谈电动车必提的三电系统 到底是什么玩意儿?2019-07-01 11:16·纯电车EV如果你关注纯电动车的话,你一定听说过这么一个有点深奥的技术名词:三电系统。在很多其他资料的介绍中,三电系统被描述为电动车的绝对核心,其重要性就像燃油车的发动机一样,是整辆电动车动力系统的核心。实际上三电系统不只是一辆纯电动车的动力系统核心,更是电动车的根基所在。根据业内权威机构表示,三电系统的成本占据整辆纯电动车总成本的75%以上,而超过90%的纯电动车机件故障,也都是由三电系统引起。因此,三电系统几乎就是一台纯电动车的全部,但你又是否知道,到底什么叫三电系统呢?电机:最基础也最不容易坏的部分电机的作用相信不需要我们多强调什么了,它就相当于燃油车的发动机,用于驱动车辆。目前大多数纯电动车使用的都是直流电机,而直流电机又可以分为异步直流电机和同步直流电机两种。其中异步直流电机承受功率比较大,体积也比较小,但本身噪音相比同步电机要更大一些,在急加速急减速时会发出一些让人不太愉悦的啸叫声。对整车的NVH不利,但由于异步电机本身成本较低,在不断的技术进步下,现在大多数的异步电机的声音,已经得到了很明显的改良,异步电机也是目前绝大多数纯电动车的电机形式。而一些混合动力车型,会更偏向于使用直流同步电机。为什么纯电动车不喜欢这种噪音低,理论上也更先进的电机呢?原因也很简单,大多数同步电机可适配的功率并不高,很难满足现在纯电动车的功率需求。而混合动力车对电机功率要求不高,因此这类电机大多出现在一些混动车上。电池组:最受关注的部分,没有之一你可以不知道三电系统,但一定知道纯电动车上的电池,至今为止几乎所有的纯电动车失火事故,元凶都是故障的电池组。电池组是整辆纯电动车中理论上最危险也是最脆弱的部分,也是绝大多数纯电动车上保护得最好的一个部分。现今主流的纯电动车对于电池组的防护,已经几乎无所不用其极,现在的纯电动车,电池组几乎被一个坚不可摧的装甲笼子所完全包裹,在某些品牌的宣传资料中,这些用户保护电池组的装甲笼子,甚至可以防弹。而电池组,也正是目前纯电动车技术发展的最大障碍。由于电池技术迟迟未能突破,目前纯电动车电池组的功率密度,实际上仍然不算乐观,也正因为功率密度低,现在的纯电动车才需要体积巨大的电池包,而这些巨大的电池包,对整车续航,会起到一定的负面作用。而我们也可以看到,一些公司已经在旗下车型上用上了更高功率密度的电池包,例如威马EX5和广汽新能源AionS,它们的电池功率密度,是要比业界平均水平稍高一些的。电控系统:绝大多数人所不知道的存在如果说电机电池你都很熟悉的话,电控系统绝对是你几乎没听过的东西。电控系统的作用很简单,就是统管整个动力系统每一个细节的把控,从电池温度电池输出,到电机输出功率,到电池寿命,再到环境监测等等,电控系统,实际上就是纯电动车的大脑。你可以把电控系统看作是一台车载电脑,它和电脑一样,有CPU有内存,甚至有自己专用的存储空间(硬盘),但电控系统的复杂程度可远高于普通的家用电脑,对恶劣工况的适应性也远远高于传统汽车上的车载电脑。可以说,电控系统是一辆纯电动车三电系统中,技术复杂度最高的部分。后记:三电系统其实并非如燃油车一般,可以在某个方面强而在另一方面弱。三电系统是一个紧密连接的系统,三个模块其中一个性能不佳,都会直接影响整辆车的驾乘体验,也正因为纯电动车三电系统的集成度和调校难度如此高,因此纯电动车要做好,其实是非常困难的。
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从该车上市以来的销量来看海豹顿惭-颈并未达成比亚迪的战略意图去年9月6日海豹顿惭-颈上市该车售价16.68万-23.68万元以叠+级的尺寸冲击中型车市场号称将重塑主流中型轿车的价值标杆改写主流中型轿车市场由传统燃油车主导的格局
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