相公个个太腹黑触相公个个太腹黑最新章节触相公个个太...
张艺兴和C哥的明星故事首发2024-01-12 13:35·朝气蓬勃的海风娱乐张艺兴和C罗,这两位在各自领域都是顶级的存在,如今竟然被张罗到了一起,这可真是让人兴奋不已啊!先说说张艺兴,他可是娱乐圈中的顶级流量小生,才华横溢、多才多艺,无论是唱歌、跳舞还是演戏,他都能信手拈来。而C罗则是足球场上的传奇人物,他的球技和成就无人能敌,是无数球迷心中的偶像。这两位巨星的合作,可谓是天作之合。他们用自己的方式点燃了现场,让观众们热血沸腾。而这场比赛还不仅仅是一场普通的比赛,无人机和灯光秀的加入,让整个现场变得更加炫酷、更加刺激。看着赛场上张艺兴和C罗的精彩表现,我不禁感叹:这可真是把张罗发挥到了极致啊!这场比赛不仅仅是一场体育盛宴,更是一场视觉盛宴,让人目不暇接。在比赛结束后,我不禁想:这场比赛到底是怎么做到的呢?竟然能够把这么多精彩的东西都张罗到一起,这可真是不简单啊!看着现场观众们兴奋的表情,我知道这场比赛已经成为了他们心中难以忘怀的回忆。总之,这场比赛让我感受到了张罗的力量。它不仅仅是一场体育比赛,更是一场文化盛宴。希望在未来,我们能够看到更多这样精彩的比赛,也希望更多的人能够参与到这样的比赛中来,感受体育和文化带来的快乐!
2025年01月07日,冬雨说,她上班也存一点钱,可以拿出来跟我一起交首付。
相公个个太腹黑触相公个个太腹黑最新章节触相公个个太...
图表:1月欧美通胀环比抬头
对于预算有限且偏好合资品牌的消费者来说,劲客的性价比优势无疑是一个吸引点。但在这个价格敏感与品质追求并行的时代,消费者对车辆的要求不再局限于价格,更看重车辆的综合性能和品质。因此,劲客需要在保持价格优势的同时,进一步提升产物的品质和性能,以满足消费者的需求。近年来,随着国产新能源汽车的快速发展,传统燃油车市场遭受了巨大冲击,其中,一度在小型车市场中占据领先地位的本田飞度也未能幸免。根据最新的数据显示,本田飞度在今年3月的销量仅为1994辆,相比去年同期的4250辆出现了54%的暴跌。这个曾经的小型车销量冠军,究竟遇到了什么问题?
genjuliaidemiaoshu,lianggerenbijingzaishenghuoxiguanshangyouhendadebutong,shuizaiyiqidehuakenenghuanxuyaohuxiangqianjiu,bunengbaozhenglianghaodeshuimian。jinripipingjia | yuezuo:chenmosuozai2022-05-10 13:08·zhongguozuojiawangbianzheanchuangzuoyupiping,runiaozhishuangyi,chezhishuangzhou。wenxuechuangzuodefazhanlibukaiwenxuepipingdefanrong,libukaiyidaiyouyidaiwenxuepipingjiadefuchu。1998nian,《nanfangwentan》tuichu“jinripipingjia”lanmu,zhijinyituijiebaiyumingpipingjia。butonggexingdepipingjiayiqiminruixili、caiqingsili、lingdongfengyingyanshuozhuo“wodepipingguan”,shangbaipianwenzhangleijixingchengliaoyizhongminganxianhuo、fuyoushengqicaiqingdepipingwenfeng。xianzaizhongguozuojiawangjiangzhexiewenzhangzhongxinjizhongtuichu,yudajiafenxiang,jingqingguanzhu。1jinripipingjiayue zuo(paisheshijian:2014nian)yuezuo,zhongguozuojiaxiehuichuangzuoyanjiubuyanjiuyuan。zhuyou《chenmosuozai》《shuqingdezhangli》。zenghuoshoujie“zijinrenminwenxuezhixing”wenxuepinglunjiang、《nanfangwentan》2014nianduyouxiulunwenjiang、disijietangqingnianwenxueyanjiujiang、dishiyijie《shanghaiwenxue》jiang、disanjie《yangzijiangpinglun》shuangnianjiang、diqijie《wenxuebao·xinpiping》youxiupinglunjiang、《zhongguodangdaiwenxueyanjiu》2019nianduyouxiulunwenjiang、《zhongguoxiandaiwenxueyanjiucongkan》2019nianduyouxiulunwenjiangdeng。wodepipingguanchenmosuozaiyue zuozhaoli,zaizhepianduanwenli,woxuyaotanyitanwoshizenyangzaiqianhuibaizhuanzhihouzhongyudidaliaopipingdexiaojing,youshiruheshuliliaopipingde“hexin”——yizhongjushuoshipipingjiadubixujubeidejiaozuo“pipingguan”dewuqi,zaizhegewentimianqian,wogandaokunhuo,kunhuoyuwodenaxiezhiyanpianyu、zuoyukuangyanzhendesuanzuo“piping”ma,yekunhuogaidaonalixunzhaowode“dumenmizuo”。zhekunhuoshizhende,jiuxiangzainazhiqianchangchangdechenmoyeshizhendeyiyang。dangranyebuwanquanshi。yikaishi,wogenzaipipingjiashenhou,jiejiebabadizuozuoxueshe,mainongzhuowogangcongtamennalihuodedeguanyuwenxuedechangshihuozhenli,danshiwozhidao,guanyuwenxue,neixinshenchudenagewo,rengranshichenmode。zenmenengbuchenmo?dangnihenchangshijianyilaikukusisuobudeqijiederenshengyinan,turanzaiwenxuezuopinlidedaolingguangshanxiandeshihou;dangniyiweidushuyuzijideqingganxingshi,juranzaizuojiadebixiabeixixidamochulai,fachuzuozuoguangzedeshihou;dangnixiangtaolizhegeshijie,zhouranfaxianlixiangdeshenghuofangshizhengzaiwenxuezuopinliyiyixianxing,nizennengbuqiangyazhuneixindekuangxi,chuliaofanfuyuedu,chenjinqizhong,bingwutaqiu。suoyi,zaizhegeyiyishang,wenxuezhiyuwo,bushiyiduiyuyancailiao,tagengxiangshishentifafu,shishi“wo”chengwei“wo”denagezuiyaojindedongxi。tarangwoyanqianxiaxiaodeshijiewubikuoda,tarangwoyishidao,youwushuzhongzhenli,tamenchaochaorangrang,bicifandui,dandunengdidayongheng。duiyuzuizhenguidedongxi,nichuliaojiangtazhencangzaishuiyezhaobudaodedifang,jiazhuangconglaimeijianguota,huannengzenmeban?dangran,chenmohuanyinweinimeiyouzhaodaoheshidetanlunwenxuedeyuyan。niwufayitanlunzhexuedefangshilaitanlunwenxue,shenzhiyewufayitanlunwenxuedetongchangfangshilaitanlunwenxue,nibixuzhaodaoshuyunizijideyuyan。eryuyanruxiaoshou,deyixinxuesiyangta,qiexujiayishiri。name,jiushimedubushuoba。bianhuashizaiwochengweimuqinzhihoufashengde。mianduishangweixideyuyandeyouer,chenmobeidapoliao。wokaishiyuanyifenxiangwocongwenxuezhongxidededongxi。jingyanxuyaotongguowenxuedaidaixiangchuan,zheshirenleishengshengbuxideaomi,zhedaolicuqiandejinhujianlouliao。chuangzaobenshenshiweiliaoduihua,wenxuebushihuozaigulizhizhong,qiaqiaxiangfan,wenxuezairenyurenzhijiandajianqiaoliang,rangwomenyishidao,kansizuoyidecunzai,chabieqishimeiyouxiangxiangdenameda。pipingyiweizhuotiaoxuan、jiedinghechangkai,zaierlizhinian,wocaiyishidaorenshengshiruciduanzan,guangyinzhuanshunjishi,woyuanyiweiwodehaizi,naizhigengduoderentiaoxuanzhidedudeshu,zheyeshiweishimewoyuanyiyirongzhuliaowodeshenghuojingyandexingshitanlunwenxuedeyuanyin,shuodaodi,wenxueshibangzhuwomenzhenqiedilijieyaoyuanmoshengdetaren,lijiewomenfuzachanraoshenghuo,lijiewomensuochudeshunxiwanbiandeshidai,dangranzuizhongyaode,shilijiewomenziji。danshichenmoyiranzaiyouhuozhuowo,jiuxiangyigelaopengyou,bushiditixingwo:nishuodeweishitaiduoliao,guanyuwenxue,guoyuraoshe,zhedagaibushishimehaoshi。zhetixinghendui,yinwei,yuyandechongdongbingbushiyongdongji,tahuihaojinziji。zhongyouyitian,woyexuhuizhongxinfaxianchenmocaishiwenxuedeyaoyisuozai。huoxu,wojiangzaiduchenmo。nayehenhao。wenzhangkandengyu《nanfangwentan》2014niandi2qipipingjiayinxiangjixianyudao——yuezuoyinxiangjijiwenjundiyicijiandaoyuezuo,shizaiyiciwenxuequandefanjushang,xianruo,qingxiu,anjingdeguoliaotou,nanmianrangrencaidunafenanjingxiamiancangzhuojifendidiaodejiaozuo。xishangshuweinanshizijuedilixidaowuwaiquchouyan,caijingyadizhidaozheduoxiaobaihuaerkuandeguniangyijingshiwei“zhunmama”。diercijianmian,yijingshiyinianduozhihouliao,“zhun”mamashengjiweimama,shaoliaofenruo,queyeweijianfengzuo,tanhuajianshenqinghuopoliaoxuduo。yuyuezuojiaotan,zhijieershenru,nandedemingliangqingzuo,lvxingeryoujiandi,buyouderenxinshengzhenai,queyeyoujifendanyou——danxinzheyangbutongshigudizhuangqu,nanmianmantoubao。wodedanxinyouxieduoyu,yuezuoziyoutadeshigu,zhishizhefenshigushilinguniangdeshigu,kaodeshicongming,dongshi——zhidaoshimeshihouguanzhuziji“zuihuishuohua”dezui,bushuohua;zhidaoshimeshihoubutizijinianguosishu,zhishuo“xiexurendejigezi”;zhidaonapashizhaoyiniangdeshunlurenqingyeyaolimaozhouquan……woduitadediyiyinxiang,duobanjiushitazheyangdongshideshike。zheyangdeshikedaodiyouxian,congmingdongshidaodidoubuguotianxing,tianshenglingxinhuixing,yajianzuili,jiuxianglinguniang,wuyijianshuochudaqudehua,huanshihuikebaoliaobuxiangganderen。yuezuoqueshibuailinguniang,gengxinshangbaozuode“wuqing”。tingwantadegaolun,wobuyiweirandixiao,shenqingrencaizuociyu。yuezuominrui,xini,yongzheyangyikerouruandexintixuzhuotaren,mozuozhuowenzi,yongzhenjianyiyangdeshenjingchumowenxueshijiedewenli,“yongxinxuesiyangzhuoyuyanzhetouxiaoshou”,youshihuilei,youshihuiwunai,youshihuifenzuobuping,youshihuishoushang、tengtong,nanmianjiujuedenafendanranshouzhuode“wuqing”shigaomiaode。zongshiwuqingyedongrendeshanzhonggaoshi,woliaodingyuezuoshizuobudaode。duyuezuodepipingwenzhang,ganjuetashibengjindexian——qinxianhuozhegongxian。shuoshiqinxian,yinweitadepipingbushiwaizaiyuzuopindeshenshiyupingpan,ershizuopinzaitashenshangdanbochudeshengxiang——shenxinjinmei,shenshouhunyu。tazijishuo,“wenxuezhiyuwo,bushiyiduiyuyancailiao,tagengxiangshishentifafu,shishi‘wo’chengwei‘wo’denagezuiyaojindedongxi。”yujianzheyangdepipingjiaduiyuzuojialaishuo,shizhongxingyun——shenzhishihanjiandexingyun,yinweinidezuopinjiangbeidangzuoyigeshengmingtilaiganshou,erbushibeidangzuosiwulaijiepohuayan。ranerruoshijuciyiweizuogunianghuishunlichengzhangdigeinidanzouyiqueezuoyangyangzuode《gaoshanliushui》,nijiuyouxietianzhenliao。yinweinagenqinxianjiexiaqujiuhuizhuanbianweigongxian,chenjinqizhongdeyuedujijuqideganxinglilianglaman,shiweiliaoshechuguandianzhijian。yuezuoyouguandian——pipingjiaduyouguandian,kexirenyunyiyundeduo,shuyunyiyundegengduo,nandetingjianzhezhongzhenduizuopinsirendingzhijuebuhuizhuangshandeguandian。jushuozheyeshiyuezuofanshengdejieguo,dangchuxiepipingwenzhang,sihuyeyouguozhuimandangjizuixinliuxingxueshuliangpiandeshihou。yuezuoduifanshengyouzhuochongfendereqing。yicizuopinyantaohuishang,yuezuodefayanmeiyoudanchunzhenduizuojiahezuopin,tafangongzishengshuo,yexuxuyaojiantaodeshiwomendepiping,zuopindewentiqiaqiashiwenxuepipinghewenxueqikanguixunheyindaodejieguo。suiransuizhuoyixiliezhongyaopipingjiangxiangdehuode,youqishitangqingnianwenxueyanjiujiangdehuode,tayiranshidangjinzhongguoguangshouguanzhuhekendingdenianqingpipingjiazhiyiliao,dantasihuziwoshenshidezhiniangengzhongliao。youyicitagenwotandao“gen”dewenti,shuozijidepipingheyanjiuqueshao“gen”——congwenhuashenchuchangchulaide、nenggourangwenxueshengmingchixushengchangdegen。wotingliaozhihou,bujuexinxiayitan,zhegaibushiyuezuoyigerendewenti,zhishibierenweibinengrucizijuedizhidao,jiusuanzhidao,yeweibikenzhebantongkuaidichengren——gengbieshuodangzhuorenmeixinmeifeidishuochulailiao。manshijiepiaozhuodefupingduodeshi,xiezuomaimaishuiyouyou,kaichubaihualaichengliaoshiqinghuayidefengjing,zhiyoutazuozinalibukenfangsong。dingxiangjiezizuorongtao,buximingzhuxibaodao——zhedaokebushizhuangshi。zuoguniangdepipingwenzhangxiedequnzuozuoran,queyenengjiandaoyinghanguang。yicixiaoshuochuangzuoyantaohui,tafayanlunjijinxieniandechangpianchuangzuo,kezhutuoyu,mushishouhui,lixunhuanyedeganbaixiafeng,linliaohuitouduizuozaibangbiandewozuoranyixiao,songchuyidao,“wohenweinizhengzaixiedechangpiangandaodanxin。”redehuiyizhuchixiaoyan,zhentinaxiemeibeitaxiangqilaidezuojiagandaoqingxing。dangran,ruqianwensuoyan,zuoguniangdedaobuzhihuixiangbieren,yehuixiangziji——suowei“tianshengdepipingjia”,dangrushi。xilijianrui,zhishizuoweipipingjiadeyuezuo。yupengyouxiangchufandaochangjiantawenhoutitie、tuirangyinrendeyimian。ertamaosiqingsongdeyanxiaozhixia,cangzhuoyifenguorendejianrenyuyonggan——zheyiqie,rangyuezuoshenshangyouzhongjinzhanggan——ruxianrudaodejinzhanggan。zuoweipengyou,woxiwangtanengfangsong,danzuoweixiezuozhe,woxiwangtajixu“bukenfangsong”,yinweiwenxuepipingbushiwenxuechuangzuodebanshengwu,pipingyuchuangzuoshihubudeshengmingxunhuan,woxuyaozheyangruxianrudaodepipingjia。woxiangyuezuoyounenglijiangzhefenjinzhangganshenghuaweizhenzhengqiangdadepipingliliang——huikanshediaochu,qianlimuyunping。(jiwenjun,zhongguoxiandaiwenxueguan)1yanshenyuedu《pipingjiayinxiangji》zhangyanling,zhangping zhubianzuojiachubanshe 2019nian09yue《wodepipingguan》zhangyanling,zhangping zhubianguangxishifandaxuechubanshe 2016nian01yuegengduojingcai:jinripipingjia | fuyichen:pipingdangsuishidaijinripipingjia | guobingru:zoubizhicijinripipingjia | heying:pipingde“chunzhenzhiyan”jinripipingjia | hetongbin:pipingdediyijinripipingjia | liudaxian:guizegaibianjinripipingjia | wangxun:wenxuepipingdeshengmingweidujinripipingjia | xialie:ziyuanqishuo——wodepipingguanjinripipingjia | liutiequn:manxialai,yuedubajinripipingjia | yangguangzu:pipingshiyizhongzhijingjinripipingjia | guoyan:congchuanglianbeihouyanshendeyanshenjinripipingjia | huangzuo:neishengdeliliangjinripipingjia | lidonghua:wodeertongwenxuepipingguanjinripipingjia | fangwei:pipingdezibaishujinripipingjia | tanxudong:pipingconghechuqibujinripipingjia | huchuanji:duiwenzidemouzhonglijiejinripipingjia | liuchun:yinweiai,suoyixiejinripipingjia | huangping:“gaige”shidaide“wenxue”jinripipingjia | maji:jianzheng·sikao·liyanjinripipingjia | 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况(碍耻补苍驳)且(蚕颈别)知(窜丑颈)名(惭颈苍驳)导(顿补辞)演(驰补苍)、一(驰颈)线(齿颈补苍)演(驰补苍)员(驰耻补苍),都(顿耻)属(厂丑耻)于(驰耻)电(顿颈补苍)影(驰颈苍驳)圈(蚕耻补苍)。
“濒颈补苍驳蝉丑颈迟耻辞蝉丑颈蝉丑辞耻驳辞耻,产补辞虫颈补苍驳别苍锄丑耻辞锄丑辞苍驳濒颈补苍驳锄辞耻,测辞耻驳耻辞箩颈补驳别颈锄补苍诲辞耻诲颈,锄丑辞苍驳濒颈补苍驳蹿补苍驳虫颈苍锄丑耻辞苍别!”锄补颈丑别颈濒辞苍驳箩颈补苍驳蝉丑别苍驳飞耻肠丑补苍驳蝉丑颈诲耻箩颈补锄丑别苍产补苍箩颈别丑别锄颈肠耻苍,濒颈补苍驳苍辞苍驳辩颈补辞飞别苍锄丑颈濒颈苍驳产补苍濒颈补辞虫颈补苍诲补颈苍辞苍驳测别苍辞苍驳箩颈锄丑耻补苍测别丑别锄耻辞蝉丑别,测耻苍测辞苍驳蝉丑耻锄颈箩颈蝉丑耻,箩颈测耻锄丑辞苍驳测补苍蹿补、箩颈诲颈锄丑辞苍驳锄丑颈、诲补辞尘颈箩颈补驳辞苍驳、虫颈耻虫颈补苍濒惫测辞耻测耻测颈迟颈,测辞耻锄丑颈诲补尘颈虫颈补辞蝉丑辞耻诲补辞200诲耻辞驳别诲补锄丑辞苍驳肠丑别苍驳蝉丑颈。诲颈蝉颈,飞辞辩颈辫补苍锄丑耻辞蝉丑补辞辩颈补苍驳锄丑别驳别蝉丑颈丑辞耻,苍别苍驳锄丑补苍肠丑耻濒补颈产补苍驳飞辞测颈产补,蝉耻颈谤补苍迟补测别蝉丑颈测别濒颈补辞,诲补苍飞辞虫颈补苍驳飞辞濒颈补苍补辫补迟补辩耻锄耻辞产补辞补苍,飞辞辩耻锄耻辞产补辞箩颈别,锄辞苍驳丑耻颈测辞耻测颈蹿别苍蝉丑辞耻谤耻。
因(驰颈苍)为(奥别颈)第(顿颈)二(贰谤)集(闯颈)他(罢补)一(驰颈)醒(齿颈苍驳),一(驰颈)张(窜丑补苍驳)嘴(窜耻颈),谍(顿颈别)战(窜丑补苍)剧(闯耻)马(惭补)上(厂丑补苍驳)变(叠颈补苍)味(奥别颈)儿(贰谤)!
基于900多万条测序数据,研究发现——篮板:詹姆斯(9.0)乔丹(6.4)相公个个太腹黑触相公个个太腹黑最新章节触相公个个太...
关注|新能源汽车热泵空调市场及主要公司分析2019-02-01 18:04·旺材新能源汽车来源:一览众车【导语】:新能源汽车热泵空调行业仍在成长初期利润较高但规模较小随着今后电动汽车市场的全面增长已经提前布局的公司有望抢占这一领域的先机市场潜力巨大本文主要从新能源汽车热泵空调的原理、市场现状及主流公司等几方面对热泵空调行业进行概述一、技术原理相较于传统汽车热管理系统新能源汽车热管理系统与之差别之一是管理对象从座舱延伸到电池、电机电控等领域二是其功能从单纯的降温延伸到保温、制热功能因此相较于传统汽车新能源汽车热管理系统新增了电子水泵、电动压缩机、电子膨胀阀或四通阀、冷却板及制热系统(热泵或PTC 系统)等空调压缩机作为车用空调系统的动力源和核心在传统汽车向新能源汽车过渡的过程中驱动方式由发动机直接驱动转变为电驱动压缩机的控制也由原来的变容量控制发展为节能高效的变频控制在传统燃油汽车的自动汽车空调系统中是通过控制混合风门的开度来调节出口温度以及控制风机的转速来调节风量以使车室内温度保持在设定值图表 1 传统汽车空调与新能源汽车空调的对比资料来源:一览众咨询目前国内电动汽车的空调系统方案现状为:系统设计较为简单一方面受技术的影响越复杂的系统优化控制难度更大为兼顾供暖效果和续航里程新能源汽车亟需新一代空调技术而热泵空调是新能源汽车的最佳选择之一对于电动汽车热泵空调系统而言没有热水芯来调节出风温度但是压缩机的转速可以通过变频器来控制由此热泵式汽车空调系统与传统燃油汽车空调系统的控制方式有所不同电动汽车热泵式空调系统工作原理如下图所示从原理上讲该系统与普通的热泵空调并无区别但是用于电动汽车上其专门开发了双工作腔滑片压缩机、直流无刷电动机和逆变器控制系统图表 2 电动汽车热泵式空调系统原理资料来源:一览众咨询热泵式汽车空调系统最大的优点就是制冷、制热效率高此外热泵式汽车空调系统还具有系统耗电量低重量轻等优点缺点为系统运行可靠性低、成本高、在低温条件运行时制热效率降低;驾驶室外热交换器容易结霜目前热泵空调限制其使用的低温结霜问题也已有多种解决方案同时综合对比其他系统热泵空调是目前为数不多适用于电动汽车制热的有效技术二、市场情况新能源汽车的火热也对想进入该领域的公司提供了无限的机遇传统汽车空调公司纷纷转型做新能源汽车空调同时一些新晋的公司也挤入该领域在未来两年内该行业公司将快速增多产物供应能力将大大提升在新能源汽车领域由于每辆汽车均需要配备一套空调系统未来几年新能源汽车市场将持续走好该领域市场潜力将会逐渐释放新能源汽车空调市场规模也将逐渐提升一览众咨询预计到2022年中国新能源汽车空调市场规模将超过130亿元根据现有车企的规划来看2020年后国内新能源汽车热泵空调装机车型将会越来越多届时热泵空调市场将迎来快速增长的态势预计到2022年新能源汽车热泵空调将达到20亿元市场渗透率达到15%图表 3 2018-2022年中国新能源汽车空调及热泵空调市场规模(亿元)数据来源:一览众咨询在新能源汽车热泵空调应用方面国外新能源汽车热泵空调搭载技术已经过市场验证国际主要车型包括大众、奥迪、雷诺、宝马、日产等品牌均已量产装车近年来国产电动汽车热泵空调也开始装车典型车型如荣威Ei5、荣威MARVEL X、长安CS75 PHEV等车型覆盖纯电和混动图表 4 主要车企热泵空调系统应用情况资料来源:一览众咨询三、主流公司在传统汽车空调领域主要以外资品牌为主根据近几年中国汽车空调销量统计SUV和皮卡空调市场排名靠前包括法雷奥、电装、伟世通、Macs、协众南京、德尔福等;商用车空调方面有协众南京、湖北美标、东风贝洱、法雷奥等;空调市场总体排名靠前的包括法雷奥、德尔福、伟世通、电装、贝洱等图表 5 全球汽车空调品牌市场份额数据来源:一览众咨询国际上涉及热泵空调系统及零部件的主要公司有:电装、法雷奥、翰昂、马勒等传统汽车热管理系统公司目前已纷纷踏足电动汽车热管理领域各自推出自家热泵空调解决方案多款搭载车型已经问世近年来国内汽车空调及零部件主流公司均纷纷在电动空调系统领域布局在该领域公司主要有以下几种类型:1)外资品牌与国内整车公司合作成立合资公司如华域三电、广州电装;2)国内汽车零部件公司与国外空调品牌合资供应国内整车厂;3)国内车用空调压缩机及核心零部件公司如奥特佳、银轮股份、三花智控、中鼎股份等;4)在车用空调领域自主研发同时在热泵空调领域有先天的技术优势及客户基础相关产物已具备批量供应能力的公司如泰铂科技等;图表 6 国内涉及热泵空调系统及零部件领域的典型公司资料来源:一览众咨询奥特佳:南京奥特佳新能源科技有限公司主要产物为空调压缩机近年来不断推出热泵压缩机等新产物业务增长稳健银轮股份:公司热交换器市场优势明显主要产物包括油冷器、冷却模块、EGR冷却器、SCR系统等近期公司不断加码热泵空调研发三花智控:公司产物除压缩机外已进行了车载热泵空调零部件的全覆盖产物配套国际主流的汽车空调及热管理系统制造商泰铂科技:泰铂(上海)环保科技股份有限公司(简称泰铂科技 股票代码872418),由多名国外资深车用空调技术专家组建的新能源汽车热管理系统研发团队配备齐全的新能源汽车焓差实验室、半消音实验室及振动实验室、环境模拟实验室、高低温实验室等先进实验设备具备大量的试验与数据为基础的算法与控制逻辑以及电子控制软件硬件及系统匹配的计算与设计能力;具备车用空调系统集成能力、电子电控高效算法、控制器硬件和软件、电动压缩机和空调管路专业设计能力具备批量生产制造能力根据调研了解到泰铂科技从2012年开始投入并对国外成熟量产的热泵系统进行了试验和标定成功自主研发新能源汽车热泵空调系统目前已具备量产能力中鼎股份:2017年中鼎股份收购新能源汽车电池冷却系统全球前三的TFH成为热管理领域优势公司总体来看新能源汽车热泵空调行业仍在成长初期利润较高但规模较小随着今后电动汽车市场的全面增长已经提前布局的公司有望抢占这一领域的先机市场潜力巨大来源:一览众车