要是她早有预见,今年计划得更好些就好了!句型公式if only 要是……就好了【句式点拨】if only…在此引导虚拟语气,意为"要是……就好了"(1)"if only…could/would/might do…"表示对将来事情的愿望(不用should)(2)"if only…did…"表示与现在事实相反的愿望(3)"if only…had done…"表示与过去事实相反的愿望【易混辨析】if only与only ifif only 用来表达愿望,意为"但愿……;要是……就好了",句中谓语动词要用虚拟语气only if 由副词only和从属连词if组合而成,only仅起强调作用,意为"只要";"only+if状语"位于句首时,引起主句部分倒装【活学活用】(1)I had no information about my son. If only I hadn't said those tough words to him.我没有我儿子的消息要是我没对他说那些严厉的话就好了(2)If only the whole family could be united during the Spring Festival!春节全家能团圆就好了!(3)If only you ________________! The traffic accident could have been avoided.你要是更小心一点儿就好了这场交通事故本来是可以避免的(4)语法填空①Only if a teacher has given permission______________ (be) a student allowed to enter this room.②Only if I get a job________________I have enough money to go to school.③Look at the trouble I am in! If only I ________________(follow) your advice.④If only he ________________(arrive) in time,he would not have been punished.⑤If only I ________________(have) more money! I could buy some new clothes.答案： (3)had been more careful (4)①is ②will ③had followed ④had arrived ⑤had●2 Abruptly she sat down, only to be scooped up by her laughing, shouting sister, Luna. 她突然坐了下来,结果被爱吵闹的妹妹卢娜一把抱了起来句型公式only to do/to be done…不料,结果却(被)……【句式点拨】句中only to do 是不定式作结果状语,意为"不料,结果却",表示出乎意料或令人失望的结果【相关拓展】 不定式和现在分词作结果状语的区别:不定式作结果状语时,表示其动作发生在谓语动词之后,往往表示未曾预料到的或令人不快的事情,不定式前常加only;另外,不定式还用于too…to, enough to, never to, so/such…as to等固定结构中现在分词作结果状语时,表示伴随谓语动词动作的发生而产生的自然结果(同时发生),有时在其前面加上thus,谓语动词与现在分词的动作是因果关系【活学活用】(1)Anxiously, she took the dress out of the package and tried it on, only to find it didn't fit.她急切地从包装袋里拿出裙子,试穿了一下,结果发现它不合身(2)False advertisements deceive or mislead consumers, thus causing damage to their lawful rights and interests.虚假广告欺骗或误导消费者,这样就对他们的合法权益造成损害(3)He raced through the living room, only ________________.他飞快地跑过起居室,却发现前门锁上了(4)语法填空①The fire was too big and out of control, ________________(burn) the whole building down.②The news reporters hurried to the airport, only ______________(inform) that the film star had left.③The child slipped and fell, ________________(hit) his head against the door.答案：(3)to find the front door closed (4)①burning ②to be informed ③hitting
作为无数人心中的女神，私下里的感情同样让人感到非常好奇，1985年相识歌手齐秦，两人那段纠缠不清的感情，也让粉丝朋友大为吃惊。中新网7月5日电 四川中江县公安局5日在其官方微博发布警情通报称，2024年7月2日15时许，中江县公安局接群众报警称，辑庆镇卫生院用生理盐水冒充HPV宫颈癌疫苗接种。接警后，中江县公安局立即派出民警赶赴现场处置。