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所以,60岁单身男人不是不想找女人,而是经济条件限制了自己找女人。当然,也有女人不是为钱而找男人,而是为了感情上有寄托,是为了渴望得到充满爱的幸福美满生活而寻找另一半,但非常少见,至少我在单身两年后在本地还没有遇到过这样的女人,如果遇上了也不至于单身了。有时人们会说老年男人抠门,舍不得花钱。我认为,花钱买不来真爱,如果女人只想你的钱是不会爱你的人的,你的钱花完了的日子也就是散伙的时间到了。活明白了的60岁以上单身老头一般不会轻易再找伴了。
2024年12月24日,首发2024-07-01 13:46·小阳爱谈
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WPS AI:智能问答与创作
三星Galaxy S24系列手机1月18日发布,号称“开启移动AI新时代”2024-01-03 07:12·IT之家IT之家 1 月 3 日消息,三星官方现已正式官宣将于北京时间 1 月 18 日凌晨 2 点在圣何塞举办 Unpacked 2024 发布活动,slogan 为“开启移动 AI 新时代”。革命性的移动体验即将到来。准备好发现一个充满可能性的新时代,利用最新的 Galaxy 创新技术,改变您的生活、联系和创造方式。全新 Galaxy S 系列将为迄今为止最智能的移动体验设定更高标准。我们将揭示最新的 Galaxy 创新,提供一种基于 AI 的全新移动体验。目前 @Evan Blass 已经曝光了三星 Galaxy S24 规格,而且沃尔玛前几天也不小心提前上架了 Galaxy S24+(虽然截至IT之家发稿已被撤下,但仍有一些截图在网上流传),我们一起来看一下吧。参数方面,三款机型都将搭载高通骁龙 8 Gen 3 芯片,旗舰级的 Ultra 型号将配备 6.8 英寸 Dynamic AMOLED 2X 显示屏,分辨率为 QHD+ (1440p),亮度为 2600 尼特;并将配备 200MP 主摄(SOCELL HP2SX);并将配备 5000mAh 电池,可在 30 分钟内将电量从 0% 充至 65%,并将采用钛金属设计,支持 IP68 防尘防水,当然还有内置 S Pen。三星 Galaxy S24+ 配备 6.7 英寸 Dynamic AMOLED 2X 显示屏,比 S23 + 稍大,而且分辨率也从 FHD+(1080p)升级为 QHD+(1440p),且亮度高达 2600 尼特。三星 Galaxy S24+ 将配备 50MP 主摄(相信又是 ISOCELL GN3),并且可以录制 8K 视频,能够为用户提供 30 倍数码变焦功能,并将支持 2 倍和 3 倍“双长焦”。其他方面,S24 + 将配备 12GB 内存,并提供 256/512GB 存储,内置 4900mAh 电池,可在 30 分钟内从 0% 充至 65%,还将采用 Armor Aluminium 2.0 材质,支持 IP68 防尘防水。至于 Galaxy S24,列出的规格中唯一与 S24+ 不同的地方在于 6.2 英寸 Dynamic AMOLED 2X 显示屏,且仅有 FHD+ 分辨率 (1080p) 和 2600 尼特亮度。其他方面,三星 Galaxy S24 将配备 8GB RAM、128GB 和 256GB ROM,内置 4000mAh 电池,可在 30 分钟内从 0% 充至 50%。开始我并没有要和妻子离婚的打算,只是和小荷这每天晚上身体的触碰,以及她多次的试探我,我就开始有些心猿意马了。
测颈蝉丑别苍驳“丑补辞濒颈苍驳”,诲颈濒补颈蝉丑颈箩颈驳别测补苍驳辩颈辫颈苍驳!迟辞苍驳箩颈测颈蝉丑别苍驳虫颈耻箩颈补迟耻锄丑辞苍驳测耻测辞耻办别丑别濒颈箩颈耻谤别苍锄补颈辫别苍驳丑耻补箩颈箩颈苍诲别濒颈补苍驳丑耻补迟耻补苍诲耻颈锄丑辞苍驳,蝉耻箩耻苍箩颈别锄补颈虫耻补苍驳耻蝉丑补苍驳迟辞苍驳肠丑补苍驳丑耻颈办补辞濒惫丑别苍诲耻辞锄丑辞苍驳濒别颈诲别测颈苍锄颈,锄丑耻测补辞产补辞办耻辞箩颈产别苍尘颈补苍测颈苍锄颈、濒颈补苍驳箩颈补测颈苍锄颈、辩颈苍驳虫耻测颈苍锄颈诲别苍驳。锄补颈办补辞濒惫测颈苍锄颈诲别蝉丑颈丑辞耻,迟补迟辞苍驳肠丑补苍驳丑耻颈驳别苍驳驳耻补苍锄丑耻苍补虫颈别锄补颈产耻迟辞苍驳蝉丑颈肠丑补苍驳丑耻补苍箩颈苍驳虫颈补诲耻箩耻测辞耻箩颈补辞丑补辞产颈补辞虫颈补苍诲别测颈苍锄颈。
这(窜丑别)个(骋别)决(闯耻别)定(顿颈苍驳)让(搁补苍驳)她(罢补)面(惭颈补苍)临(尝颈苍)了(尝颈补辞)巨(闯耻)大(顿补)的(顿别)挑(罢颈补辞)战(窜丑补苍)和(贬别)困(碍耻苍)境(闯颈苍驳)。她(罢补)需(齿耻)要(驰补辞)自(窜颈)己(闯颈)去(蚕耻)寻(齿耻苍)找(窜丑补辞)资(窜颈)源(驰耻补苍)、谈(罢补苍)合(贬别)作(窜耻辞)、接(闯颈别)剧(闯耻)本(叠别苍),这(窜丑别)些(齿颈别)繁(贵补苍)琐(厂耻辞)的(顿别)事(厂丑颈)情(蚕颈苍驳)让(搁补苍驳)她(罢补)倍(叠别颈)感(骋补苍)压(驰补)力(尝颈)。然(搁补苍)而(贰谤),张(窜丑补苍驳)雨(驰耻)绮(窜耻辞)并(叠颈苍驳)没(惭别颈)有(驰辞耻)退(罢耻颈)缩(厂耻辞)。
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《科(Ke)学(Xue)》(20220506出(Chu)版(Ban))一(Yi)周(Zhou)论(Lun)文(Wen)导(Dao)读(Du)2022-05-08 20:00·科(Ke)学(Xue)网(Wang)编(Bian)译(Yi) | 李(Li)言(Yan)Science, 6 MAY 2022, VOLUME 376 ISSUE 6593《科(Ke)学(Xue)》2022年(Nian)5月(Yue)6日(Ri),第(Di)376卷(Juan),6593期(Qi)化(Hua)学(Xue)ChemistryThe state of zinc in methanol synthesis over a Zn/ZnO/Cu(211) model catalystZn/ZnO/Cu(211)模(Mo)型(Xing)催(Cui)化(Hua)剂(Ji)在(Zai)甲(Jia)醇(Chun)合(He)成(Cheng)中(Zhong)锌(Xin)的(De)状(Zhuang)态(Tai)▲ PETER AMANN, BERNHARD KL?TZER, DAVID DEGERMAN et al.▲ 链(Lian)接(Jie):https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.abj7747▲ 摘(Zhai)要(Yao):在(Zai)二(Er)氧(Yang)化(Hua)碳(Tan)/一(Yi)氧(Yang)化(Hua)碳(Tan)(CO2/CO)加(Jia)氢(Qing)过(Guo)程(Cheng)中(Zhong),锌(Xin)-铜(Tong)(Zn-Cu)催(Cui)化(Hua)剂(Ji)中(Zhong)锌(Xin)(Zn)的(De)活(Huo)性(Xing)化(Hua)学(Xue)状(Zhuang)态(Tai)分(Fen)为(Wei)氧(Yang)化(Hua)锌(Xin)纳(Na)米(Mi)粒(Li)子(Zi)、金(Jin)属(Shu)锌(Xin)或(Huo)锌(Xin)-铜(Tong)表(Biao)面(Mian)合(He)金(Jin)。我(Wo)们(Men)利(Li)用(Yong)180—500毫(Hao)巴(Ba)的(De)x射(She)线(Xian)光(Guang)电(Dian)子(Zi)能(Neng)谱(Pu),探(Tan)测(Ce)了(Liao)在(Zai)Zn/ZnO/Cu(211)上(Shang)二(Er)氧(Yang)化(Hua)碳(Tan)/一(Yi)氧(Yang)化(Hua)碳(Tan)加(Jia)氢(Qing)过(Guo)程(Cheng)中(Zhong)锌(Xin)和(He)反(Fan)应(Ying)中(Zhong)间(Jian)体(Ti)的(De)性(Xing)质(Zhi)。在(Zai)这(Zhe)个(Ge)过(Guo)程(Cheng)中(Zhong),温(Wen)度(Du)足(Zu)够(Gou)高(Gao)使(Shi)得(De)反(Fan)应(Ying)可(Ke)以(Yi)迅(Xun)速(Su)翻(Fan)转(Zhuan),从(Cong)而(Er)产(Chan)生(Sheng)一(Yi)个(Ge)几(Ji)乎(Hu)不(Bu)受(Shou)吸(Xi)附(Fu)的(De)表(Biao)面(Mian)。通(Tong)过(Guo)调(Diao)整(Zheng)掠(Lue)入(Ru)射(She)率(Lv),可(Ke)以(Yi)实(Shi)现(Xian)表(Biao)面(Mian)灵(Ling)敏(Min)或(Huo)整(Zheng)体(Ti)灵(Ling)敏(Min)。二(Er)氧(Yang)化(Hua)碳(Tan)加(Jia)氢(Qing)时(Shi),氧(Yang)化(Hua)锌(Xin)优(You)先(Xian)以(Yi)团(Tuan)簇(Cu)或(Huo)纳(Na)米(Mi)颗(Ke)粒(Li)的(De)形(Xing)式(Shi)出(Chu)现(Xian),而(Er)纯(Chun)一(Yi)氧(Yang)化(Hua)碳(Tan)中(Zhong),锌(Xin)-铜(Tong)表(Biao)面(Mian)合(He)金(Jin)更(Geng)为(Wei)突(Tu)出(Chu)。结(Jie)果(Guo)表(Biao)明(Ming),一(Yi)氧(Yang)化(Hua)碳(Tan)作(Zuo)为(Wei)活(Huo)性(Xing)相(Xiang)在(Zai)锌(Xin)-铜(Tong)表(Biao)面(Mian)合(He)金(Jin)的(De)形(Xing)成(Cheng)过(Guo)程(Cheng)中(Zhong)具(Ju)有(You)特(Te)殊(Shu)的(De)作(Zuo)用(Yong),对(Dui)CO2还(Huan)原(Yuan)为(Wei)甲(Jia)醇(Chun)特(Te)别(Bie)有(You)效(Xiao)。▲ Abstract:The active chemical state of zinc (Zn) in a zinc-copper (Zn-Cu) catalyst during carbon dioxide/carbon monoxide (CO2/CO) hydrogenation has been debated to be Zn oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles, metallic Zn, or a Zn-Cu surface alloy. We used x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy at 180 to 500 millibar to probe the nature of Zn and reaction intermediates during CO2/CO hydrogenation over Zn/ZnO/Cu(211), where the temperature is sufficiently high for the reaction to rapidly turn over, thus creating an almost adsorbate-free surface. Tuning of the grazing incidence angle makes it possible to achieve either surface or bulk sensitivity. Hydrogenation of CO2 gives preference to ZnO in the form of clusters or nanoparticles, whereas in pure CO a surface Zn-Cu alloy becomes more prominent. The results reveal a specific role of CO in the formation of the Zn-Cu surface alloy as an active phase that facilitates efficient CO2methanol synthesis.Highly efficient catalytic production of oximes from ketones using in situ–generated H2O2原(Yuan)位(Wei)合(He)成(Cheng)过(Guo)氧(Yang)化(Hua)氢(Qing)实(Shi)现(Xian)尼(Ni)龙(Long)单(Dan)体(Ti)的(De)高(Gao)效(Xiao)合(He)成(Cheng)▲ 作(Zuo)者(Zhe):RICHARD J. LEWIS, KENJI UEURAXI LIU, YUKIMASA FUKUTA et al.▲ 链(Lian)接(Jie):https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.abl4822▲ 摘(Zhai)要(Yao):我(Wo)们(Men)证(Zheng)明(Ming),负(Fu)载(Zai)的(De)金(Jin)-钯(Zuo)(AuPd)合(He)金(Jin)纳(Na)米(Mi)粒(Li)子(Zi)与(Yu)钛(Zuo)硅(Gui)酸(Suan)盐(Yan)-1 (TS-1)催(Cui)化(Hua)剂(Ji)结(Jie)合(He),可(Ke)以(Yi)根(Gen)据(Ju)需(Xu)要(Yao)原(Yuan)位(Wei)产(Chan)生(Sheng)H2O2,产(Chan)生(Sheng)选(Xuan)择(Ze)性(Xing)>95%的(De)环(Huan)己(Ji)酮(Tong)肟(Zuo),可(Ke)与(Yu)当(Dang)前(Qian)的(De)工(Gong)业(Ye)方(Fang)式(Shi)相(Xiang)媲(Zuo)美(Mei)。我(Wo)们(Men)还(Huan)证(Zheng)明(Ming)了(Liao)几(Ji)个(Ge)其(Qi)他(Ta)的(De)简(Jian)单(Dan)酮(Tong)的(De)氨(An)肟(Zuo)化(Hua)。我(Wo)们(Men)的(De)方(Fang)法(Fa)消(Xiao)除(Chu)了(Liao)运(Yun)输(Shu)和(He)储(Chu)存(Cun)高(Gao)浓(Nong)度(Du)H2O2的(De)需(Xu)要(Yao),间(Jian)接(Jie)实(Shi)现(Xian)了(Liao)大(Da)量(Liang)的(De)环(Huan)境(Jing)和(He)经(Jing)济(Ji)成(Cheng)本(Ben)节(Jie)约(Yue)。这(Zhe)种(Zhong)方(Fang)法(Fa)可(Ke)以(Yi)为(Wei)目(Mu)前(Qian)依(Yi)赖(Lai)预(Yu)先(Xian)形(Xing)成(Cheng)的(De)H2O2和(He)TS-1组(Zu)合(He)的(De)多(Duo)种(Zhong)化(Hua)学(Xue)转(Zhuan)化(Hua)提(Ti)供(Gong)替(Ti)代(Dai)方(Fang)式(Shi),同(Tong)时(Shi)允(Yun)许(Xu)相(Xiang)当(Dang)大(Da)的(De)工(Gong)艺(Yi)强(Qiang)化(Hua)。▲ Abstract:We demonstrate that by using supported gold-palladium (AuPd) alloyed nanoparticles in conjunction with a titanium silicate-1 (TS-1) catalyst, H2O2 can be generated in situ as needed, producing cyclohexanone oxime with >95% selectivity, comparable to the current industrial route. The ammoximation of several additional simple ketones is also demonstrated. Our approach eliminates the need to transport and store highly concentrated, stabilized H2O2, potentially achieving substantial environmental and economic savings. This approach could form the basis of an alternative route to numerous chemical transformations that are currently dependent on a combination of preformed H2O2and TS-1, while allowing for considerable process intensification.物(Wu)理(Li)PhysicsTunable and state-preserving frequency conversion of single photons in hydrogen氢(Qing)中(Zhong)单(Dan)个(Ge)光(Guang)子(Zi)的(De)可(Ke)调(Diao)谐(Xie)和(He)状(Zhuang)态(Tai)保(Bao)持(Chi)的(De)频(Pin)率(Lv)转(Zhuan)换(Huan)▲ 作(Zuo)者(Zhe):R. TYUMENEV, J. HAMMER, N. Y. JOLY et al.▲ 链(Lian)接(Jie):https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.abn1434▲ 摘(Zhai)要(Yao):在(Zai)现(Xian)代(Dai)量(Liang)子(Zi)技(Ji)术(Shu)中(Zhong),保(Bao)持(Chi)频(Pin)率(Lv)转(Zhuan)换(Huan)后(Hou)的(De)量(Liang)子(Zi)光(Guang)学(Xue)态(Tai)的(De)光(Guang)子(Zi)统(Tong)计(Ji)是(Shi)量(Liang)子(Zi)网(Wang)络(Luo)可(Ke)行(Xing)实(Shi)现(Xian)的(De)关(Guan)键(Jian),这(Zhe)通(Tong)常(Chang)需(Xu)要(Yao)在(Zai)不(Bu)同(Tong)光(Guang)谱(Pu)区(Qu)域(Yu)工(Gong)作(Zuo)的(De)几(Ji)个(Ge)子(Zi)系(Xi)统(Tong)接(Jie)口(Kou)。目(Mu)前(Qian)的(De)大(Da)多(Duo)数(Shu)方(Fang)法(Fa)只(Zhi)能(Neng)提(Ti)供(Gong)非(Fei)常(Chang)小(Xiao)的(De)频(Pin)移(Yi)和(He)有(You)限(Xian)的(De)可(Ke)调(Diao)谐(Xie)性(Xing),同(Tong)时(Shi)受(Shou)到(Dao)来(Lai)自(Zi)所(Suo)使(Shi)用(Yong)材(Cai)料(Liao)的(De)高(Gao)插(Cha)入(Ru)损(Sun)耗(Hao)和(He)拉(La)曼(Man)噪(Zao)声(Sheng)的(De)影(Ying)响(Xiang)。在(Zai)此(Ci),我(Wo)们(Men)介(Jie)绍(Shao)一(Yi)种(Zhong)利(Li)用(Yong)充(Chong)氢(Qing)反(Fan)共(Gong)振(Zhen)反(Fan)射(She)光(Guang)子(Zi)晶(Jing)体(Ti)光(Guang)纤(Xian)实(Shi)现(Xian)保(Bao)持(Chi)量(Liang)子(Zi)相(Xiang)关(Guan)频(Pin)率(Lv)转(Zhuan)换(Huan)的(De)方(Fang)法(Fa)。由(You)受(Shou)激(Ji)拉(La)曼(Man)散(San)射(She)产(Chan)生(Sheng)的(De)瞬(Shun)态(Tai)光(Guang)学(Xue)声(Sheng)子(Zi)可(Ke)使(Shi)纠(Jiu)缠(Chan)对(Dui)的(De)空(Kong)闲(Xian)光(Guang)子(Zi)进(Jin)行(Xing)125太(Tai)赫(He)兹(Zi)的(De)频(Pin)率(Lv)转(Zhuan)换(Huan),效(Xiao)率(Lv)高(Gao)达(Da)70%。这(Zhe)种(Zhong)分(Fen)子(Zi)调(Diao)制(Zhi)过(Guo)程(Cheng)保(Bao)持(Chi)了(Liao)量(Liang)子(Zi)相(Xiang)关(Guan)性(Xing),使(Shi)其(Qi)在(Zai)量(Liang)子(Zi)信(Xin)息(Xi)中(Zhong)的(De)应(Ying)用(Yong)非(Fei)常(Chang)理(Li)想(Xiang)。▲ Abstract:In modern quantum technologies, preservation of the photon statistics of quantum optical states upon frequency conversion holds the key to the viable implementation of quantum networks, which often require interfacing of several subsystems operating in widely different spectral regions. Most current approaches offer only very small frequency shifts and limited tunability, while suffering from high insertion loss and Raman noise originating in the materials used. We introduce a route to quantum-correlation–preserving frequency conversion using hydrogen-filled antiresonant-reflecting photonic crystal fibers. Transient optical phonons generated by stimulated Raman scattering enable selective frequency up-conversion by 125 terahertz of the idler photon of an entangled pair, with efficiencies up to 70%. This threshold-less molecular modulation process preserves quantum correlations, making it ideal for applications in quantum information.材(Cai)料(Liao)科(Ke)学(Xue)Materials ScienceEmergent ferroelectricity in subnanometer binary oxide films on silicon硅(Gui)上(Shang)集(Ji)成(Cheng)的(De)亚(Ya)纳(Na)米(Mi)二(Er)元(Yuan)氧(Yang)化(Hua)物(Wu)薄(Bao)膜(Mo)中(Zhong)的(De)铁(Tie)电(Dian)性(Xing)▲ 作(Zuo)者(Zhe):SURAJ S. CHEEMA, NIRMAAN SHANKER, HANG-LIN HSU et al.▲ 链(Lian)接(Jie):https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.abm8642▲ 摘(Zhai)要(Yao):电(Dian)压(Ya)可(Ke)切(Qie)换(Huan)电(Dian)偶(Ou)极(Ji)子(Zi)的(De)临(Lin)界(Jie)尺(Chi)寸(Cun)限(Xian)制(Zhi)对(Dui)节(Jie)能(Neng)电(Dian)子(Zi)器(Qi)件(Jian)有(You)着(Zhuo)广(Guang)泛(Fan)的(De)影(Ying)响(Xiang),强(Qiang)调(Diao)了(Liao)在(Zai)降(Jiang)维(Wei)下(Xia)稳(Wen)定(Ding)铁(Tie)电(Dian)序(Xu)的(De)重(Zhong)要(Yao)性(Xing)。在(Zai)此(Ci),我(Wo)们(Men)报(Bao)告(Gao)硅(Gui)上(Shang)集(Ji)成(Cheng)二(Er)氧(Yang)化(Hua)锆(Zuo)薄(Bao)膜(Mo)中(Zhong)与(Yu)厚(Hou)度(Du)相(Xiang)关(Guan)的(De)反(Fan)铁(Tie)电(Dian)-铁(Tie)电(Dian)相(Xiang)变(Bian)反(Fan)应(Ying)。超(Chao)薄(Bao)二(Er)氧(Yang)化(Hua)锆(Zuo)(通(Tong)常(Chang)是(Shi)一(Yi)种(Zhong)顺(Shun)电(Dian)材(Cai)料(Liao))中(Zhong)出(Chu)现(Xian)的(De)铁(Tie)电(Dian)性(Xing)和(He)迟(Chi)滞(Zhi)极(Ji)化(Hua)开(Kai)关(Guan),能(Neng)在(Zai)薄(Bao)膜(Mo)厚(Hou)度(Du)低(Di)至(Zhi)5埃(Ai)时(Shi)依(Yi)旧(Jiu)持(Chi)续(Xu)。这(Zhe)种(Zhong)利(Li)用(Yong)三(San)维(Wei)中(Zhong)心(Xin)对(Dui)称(Cheng)材(Cai)料(Liao)沉(Chen)积(Ji)到(Dao)二(Er)维(Wei)厚(Hou)度(Du)极(Ji)限(Xian)的(De)方(Fang)法(Fa),特(Te)别(Bie)是(Shi)在(Zai)这(Zhe)种(Zhong)具(Ju)有(You)非(Fei)常(Chang)规(Gui)铁(Tie)电(Dian)尺(Chi)寸(Cun)效(Xiao)应(Ying)的(De)结(Jie)构(Gou)系(Xi)统(Tong)模(Mo)型(Xing)中(Zhong),为(Wei)电(Dian)子(Zi)技(Ji)术(Shu)提(Ti)供(Gong)了(Liao)巨(Ju)大(Da)的(De)前(Qian)景(Jing)。这(Zhe)一(Yi)点(Dian)可(Ke)由(You)硅(Gui)上(Shang)集(Ji)成(Cheng)原(Yuan)子(Zi)尺(Chi)度(Du)非(Fei)易(Yi)失(Shi)性(Xing)铁(Tie)电(Dian)存(Cun)储(Chu)器(Qi)证(Zheng)明(Ming)。此(Ci)外(Wai),它(Ta)还(Huan)表(Biao)明(Ming)隐(Yin)藏(Cang)的(De)电(Dian)子(Zi)现(Xian)象(Xiang)可(Ke)以(Yi)在(Zai)广(Guang)泛(Fan)的(De)简(Jian)单(Dan)二(Er)元(Yuan)材(Cai)料(Liao)中(Zhong)实(Shi)现(Xian)。▲ Abstract:The critical size limit of voltage-switchable electric dipoles has extensive implications for energy-efficient electronics, underlying the importance of ferroelectric order stabilized at reduced dimensionality. We report on the thickness-dependent antiferroelectric-to-ferroelectric phase transition in zirconium dioxide (ZrO2) thin films on silicon. The emergent ferroelectricity and hysteretic polarization switching in ultrathin ZrO2, conventionally a paraelectric material, notably persists down to a film thickness of 5 angstroms, the fluorite-structure unit-cell size. This approach to exploit three-dimensional centrosymmetric materials deposited down to the two-dimensional thickness limit, particularly within this model fluorite-structure system that possesses unconventional ferroelectric size effects, offers substantial promise for electronics, demonstrated by proof-of-principle atomic-scale nonvolatile ferroelectric memory on silicon. Additionally, it is also indicative of hidden electronic phenomena that are achievable across a wide class of simple binary materials.地(Di)球(Qiu)科(Ke)学(Xue)Earth ScienceA dynamic saline groundwater system mapped beneath an Antarctic ice stream南(Nan)极(Ji)冰(Bing)流(Liu)下(Xia)动(Dong)态(Tai)的(De)含(Han)盐(Yan)地(Di)下(Xia)水(Shui)系(Xi)统(Tong)▲ 作(Zuo)者(Zhe):CHLOE D. GUSTAFSON, KERRY KEY, MATTHEW R. SIEGFRIED et al.▲ 链(Lian)接(Jie):https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.abm3301▲ 摘(Zhai)要(Yao):南(Nan)极(Ji)洲(Zhou)快(Kuai)速(Su)流(Liu)动(Dong)的(De)冰(Bing)流(Liu)对(Dui)冰(Bing)盖(Gai)造(Zao)成(Cheng)耗(Hao)损(Sun),然(Ran)而(Er)其(Qi)速(Su)度(Du)受(Shou)冰(Bing)下(Xia)水(Shui)系(Xi)统(Tong)的(De)影(Ying)响(Xiang)。目(Mu)前(Qian)对(Dui)这(Zhe)些(Xie)水(Shui)流(Liu)系(Xi)统(Tong)的(De)了(Liao)解(Jie)仅(Jin)限(Xian)于(Yu)靠(Kao)近(Jin)冰(Bing)床(Chuang)界(Jie)面(Mian)的(De)浅(Qian)层(Ceng)部(Bu)分(Fen),但(Dan)也(Ye)有(You)假(Jia)设(She)认(Ren)为(Wei)更(Geng)深(Shen)的(De)地(Di)下(Xia)水(Shui)也(Ye)可(Ke)能(Neng)影(Ying)响(Xiang)冰(Bing)流(Liu)。在(Zai)此(Ci),我(Wo)们(Men)使(Shi)用(Yong)了(Liao)南(Nan)极(Ji)西(Xi)部(Bu)惠(Hui)兰(Lan)斯(Si)冰(Bing)流(Liu)的(De)地(Di)球(Qiu)磁(Ci)场(Chang)和(He)被(Bei)动(Dong)地(Di)震(Zhen)数(Shu)据(Ju),对(Dui)深(Shen)层(Ceng)亚(Ya)冰(Bing)流(Liu)地(Di)下(Xia)水(Shui)进(Jin)行(Xing)了(Liao)首(Shou)次(Ci)观(Guan)测(Ce)。我(Wo)们(Men)的(De)数(Shu)据(Ju)显(Xian)示(Shi),在(Zai)一(Yi)个(Ge)超(Chao)过(Guo)1公(Gong)里(Li)厚(Hou)的(De)沉(Chen)积(Ji)盆(Pen)地(Di)中(Zhong)有(You)比(Bi)已(Yi)知(Zhi)的(De)冰(Bing)下(Xia)系(Xi)统(Tong)大(Da)一(Yi)个(Ge)数(Shu)量(Liang)级(Ji)的(De)地(Di)下(Xia)水(Shui)。垂(Chui)直(Zhi)盐(Yan)度(Du)梯(Ti)度(Du)数(Shu)据(Ju)表(Biao)明(Ming),深(Shen)层(Ceng)的(De)古(Gu)海(Hai)水(Shui)与(Yu)上(Shang)方(Fang)的(De)现(Xian)代(Dai)融(Rong)水(Shui)之(Zhi)间(Jian)存(Cun)在(Zai)交(Jiao)换(Huan)。我(Wo)们(Men)的(De)研(Yan)究(Jiu)结(Jie)果(Guo)为(Wei)影(Ying)响(Xiang)冰(Bing)流(Liu)和(He)冰(Bing)下(Xia)生(Sheng)物(Wu)地(Di)球(Qiu)化(Hua)学(Xue)过(Guo)程(Cheng)的(De)冰(Bing)下(Xia)水(Shui)系(Xi)统(Tong)提(Ti)供(Gong)了(Liao)新(Xin)的(De)限(Xian)制(Zhi)条(Tiao)件(Jian)。▲ Abstract:Antarctica’s fast-flowing ice streams drain the ice sheet, with their velocity modulated by subglacial water systems. Current knowledge of these water systems is limited to the shallow portions near the ice-bed interface, but hypothesized deeper groundwater could also influence ice streaming. Here, we use magnetotelluric and passive seismic data from Whillans Ice Stream, West Antarctica, to provide the first observations of deep sub–ice stream groundwater. Our data reveal a volume of groundwater within a >1-kilometer-thick sedimentary basin that is more than an order of magnitude larger than the known subglacial system. A vertical salinity gradient indicates exchange between paleo seawater at depth and contemporary basal meltwater above. Our results provide new constraints for subglacial water systems that affect ice streaming and subglacial biogeochemical processes.A stronger role for long-term moisture change than for CO2 in determining tropical woody vegetation change长(Chang)期(Qi)水(Shui)分(Fen)变(Bian)化(Hua)在(Zai)决(Jue)定(Ding)热(Re)带(Dai)木(Mu)本(Ben)植(Zhi)被(Bei)变(Bian)化(Hua)方(Fang)面(Mian)比(Bi)二(Er)氧(Yang)化(Hua)碳(Tan)的(De)作(Zuo)用(Yong)更(Geng)大(Da)▲ 作(Zuo)者(Zhe):WILLIAM D. GOSLING, CHARLOTTE S. MILLER, TIMOTHY M. SHANAHAN et al.▲ 链(Lian)接(Jie):https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.abg4618▲ 摘(Zhai)要(Yao):有(You)人(Ren)认(Ren)为(Wei),人(Ren)为(Wei)CO2 (eCO2) 浓(Nong)度(Du)的(De)升(Sheng)高(Gao)会(Hui)通(Tong)过(Guo)增(Zeng)加(Jia)营(Ying)养(Yang)物(Wu)质(Zhi)带(Dai)动(Dong)热(Re)带(Dai)生(Sheng)态(Tai)系(Xi)统(Tong)内(Nei)的(De)木(Mu)本(Ben)覆(Fu)盖(Gai)。eCO2 的(De)影(Ying)响(Xiang)被(Bei)置(Zhi)于(Yu)地(Di)球(Qiu)系(Xi)统(Tong)模(Mo)型(Xing)中(Zhong)评(Ping)估(Gu),尽(Jin)管(Guan)长(Chang)期(Qi)评(Ping)估(Gu)仍(Reng)然(Ran)具(Ju)有(You)挑(Tiao)战(Zhan)性(Xing)。在(Zai)此(Ci),我(Wo)们(Men)通(Tong)过(Guo)对(Dui)加(Jia)纳(Na)Bosumtwi湖(Hu)此(Ci)前(Qian)的(De)环(Huan)境(Jing)变(Bian)化(Hua)数(Shu)据(Ju)与(Yu)全(Quan)球(Qiu)数(Shu)据(Ju)的(De)耦(Zuo)合(He),探(Tan)讨(Tao)了(Liao)过(Guo)去(Qu)50万(Wan)年(Nian)间(Jian)西(Xi)非(Fei)植(Zhi)被(Bei)变(Bian)化(Hua)的(De)6个(Ge)驱(Qu)动(Dong)因(Yin)素(Su)(水(Shui)分(Fen)有(You)效(Xiao)性(Xing)、火(Huo)灾(Zai)、哺(Bu)乳(Ru)动(Dong)物(Wu)食(Shi)草(Cao)动(Dong)物(Wu)密(Mi)度(Du)、温(Wen)度(Du)、温(Wen)度(Du)季(Ji)节(Jie)性(Xing)变(Bian)化(Hua)、CO2)的(De)相(Xiang)关(Guan)性(Xing)。水(Shui)分(Fen)有(You)效(Xiao)性(Xing)和(He)火(Huo)灾(Zai)是(Shi)影(Ying)响(Xiang)林(Lin)分(Fen)覆(Fu)盖(Gai)度(Du)的(De)主(Zhu)要(Yao)因(Yin)素(Su),而(Er)CO2 的(De)影(Ying)响(Xiang)较(Jiao)小(Xiao)。我(Wo)们(Men)的(De)研(Yan)究(Jiu)结(Jie)果(Guo)表(Biao)明(Ming),预(Yu)测(Ce)模(Mo)型(Xing)中(Zhong)eCO2 效(Xiao)应(Ying)对(Dui)热(Re)带(Dai)植(Zhi)被(Bei)的(De)作(Zuo)用(Yong)必(Bi)须(Xu)被(Bei)重(Zhong)新(Xin)考(Kao)虑(Lv)。▲ Abstract:Anthropogenically elevated CO2 (eCO2) concentrations have been suggested to increase woody cover within tropical ecosystems through fertilization. The effect of eCO2 is built into Earth system models, although testing the relationship over long periods remains challenging. Here, we explore the relative importance of six drivers of vegetation change in western Africa over the past ~500,000 years (moisture availability, fire activity, mammalian herbivore density, temperature, temperature seasonality, CO2) by coupling past environmental change data from Lake Bosumtwi (Ghana) with global data. We found that moisture availability and fire activity were the most important factors in determining woody cover, whereas the effect of CO2 was small. Our findings suggest that the role of eCO2 effects on tropical vegetation in predictive models must be reconsidered.
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