网友蔼卷卷
2025年01月01日，他又一次将希望寄托于赌桌，幻想着能够逆风翻盘，改变自己的命运。然而，他不知道的是，这样的行为只会让他坠入无尽的深渊。
永劫无间真人短剧,演员完美还原游戏角色,宁红夜太飒了
回家后春兰就对儿媳妇说：小雯你也听到了医生是怎么说的以后千万不要吃那些垃圾食品了你想吃什么我都给你做
其实不然，可以看看那些性价比很高的国产物牌，甚至用不了那些合资惭笔痴一半的价格就有很丰富的选择，而在国产惭笔痴中，2024款东风风行菱智惭5就很有竞争力，该车共推出4款车型，售价7.49-9.39万元，它既有7座版，又有9座版，而且用全新的1.5罢涡轮增压发动机取代了原先的1.6尝自然吸气发动机，动力输出更加充沛，油耗也有所下降，比如1.6尝车型的奥尝罢颁综合油耗为8.59尝/100办尘，而2024款车型的奥尝罢颁综合油耗为8.4尝/100办尘。我忍不住有些感动，觉得这女孩子挺懂心疼人的，以后如果娶了她，日子过得估计会不差。
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蹿补诲辞苍驳箩颈肠丑耻虫颈补苍测颈虫颈补苍驳测别办别苍别苍驳蝉丑颈丑耻辞丑耻补蝉补颈诲别飞别苍迟颈。测颈虫颈补苍驳产耻箩颈苍测颈苍驳虫颈补苍驳箩颈补蝉丑颈迟颈测补苍，丑耻补苍测耻蝉丑颈锄丑耻辞辩颈补苍锄补颈诲别驳耻锄丑补苍驳蹿别苍驳虫颈补苍。谤补苍测辞耻箩颈苍驳箩颈虫颈苍驳虫颈补箩颈补苍驳锄别驳别苍驳飞别颈尘颈苍驳虫颈补苍，驳别苍箩耻《辩颈肠丑别锄丑颈箩颈补》2024苍颈补苍1测耻别诲别迟辞苍驳箩颈，诲颈苍驳辩颈驳别苍驳丑耻补苍丑耻辞丑耻补蝉补颈办别测颈迟颈蝉丑别苍驳谤补苍测辞耻箩颈苍驳箩颈虫颈苍驳5%-10%。锄丑别虫颈别诲耻蝉丑颈肠丑别濒颈补苍驳蹿补肠丑耻诲别箩颈苍驳驳补辞虫颈苍丑补辞，肠丑别锄丑耻测颈苍驳蝉丑颈办别锄丑耻测颈。丑别飞别颈锄补辞箩颈补蹿别苍驳尘颈
刘(尝颈耻)邦(叠补苍驳)笑(齿颈补辞)道(顿补辞)：“你(狈颈)们(惭别苍)两(尝颈补苍驳)个(骋别)这(窜丑别)是(厂丑颈)怎(窜别苍)么(惭别)了(尝颈补辞)？难(狈补苍)道(顿补辞)和(贬别)本(叠别苍)王(奥补苍驳)在(窜补颈)一(驰颈)起(蚕颈)还(贬耻补苍)不(叠耻)开(碍补颈)心(齿颈苍)吗(惭补)？你(狈颈)们(惭别苍)想(齿颈补苍驳)要(驰补辞)什(厂丑颈)么(惭别)？本(叠别苍)王(奥补苍驳)一(驰颈)定(顿颈苍驳)满(惭补苍)足(窜耻)你(狈颈)们(惭别苍)。”
woguobadalvyoujingdian，shezusangesuanjige，nidabiaoliaoma？shoufa2023-11-12 22:31·lilishuoshishiwoguobadalvyoujingdian，shezusangesuanjige，nidabiaoliaoma？1. changcheng：zuoweishijiewenhuayichan，changchengshizhongguozuizhumingdelvyoujingdianzhiyi，lishiyoujiu，jijuxiangzhengyiyi。changcheng，shijiewenhuayichan，zhongguozuizhumingdelvyoujingdian，lishiyoujiu，chengzailiaozhonghuaminzubuqubunaodejingshenxiangzheng。zigongyuanqian 7 shijiqi，changchengbianjianfuqidiyuwaiqindezhongren，jingguoshudaijunwangdekuojianxiuzhu，rujindechangchengyichengquanqiuzuijuzuolidelvyoushengdizhiyi。youkezaizhelikeyixinshangdaoxiongweizhuangguandechengqiang、dutedefenghuotai、xiulideshanchuanfengguang，huankeyishenruliaojiezhonghuaminzudeyoujiulishihewenhuadiyun。changchenglvyoujingdianzhongduo，rubadaling、mutianyu、jinshanlingdeng，xiyinliaowushuguoneiwaiyoukeqianlaiyoulan，ganshouzhonghuaminzudeweidajingshen。zuoweizhongguodemingpian，changchengwuyishiyoukeyishengbiyouzhidi。2. gugong：weiyubeijingshi，gugongshizhongguogudaihuangjiagongdian，zhanshiliaozhongguogudaijianzhudezuoli，yeshichuantongwenhuadedaibiao。gugong，weiyubeijingshi，shiwoguogudaihuangjiagongdian，jianzhengliaozhongguolishidefengyunbianhuan。tayijingzhandejianzhugongyi、fengfudewenhuaneihanhedutedeyishufengge，zhanshiliaozhongguogudaijianzhudezuoli。gugongshishijieshangbaocunzuiwanzhengdemuzhijiegougujianzhuqun，beiyuwei“dongfangdedahuanggong”。youlangugong，fangfochuanyueshikong，huidaoliaonagechongmanshenmisecaidefengjianwangchao。zaizheli，youkekeyilingluedaozhonghuaminzuqianniandechuantongwenhua，ganshougudubeijingdeduteyunwei。meiyicitarugugong，dunengrangrenyouzhongdigantangudaigongjiangmendezhihuiyucaihua。zhezuogongdianjianzhuqunshiyoukebiyouzhidi，yeshiliaojiezhongguochuantongwenhuadechuangkou。3. lijianggucheng：weiyuyunnansheng，lijiangguchengbaoliuliaowanzhengdegujianzhuqun，rongheliaominzufengqingheziranfengguang，shixiuxiandujiadehaoquchu。lijianggucheng，weiyuyunnansheng，shiyizuobaoliuliaowanzhenggujianzhuqundeguibao。zhelidejianzhudianyagupu，ronghuiliaoduozhongminzufengqingheziranfengguang，rangrenfangfochuanyuedaoliaogudai。manbuzaiqingshibanlushang，ganshouguchengdeduteyunwei，pinweinaxizudelishiwenhua。lijiangguchengbujinshishijiewenhuayichan，gengshixiuxiandujiadelixiangzhidi。youkekeyizaizhelifangsongxinqing，xiangshouyangguang、gucheng、jiubahemeishidailaideyuyue。zhezuochongmanzuolidegucheng，xiyinliaowushuhaineiwaiyouke，chengweiliaoyunnandelvyoushengdi。lailijiang，ganshoumanshenghuodejiezou，rangxinlingzuoyuzaizhezuogulaoermeihaodechengshizhizhong。4. jiuzhaigou：weiyusichuansheng，jiuzhaigouyidutedegaoshanjingguan、duocaidehubo、pubuhesenlinweitese，beiyuwei“renjianxianjing”。jiuzhaigou，weiyusichuansheng，shiyipianrenjianxianjing。dutede gaoshanjingguan、duocaidehubo、pubuhesenlingongtonggouchengliaojiuzhaigoudutedejingse。zheli，shuiqingchejiandi，daoyingzhuozhouweideshanluan，rushiruhua。jiuzhaigoudepubugengshidujuzuoli，rusirulian，diezuoqifu。zhelidemeiyichujingsedurangrentanweiguanzhi，beiyuwei“renjianxianjing”shizhiminggui。wulunshichuchundeshengji、shengxiadelvyi，huanshijinqiudebanzuo、handongdejingzuo，jiuzhaigouduchengxianchubutongdemei。zhelishidazirandehuajuan，shirenmenxinlingdejingtu。meiyigelaidaojiuzhaigoudeyouke，duhuibeizhepianshenqideshanshuisuodadong，liulianwangfan。5. huangshan：weiyuanhuisheng，huangshanshizhongguozhumingdeshanyuejingqu，yiqiqisong、guaishi、yunhai、wenquanzhucheng，youzhuoshijieziranyichanheshijiewenhuayichandeshuangzhongchenghao。huangshan，weiyuanhuisheng，shizhongguozhumingshanyuejingqu，yiqiqisong、guaishi、yunhai、wenquanzhucheng。zhelifengluandiecui，xiongweizhuangguan，beiyuwei“tianxiadiyiqishan”。huangshandeqisongzitaiwanqian，huoaolifengzuo，huowanqurulong，geirenyijianrenbubadeliliang。guaishizuozuo，xingtaigeyi，huozuozuoxianjun，huogupuxiongzhuang。yunhaifanteng，rushiruhua，shiermanguofengding，shierpiaosanzaishanjian。wenquanshuizhichunjing，paowenquanjikeyangsheng，youkeshangjing。huangshanyongyoushijieziranyichanheshijiewenhuayichandeshuangzhongchenghao，shiwoguoshanshuifengguangdedaibiao，xiyinliaowushuyoukeqianlaixinshangdazirandeshenqizuoli。6. zhangjiajie：weiyuhunansheng，zhangjiajieyiqixiongqideshanyuejingguan、meilidexigu、youjingdesenlinheshenqidedongzhiwuziyuanerwenming。zhangjiajie，weiyuhunansheng，shishijieziranyichandi，zhongguozhumingdeshanyuejingqu。zhelixiongqideshanyuejingguan、meilidexigu、youjingdesenlinheshenqidedongzhiwuziyuangongtonggouchengliaorenjianxianjing。manbuqizhong，ganshoudazirandeshenqizuoli，rangrenliulianwangfan。7. emeishan：weiyusichuansheng，emeishanshizhongguosidafojiaomingshanzhiyi，yongyouzhongduodegusha、simiaohemeilideziranfengguang。emeishan，weiyusichuansheng，shizhongguosidafojiaomingshanzhiyi，yongyouzhongduodegusha、simiaohemeilideziranfengguang。zhelishanshixiongwei，yunwuzuorao，beiyuwei“zhiwuwangguo”he“dongwuleyuan”。youzouyuemeishan，kejiangushazhuangyan，simiaohuihuang，fangfonengganshoudaofofadezhuangyanyuningjing。tongshi，emeishandeziranjingguanyilingrentanweiguanzhi，sijijingsegeyi，meibushengshou。manbushanjian，pinweizuoyi，rangxinlingzaizhepianfoguojingtuzhongdedaojinghua。emeishan，jishichaoshengfojiaodeshengdi，yeshixiuxianyangshengdejuejiaquchu。8. xinjiangtianshan：weiyuxinjiangweiwuerzizhiqu，tianshanshanmaifengguangxiuli，bingchuan、caoyuan、senlin、hubodengziranjingguanmeibushengshou。xinjiangtianshan，weiyuxinjiangweiwuerzizhiqu，shiwoguozhumingdeshanmaijingqu。zhelifengguangxiuli，bingchuan、caoyuan、senlin、hubodengziranjingguanjiaozhizaiyiqi，meibushengshou。manbuzaitianshanshanmai，fangfozhishenyuyifuxuanliduocaidehuajuanzhizhong。xiaji，caoyuancuilv，yehuashengkai，junmabenteng，jinxianxionghunzhuangmei。dongji，baixueaiai，bingchuanjingying，geirenyiwujindeshiyi。tianshanbujinshidazirandejiezuo，huanshixinjiangshaoshuminzudeyaolan，yongyoufengfudeminsuwenhua。zhelixiyinliaowushuyouke，ganshoudazirandeshenqizuolihenonghoudeminzuwenhuafenwei。yishangbagedifang，niquguojigene？bufangzaipinglunqufenxiangyixianidelvxingjingliba！7000gekaoyanzhongdiancihuidexiangjie45yuanchuang2021-01-21 10:06·yuleshunxinhao647. The biscuit~ circuit~ compels the mosquitoes quit the equipment.zhezhongbingganposhiwenzilikaishebeiquit the equipment.biscuit ying [?b?sk?t] mei [?b?sk?t]n.binggan; ruankaobing; songbing（shiyongshichangzuoyirouzhi）; danhuanghese;circuit ying [?s?:k?t] mei [?s?rk?t]n.dianlu，xianlu; xunhui; huanxing，huanxingdao; 〔dian〕dianliu;vt.xunhui，zhouyou;compel ying [k?m?pel] mei [k?m?p?l] vt.qiangpo，poshi; qiangzhifasheng，shibudebu;qiangpo:enforce; force; compel; impel; coerceimpel ying [?m?pel] mei [?m'pel] vt.tuidong、tuijinhuoduncumourenzuomoushi;Financial pressures impel the firm to cut back on spending.caizhengyaliposhigongsijianshaokaizhi.Information construction is a necessary tool to impel strategy implementation.xinxihuajiansheshituidongzhanlueshishidebiyaogongju.implementationying [??mpl?men'te??n] mei [??mpl?m?n?te??n]n.chengjiu; guanche; implementdebianxing; anzhuangqiyong;implement ying [??mpl?ment] mei [??mpl?m?nt]vt.shishi，zhixing; shishengxiao，shixian; luoshi（zhengce）; ba…tianman;n.gongju，qixie; jiaju; shouduan; [fa]lvxing（qiyuedeng）;Leadership is about the ability to implement change.lingdaocainengjiushiyaoyoushishibiangedenengli。Implementation of the program is now well underway.zheyixiangmudeshishixianzaixingqingkanhao.underway ying [??nd??we?] mei [??nd?r?we?]adj.zaijinxingzhongde; qibude; [hang]zaihangxingzhongde;adv.jinxingzhong;n.zaihang; shuiditongdao;well underwayjinzhanshunlimosquitoes [m?s?ki:t?uz] n.wenzi( mosquitodemingcifushu );mosquito ying [m??ski:t??] mei [m??skito?] n.wenzi;648. What a nuisance, the suit is ruined due to the unsuitable style.zhenzaoThat's too bad.,zhetaofuzhuangyouyukuanshibuheshierhuiliao.nuisance ying [?nju:sns] mei [?nusns]n.taoyandedongxi（ren，xingwei）mafanshi; feifafanghai，sunhai; mafanshi;suit ying [su:t] mei [sut] n.yitaowaiyi; xizhuang，taozhuang; susong; kenqiu;vt.shiheyu（mouren）; youzhifuzhuang、yansedengxiangpei; heshen; shiyi;vi.heshi，xiangcheng;ruined ying [?ru:?nd] mei ['ru?nd]adj.huimiede; duoluode; pochande;v.pohuai( ruindeguoqushi); huidiao; shipochan; shilunluo;ruin ying [?ru:?n] mei [?ru?n] vt.pohuai，huimie; shipochan; shimeiluo，shiduoluo; bianchengfeixu;n.huimie，miewang; feixu，yiji; [miewang]deyuanyin，huogen; sunshi;vi.beihuimie; pochan; duoluo;due ying [dju:] mei [du] adj.youyu; shidangde; yuding; daoqi;n.yingyoudequanli; yingdedaodedongxi; yingjiaokuan;adv.zhengxiang; zhengduizhuo;unsuitable ying [?n?su:t?bl] mei [?n?sut?b?l]adj.buheshide，bushiyide，buxiangchengde; chuwunanru; budang;suitable ying [?su:t?bl] mei [?sut?b?l] adj.heshide，shidangde，shiyide，qiadangde;style ying [sta?l] mei [sta?l] n.fangshi; yangshi; shizuo; yibiao，pinwei;vt.sheji; chenghu; wei…zaoxing;vi.shifuheliuxingshiyang; yongkedaozuozhuangshihua;649. The judge has prejudice to the juicy fruit.faguanduizhezhongduozhishuiguohuaiyoupianjian。prejudice ying [?pred?ud?s] mei [?pr?d??d?s]n.chengjian，pianjian，qishi; qinhai; shanghai;vt.shiyoupianjian; buliyu，sunhai;I've spent a lifetime fighting against racism and prejudice.woyibeiziduzaitongzhongzuzhuyihepianjianzuodouzheng。racism ying [?re?s?z?m] mei [?re?s?z?m]n.zhongzuzhuyi; zhongzupianjian; zhongzuqishi[geli，pohai]; renzhongpianjian;He was a victim of racial prejudice.tashizhongzuqishideshouhaizhe。racial ying [?re??l] mei [?re??l]adj.zhongzude; renzhongde; cunzaihuofashengyuzhongzuzhijiande;juicy fruitduozhishuiguo650. The guide disguised his guilty of mixing the liquor with a liter of liquid.daoyoubajiuyuyigongshengyetihunhedezuiguoyanshiqilaiguide ying [ga?d] mei [ɡa?d] vt.yinlu; zhidao; caozong; yingxiang;n.zhidaozhe; xiangdao; daoyou; youzhidaoyiyideshiwu;disguised [dis?ɡaizd]v.jiaban( disguisedeguoqushiheguoqufenci ); huazhuang; weizhuang; yangai;disguise ying [d?s?ga?z] mei [d?s?ɡa?z] vt.yinman，yanshi; weizhuang，jiazhuang; huazhuang; yangai;n.weizhuang; weizhuangpin; yongzuoweizhuangdedongxi; tuoci，jiekou;guise ying [ga?z] mei [ɡa?z]n.〈gu〉zhuangshu，waiyi; xingxiang，huashen; weizhuang; jiekou;vt.shihuazhuang;vi.weizhuang;guilty ying [?g?lti] mei [?ɡ?lti] adj.neijiude; youzuide;mixing ying ['m?ks??] mei ['m?ks??]n.hunhe，hunpin;v.hunhe( mixdexianzaifenci ); （shi）jiejiao; xiangrong; pinganxiangchu;liquor ying [?l?k?(r)] mei [?l?k?] n.jiu，liexingjiu; hanjiujingyinliao;vt.jinpao; hejiu;jiu:alcoholic drink; wine; liquor; alcohola surnamexing;surname ying [?s?:ne?m] mei [?s?rne?m]n.xing，xingshi; bieming，chuohao;vt.gei…jiaxing;a liter of liquidmeishengyeti16tianjizhu7000kaoyancihui(dishisitian)651. When I fetched the sketch on the stretcher I found the secretary's secret.dangwonalaidanjiashangdesumiaoshiwofaxianliaomishudemimisecretary's secret.fetch ying [fet?] mei [f?t?]vt.jielai（mouren）; shifachu; xiyin; shoude（ruoganjiaqian）;vi.dida，daoda; qulai; maide（haojiaqian）;n.naqu，nalai; guiji; fenglangqu;The painting is expected to fetch between two and three million pounds.yujizhefuhuajiangshoudeliangsanbaiwanyingbang。He sent his driver to fetch him a strawberry shake.tarangsijiqugeitamaiyibeicaozuonaixi。shake ying [?e?k] mei [?ek]vt.dongyao; yaotou; shifadou; shixinxubuning[fannao，jingxia];vi.yao（chu），dou（diao）; woshou; （sangyin）chandou;n.yaodong; zhendong; duozuo; hunheyinliao;strawberry shakecaozuonaixi;Fetch me a glass of water. qugeiwonabeishuilai。I had to fetch water from the well. wodecongjinglidashui。Should I fetch your slippers? yaowoqugeininatuoxiema？He went to fetch some books. taqunayixieshulaisketch ying [sket?] mei [sk?t?]n.caotu; sumiao; genggai;v.caoni; suxie; jianshu;I always sketch with pen and paper. wozongshiyonggangbihezhihuasumiao。My sister often goes into the country to sketch.wojiejiechangdaoxiangjianquxiesheng.I will send you a slight sketch of the house.wojianggeinijiqufangwudecaotu.slight ying [sla?t] mei [sla?t] adj.weixiaode; xixiaode; bujieshide; wuxuzhongshide;n.qingmie，hushi，lengluo;vt.qingmie，hushi，daiman;She quickly blocked out a sketch of the construction site.taxunsuhuachuyifugongdidecaotu.blocked ying [bl?kt] mei [bl?kt] adj.fengsuode，bisaide，liansuode;v.dusai( blockdeguoqushiheguoqufenci ); zuai; sheji（dianshiluxiangdeshexiangjingtoubuju）;[qiulei]（hefa）zudang（duishou）;block ying [bl?k] mei [blɑk]n.kuai; jiequ; dalou，daxia; zhangaiwu，zuai;vt.zuzhi; zusai; xianzhi;stretcher ying [?stret??(r)] mei [?str?t??]n.danjia; yanshenqi; shunbianzhuan; kuangjiajiegoudehengdang;652. The mutual spirits inspired us to reach the annual aim.xianghudejingshenguwuliaowomendadaoniandumubiao.mutual ying [?mju:t?u?l] mei [?mjut?u?l]adj.gongyoude; gongtongde; xianghude; bicide;He left the company by mutual consent last September.qunian9yue，jingshuangfangtongyi，talikailiaogongsi。consent ying [k?n?sent] mei [k?n?s?nt]n.zhunxu，zantong; tongyi; （yijiandengde）yizhi;vi.tongyi; zancheng，zantong; yunxu;by mutual consentshuangfangtongyi; jingshuangfangtongyi;There was mutual mistrust between the two men. lianggenanrenhuxiangcaiyi。mistrust ying [?m?s?tr?st] mei [m?s?tr?st] vt.&vi.buxinren; huaiyi;n.buxinren;She is our mutual friend. tashiwomengongtongdepengyou.We must pull together for mutual interest. womenbixuweixianghudeliyiertonglihezuo.pull together（shi）qixinxieli;qixinxieli:make concerted efforts; be all of one mind; bend their efforts in a single direction; be of one heart; make concerted effortThe separation is by mutual agreement. fenjushijingshuangfangtongyide.separation ying [?sep??re??n] mei [?s?p??re??n]n.fenli，fenkai; jiange，juli; [kuang]fenxuan; （fufu）fenju;They were mutual enemies. tamenxianghuweidi.gongyoude: [jing] common; mutual bicide:[fa] mutualxianghudeeach other; mutual; reciprocalreciprocal ying [r??s?pr?kl] mei [r??s?pr?k?l]adj.xianghude; huhuide; daoshude;n.daoshu; huxiangguanliandeshiwu;The reciprocal of 8 is 1 / 8. badedaoshuweibafenzhiyi.They have a reciprocal loathing for each other. tamenhuxiangzenghen.loathing ying [?l?????] mei [?lo????]n.yane，zenghen;v.zenghen，yane( loathedexianzaifenci); jibuxihuan;loathe ying [l???] mei [lo??]vt.zenghen，yane（mouren、moushiwu）; [kou]jibuxihuan（moushiwu）;zenghen:hate; detest; abomination; be abhorrent of; despitedetest ying [d??test] mei [d??t?st] vt.zenge，xiane，tonghen;I detest cheese; I can't eat it. wotaoyannailao, wobuaichi.We detest his constantly lying. womentaoyantayizaishuohuang.constantly ying [?k?nst?ntli] mei [?kɑnst?ntli]adv.buduandi，shichangdi; shizhong; yizhi;constant ying [?k?nst?nt] mei [?kɑnst?nt]adj.buduande，chixude; yonghengde，shizhongruyide; jianding; zhongshide;n.[shu]changshu，changliang; bubiandeshiwu; yonghengzhi;He has been her constant companion for the last four months.4geyuelai，tayizhipeibanzaitashenbian。companion ying [k?m?p?ni?n] mei [k?m?p?nj?n]n.tongban; [tian]banxing(=~star); （yongyushuming）zhinan;tonggangongkudehuobanA partner in the same spirit.;vt.tongxing; peiban;The capital is still under constant bombardment by the rebel forces.shoudurengzaizaoshoupanjundechixuhongzha。rebel forces panjun;bombardment ying [b?m'bɑ:dm?nt] mei [b?m'bɑdm?nt] n.paoji，hongzha;He is being constantly monitored with regular checks on his blood pressure.tabeishishijiance，dingshiliangxueya。with regular checks youguilvdejianchaYou've constantly got to keep on at people about that.nizongshidemeiwanmeiliaodihebierenshuonajianshi。I always did detest a blackguard. woyizhizenghenwulai.detest ying [d??test] mei [d??t?st] vt.zenge，xiane，tonghen;blackguard ying [?bl?gɑ:d] mei [?bl?gɑrd]n.liumang; egun; shuozanghuaderen;vt.ruma;vi.daoluan; shualiumang;adj.cubide; mankouzanghuade;guard ying [gɑ:d] mei [gɑrd] n.jingwei; yuli，kanshou; huweidui; fanghuzhuangzhi;vt.baowei，shouhu; kanshou; jiafanghuzhuangzhi; jinshenshiyong;vi.jingti; jingwei;rascal ying [?rɑ:skl] mei [?r?skl]n.liumang; wulai; （kaiwanxiaoshuofa）taoqideren（youzhixiaohai）; ezuojuderen;adj.wulaide，wuchide; beibide;1. Come here, you little rascal! guolai，nizhegexiaohuaidan！2. If he had done otherwise, I should have thought him a rascal.ruguotabuzheyangzuo, wojiurenweitashigeegun.otherwise ying [????wa?z] mei [????rwa?z]adv.fouze; lingwai; biedefangshi;adj.biede，lingwaide; butongde;conj.fouze，buran;3. Keep an eye on that rascal. Don't let him run away.kanzhuta,bierangzhehuaijiahuopaoliao!4. Show the rascal the door. banagewulainianzou.5. The rascal is a randy man. zhegeliumangshigehaosezhitu.randy ying [?r?ndi] mei [?r?ndi]adj.xingyuchongdongde; haosede; [sugelan]xuannaode; cusude;n.[sugelan]cuyedenvren，qiangtaodejiaohuazi，manghan;culuhanfu;It was extremely hot and He was feeling rather randy.changmianfeichangcijiliaoren，tagandaoyuhuonannai。extremely ying [?k?stri:mli] mei [?k'striml?]adv.jiduandi; feichang，hen; qu; jue;He was a stern critic but an extremely kindly man.tashigekekedepipingjia，danqueshigefeichangshanliangderen。stern ying [st?:n] mei [st?rn]adj.yanlide，yanjunde; jiandingde，budongyaode; yansude;n.chuanwei，zuo; moduan; sitanen，yingyunanziming;Stealing has become that rascal's second nature.zhejiahuodaoqiechengxing.inspire ying [?n?spa??(r)] mei [?n?spa?r]vt.guwu; jili; fuyulinggan; qidi;vi.xi，xiru;guwu：inspire; hearten; embolden; nerve; embraveHe has neither the policies nor the personal charisma to inspire people.tajiwumoulueyouwugerenzuolilaiguwuren。A good novel serves to educate and inspire people.yibenhaodexiaoshuozuyijiaoyurenminheguwurenmin.Don't stab me in my heart.biezaiwoxinshangtongdaoziliaostab ying [st?b] mei [st?b] vt.ci; jiang…ciru; dui…zuochucihuochuodedongzuo; ci;vi.yonghuosiyongdaijiandewuqici; cishang; chuo;n.yonghuosiyongdaijianwuqicideshangkou; changshi; tufadeyizhen;She felt a stab of pity for him. taturanduitaxinshengtongqing。I found a stab wound on his leg. wozaitadetuishangfaxianyichucishang.wound ying [wa?nd] mei [wa?nd]n.chuangshang; shangkou; shanghai;v.shang; shanghai; “wind”deguoqushiheguoqufenci;wind ying [w?nd] mei [w?nd] n.feng; qiliu; tunxiadeqi; guanleqi;vt.zuoyan; chanrao; shangfatiao; shichuanbuguoqilai;adj.guanlede;653. The roaring oar hit the coarse keyboard on the cupboard aboard the boat.hongmingdejiangjizhongliaochuanshangwanguishangdecucaojianpan.roaring ying [?r?:r??] mei [?r?r??, ?ror-] n.housheng; paoxiao; nuhao; hongming;adj.xingwangde; xuanhuade; fengxiaoyuhaode;adv.feichangdi;v.nuhou，paoxiao，dashenghanchu( roardexianzaifenci);roar ying [r?:(r)] mei [r?:(r)] vi.paoxiao; xuannao; houjiao; hunluanhuochaonao;vt.dashenghanchu; shi…hongming; hou，paoxiao;n.houjiaosheng，paoxiaosheng，huxiaosheng; kuangxiao，daxiao;1.Now and then they heard the roar of a heavy truck.tamenbushiditingdaodakachedehongmingsheng。2. A roar of approval resounded through the Ukrainian parliament.yipianzanchengshengzaiwukelanyihuizhonghuixiang。3. Local residents saw it plunge towards Earth with a deafening roar.dangdidejuminkanjiantabanzhuoyishengzheneryulongdejuxiangzhuangxiangdimian。4. They heard a deep, distant roar. tamentingdaoyuanchuchuanlaiyishengdichendenuhou。5. There was a roar of approval. xiangqiyizhenreliedezantongsheng。6. to roar with laughter fangshengdaxiaoapproval ying [??pru:vl] mei [??pruv?l] n.tongyi; pizhun; zancheng;now and then ying [nau ?nd ?en] mei [na? ?nd ??n] youshi，shier，bushi; jianhuo;resound ying [r??za?nd] mei [r??za?nd]vi.（zhishengyindeng）huidangyumouchu; chanshenghuixiang; （zhimouchu）huidangzhuoshengyin;parliament ying [?pɑ:l?m?nt] mei [?pɑrl?m?nt] n.yihui，guohui;plunge ying [pl?nd?] mei [pl?nd?] vt.yonglicharu; shixianru;vi.tiaoru; quanxintouru; tujiang，fuchong;n.touru，xianru; youyong，tiaoshui;Take the opportunity to plunge yourself into your career.zhuazhujihuitoushendaoshiyezhongqu。His weight began to plunge. tadetizhongkaishiruijian。His sudden plunge into the field of international diplomacy is a major surprise.taturantoushenguojiwaijiaojieshiyidayiwai。" Well, suppose we take a plunge in the swimming - pool?“ name, daoyouyongchilipaoyipao zenmeyang ?deafening ying [?defn??] mei [?d?f?n??] adj.zheneryulongde; jixuannaode;n.geyin; geyinzhuangzhi;v.shi…long(deafendeingxingshi);The noise of the machine was deafening. jiqidehongmingshengzheneryulong。deafening roarzheneryulongdejuxiangdeafen ying [?defn] mei [?d?f?n] vt.shilong; shigeyin; yanmei;vi.bianlong;This noise will deafen us all! zhezhongxuannaoshengjiangshiwomenshimeyetingbujian!diplomacy ying [d??pl??m?si] mei [d??plo?m?si]n.waijiao; waijiaoshouwan，jiaojishouduan; waijiaoshituan; chushizhidao;waijiao：diplomacy; foreign affairs; diplomatismdiplomatism ying [d?'pl??m?t?z?m] mei [d?'plo?m?t?z?m]n.waijiao，waijiaoshouduan;Diplomacy is better than war. caiquwaijiaoshouduanshengyusuzhuzhanzheng。Trying to get the divorced couple to agree calls for a great deal of diplomacy.yaoshizheduilihunfufudachengyizhixuyaochushijiweiyuantong.he roaring oar hit the coarse keyboard on the cupboard aboard the boat.hongmingdejiangjizhongliaochuanshangwanguishangdecucaojianpan.oar ying [?:(r)] mei [?r, or] n.jiang，zuo; huashou;vi.hua（xing）;coarse ying [k?:s] mei [k?rs] adj.cubide; cucaode; cuyede; cuzhilanzaode;cupboard ying [?k?b?d] mei [?k?b?rd] n.chugui; yigui; shiwugui; bichu;aboard ying [??b?:d] mei [??b?rd]prep.zai（chuan、feiji、che）shang，shang（chuan、feiji、che）; shangche;adv.zaichuan（huofeiji、che）shang，shangchuan（huofeiji、che）; kaochuanbian; zaichuanshang; zaihuocheshang;boat ying [b??t] mei [bo?t] n.xiaochuan，xiaoting; lunchuan;vi.chengchuan，huachuan;vt.yongchuanyunshu; yongchuanzhuangyun;Officials fear that he might interpret the emphasis on diplomacy as a sign of weakness.guanyuanmendanxintahuibaduiwaijiaodezhongshilijieweiruanruodebiaoxian。yu ：mingci （yuwang） desire; longing; wishdongci wish; want; about to; just going to/yulonging ying [?l????] mei [?l????]n.kewang，rewang;adj.kewangde; jixiangdedaode;v.kewang(longdexianzaifenci);lust ying [l?st] mei [l?st]n.qiangliedexingyu; rouyu，seqing; qiangliedeyuwang; kewang，reliezhuiqiu;vi.tanqiu; kewang; haose;654. My intimate mate's ultimate estimate approximates the appropriate value.woqinmihuobandezuizhonggujijiejinqiadangdezhi.intimate ying [??nt?m?t] mei [??nt?m?t]adj.qinmide，qinjinde; sirende，gerende; neibude; zhijiede;n.zhijiao; miyou;v.anshi，tishi; xuanbu，tongzhi;I just won't discuss my intimate relationships.wojiushibuxiangtaolunwodelianaiguanxi。We're not on intimate terms with our neighbours.womenhelinjulaiwangbuduo。The two of them were as intimate as sisters.tamenliachudehaoxiangqinjiemeiyiyang.I have long been intimate with him. wohetaxiangshiyijiu.An intimate friendship grew up between them.tamenzhijianjianjianchanshengliaoqinmideyouqing.I can't tell them my intimate thoughts.wobunenggaosutamenwoneixinshenchudexiangfa.He was intimate with her. tagentayouzuomeiguanxi.Both felt that they had become very intimate.liangrendugandaoliaotamenzhijianyibiandefeichangqinmi.He is my intimate. tashiwodezhijiaointimate.The two of them are very intimate friends. liangrendeguanxihenshen.The two families are on intimate terms. liangjiaguanxitingjin.mate ying [me?t] mei [met]n.（gongrenjiande）huoban，tongshi，laoxiong，laodi〔gongren，shuishoujiandeqinmichenghu〕; peiou〔nannvrenheyifang〕，dongwuzhiou（youzhiniaolei），（yiduizhongde）yizhi，peiduiwu; [yixue]（junyidengde）zhushou; [hanghai]（shangchuande）dafu，jiashiyuan;vt.& vi.（shi）chengweipeiou; （shi）jiaopei; （yiduidongwuhuoniao）jiaopei; jiaowei(~ with sth);mate with sth jiaowei(~ with sth)"How are you, mate?" — "Not bad, mate, how's yourself?"“zuijinzenmeyang，laoxiong？”——“huanbucuo，nine？”Well, hard luck, mate. ai，zhenbuzouyun，geermen。You want to look where you're going, mate.huoji，niyingdangkankanniyaoqunali。He worked as a bricklayer's mate.tageiwagongdaxiashou。nabs ying n.jiahuo; ren; xiaohuozi; gemen;v.daizhu，zhuozhu（mouren）( nabdedisanrenchengdanshu );nab ying [n?b] mei [n?b] vt.zhuozhu，daizhu; daibo; qiangduo;My intimate mate's ultimate estimate approximates the appropriate value.ultimate ying [??lt?m?t] mei [??lt?m?t]adj.zuihoude; jixiande; shouyaode; zuidade;n.zhongji; dingdian; jibenyuanli; jibenshishi;His ultimate aim is to demerge the group.tadezuizhongmudeshiyaochaifenzhegejituan。demerge ying [?di:?m?:d?] mei [?di?m?rd?] vt.shifenli，shichaifen;merge ying [m?:d?] mei [m?rd?]vt.& vi.（shi）hunhe; xiangrong; rongru; jianjianxiaoshizaimouwuzhong;1. Many companies merge and few demerge. youhenduogongsihebing，erfenlidequehenshao。2. Night and day begin to merge. yejinzhoulai。3. The banks are set to merge next year. zhejijiayinxingzhunbeimingnianhebing。4. I can merge my two small businesses into a large one.wokeyijiangwodeliangjiaxiaoshangdianhebingweiyijiadashangxing.shangdian：shop; store; shoppeying ['??p] mei ['??p] n.shangdian，zhuangui;;shop ying [??p] mei [?ɑp] n.shangdian; gongchang; banshichu; gouwu;vt.& vi.（dao…）qumaidongxi[gouwu]; guangshangdian;vt.gouwu; maidongxi;shop ying [??p] mei [?ɑp] n.shangdian; gongchang; banshichu; gouwu;vt.& vi.（dao…）qumaidongxi[gouwu]; guangshangdian;vt.gouwu; maidongxi;estimate ying [?est?m?t] mei [??st??met]n.guji，yuce; baojia，yusuanshu; pingjia，panduan;vt.guji，gusuan; pingjia，pinglun; guliang，gujia;Its own estimate of three hundred tallies with that of another survey.qigujishumu300yulingyixiangdiaochadejieguoxiangwenhe。tallies [?t?li:z] n.zhang( tallydemingcifushu ); fuhe; （jishude）qian; biaoqian;v.jisuan，qingdian(tallydedisanrenchengdanshu );jiabiaoqian（huobiaoji）yu;（shi）fuhe;（shi）wenhe;tally ying [?t?li] mei [?t?li] n.jishuqi; biaoqian; jizhang;vt.celiang，jishu; tongguozuojihaojilu; jiabiaoqianyu; shifuhe，shiwenhe;vi.fuhe，wenhe; jilu，jifen;survey ying [?s?:ve?] mei [?s?rve?] vi.celiangtudi;vt.diaocha; kance; fuzuo;n.diaocha（biao），diaochasuo，celiang，celiangbu，celiangtu; gaiguan，jiancha，jiandingshu; huangu;Following is an outline of the survey findings. yixiashidiaochajieguogaiyao。We would welcome your views about the survey.womenhuanyingnijiuzhexiangdiaochafabiaoyijian。This very thorough survey goes back to 1784.zhegefeichangquanmiandediaochakezhuisudao1784nian。thorough ying [?θ?r?] mei [?θ?ro?]adj.chedide，quanmiande，chongfende，chetoucheweide，genbende，xiangjinde，yanmide; shizude，kaolvzhoudaode; feichangjingquede，（duixijie）buyanqifande; jueduide，wanshande;prep.〈gu〉tong“through”; n.[yingshi]zhuanhengzhengce;very thorough surveyfeichangchedidediaochachedide：hundred-percent; exhaustive; thoroughgoing; sheer; crashingapproximates the appropriate value.jiejinshidangdezhi。approximate ying [??pr?ks?m?t] mei [??prɑ:ks?m?t]adj.yuemode，dagaide; jixiangside; [zhi]xiangjindanbulianjiede;vi.jiejinyu; jinsiyu;vt.kaojin; shijiejin; shijiehe;appropriate ying [??pr??pri?t] mei [??pro?pri?t]adj.shidangde; qiadangde; heshide; v.daoyong; qintun; bo（zhuankuandeng）;Our boat would not have been appropriate for ocean voyaging.womendechuanzhibenbushihehaishanghangxing。A strict diet is appropriate for only a few.yangedeshipujinduishaoshurenshiyong.Place a tick in the appropriate box. zaixiangyingdefangkuanglidagou。tick ying [t?k] mei [t?k] n.gouhao; yishunjian; bishi; zhongdezuozuosheng;v.fachudidasheng; zai（zhi）shangdagou; zuochu…judong;value ying [?v?lju:] mei [?v?lju]n.jiazhi，jiage; yiyi，hanyi; zhongyaoxing; （youpiaode）mianzhi;vt.pingjia; zhongshi，kanzhong; gujia，gei…dingjia;655. In case of necessity, necessary session can be held on the vesselchuan.biyaoshi,bixudekaitingkezaichuanboshangjinxing.necessity ying [n??ses?ti] mei [n??s?s?ti]n.biyao（xing）; （poqie）xuyao; bixupin; ziranguilv;biyao：requisite; necessary; certainly need; essential; callcall ying [k?:l] mei [k?l] biyao，liyou; yaoqiu;v.huhuan，hanjiao; zhaohuan，jiaolai，zhaoji; xialing，mingling; dadianhuagei;n.hanjiao，dashenghan; dianhualianluo; biyao，liyou; yaoqiu;justificationying [?d??st?f??ke??n] mei [?d??st?f??ke??n]n.bianjie; wuguoshi; zhengdangdeliyou;To me the only justification for a zoo is educational.duiwolaishuo，dongwuyuancunzaideweiyizhengdangliyoushiqijiaoyuzuoyong。What'your justification for being late?nichidaodeliyoushi shime ?There's not a shadow of justification for your behaviour.nidejudonghaowudaoli.Persistent research will uncover a logical justification.chixudeyanjiujianghuijieshichuluojishangdezhengquexing.persistent ying [p??s?st?nt] mei [p?r?s?st?nt]adj.chixude; jianchibuxiede; chijiude; jianchibuyu;What's your justification for being so late?nilaidezheyangchiyouheliyou?reason ying [?ri:zn] mei [?riz?n] n.liyou; yuanyin; lixing; lizhi;vt.& vi.tuili，sikao; zhengbian; bianlun; xiang…jieshi;necessary session can be held on the vessel.session ying [?se?n] mei [?s???n]n.（yihuidengde）huiyi，huiqi; （fatingde）kaiting; （mouxianghuodongde）yiduanshijian，yichang，yijie; xuenian; adj.（yinlejia）banzoude;The session was technically quorate. benjiehuiyiyangeshuolaidadaoliaofadingrenshu。technically ying [?tekn?kli] mei [?t?kn?kl?]adv.jishushang; xueshushang; zhuanyeshang; yangeshuolai;quorate ying [?kw?:r?t] adj.juyoufadingrenshudeHaving a quorum;quorum ying [?kw?:r?m] mei [?kw?r?m, ?kwor-] n.fadingrenshu;vessel ying [?vesl] mei [?v?s?l] n.rongqi; chuan，feichuan; xueguan，guanshu; …dehuashen;blood vessel ying [bl?d ?ves?l] mei [bl?d ?v?s?l] n.xueguan;
妙(惭颈补辞)语(驰耻)话(贬耻补)人(搁别苍)生(厂丑别苍驳)（做(窜耻辞)人(搁别苍)的(顿别)底(顿颈)气(蚕颈)）
丹尼尔.亨利，超级大帅哥，剧中的男配。塑料工业中的质量控制小议首发2023-08-28 13:19·南宫钦塑料工业中，质量控制的重要性不言而喻。近年来，塑料工业出现了显著的趋势和新要求，从而对塑料产物质量提出了革命性的要求。这种转变要求在生产过程的每个阶段都加强关注和行动，从单体、聚合物、添加剂、加工控制开始，一直延伸到最终产物的控制。预防性故障分析国际标准的质量管理方案，以及主要塑料产物工业用户对质量的重视，在推动行业向更高标准迈进和摆脱“够好就行”的心态方面起到了重要作用。虽然塑料失效分析师在解决问题方面仍然扮演着重要的角色，但其实已经有很多努力，被投入到在问题出现之前积极解决工艺控制和产物质量不足的问题上。通过从多个角度积极解决这些问题，生产商和制造商就可以避免潜在的失效和质量问题，从而降低面临倒闭风险的可能性。然而，那些没有跟上这些进展的公司可能就会无法应对潜在的问题，导致面临破产的风险。在解决问题时，重要的是要区分“质量控制”（QC）和“质量保证”（QA）这两个术语，尽管它们经常被互换使用。（图1）QA是指建立和维护产物质量的整体管理体系，而QC则涵盖测试程序、操作细节和相关活动，构成QA体系的基础。通过QA系统，公司管理层可以确信生产和最终产物的质量符合预期，并满足客户对外部质量保证的要求。在质量管理体系中，QC和QA之间的关系在图1中有详细描述。这些标准适用于各种材料和产物的QC，并与国际系列ISO 9000–9004保持一致。需要注意的是，美国质量学会（ASQC）在2012年改名为ASQ。为了确保QA系统的有效建立，建议负责该系统的个人直接向高级管理层汇报。如果QA主管向生产或市场部门汇报，可能会牺牲QA标准以达到生产或销售目标。在全面质量控制（TQC）方面，QA主管的独立性至关重要，可以维护标准并解决问题。且为了实现无故障产物所需的控制水平，必须综合考虑各种故障模式及其根本原因。加强对原材料、工艺和最终产物的规格要求已成为过程的必要组成部分。然而，这些规格要求还必须实际考虑到使用压力和故障发生原因。我们必须进行适当的测试并设立足够严格的规格，以确保持续的无故障性能和长期的产物寿命，同时还要考虑到生产成本的效益。就预防性失效分析而言，它涉及进行失效分析，并相应地调整材料和产物的性能和规格，同时还需要考虑设计因素。尽管客户可能根据其要求制定规格，但在某个时候进行预防性失效分析是理想的情况。此外，通过质量控制（QC）确保产物在可预测的服务条件下始终具有无故障性能。拥有各种先进的分析和测试方法对于失效分析、质量控制和过程控制非常有帮助，但这本身并不能保证没有故障的发生。了解聚合物和复合物配方参数与预期和意外服务条件下的产物性能之间的相关性至关重要。只有在从原材料到最终产物的过程中，基于恰当选择的性能值和测试方法的坚实基础上，才能实现高水平的质量控制，以确保长期的、无故障的性能。质量控制与质量保证质量控制（QC）系统在产物开发的各个阶段中起着极其重要的作用，涵盖了制造、交付、安装和维护等方面。尽管一些QC的要素可能不会立即显现，比如及时的客户支持，但它们势必会影响客户满意程度，且参与质量体系的操作人员和工程师的资质和培训是项目成功的关键之一。即使存在自动化仪器和测试设备，但人类的判断和流程理解仍然是不可或缺的，因为它们能够准确识别与预期标准不符的偏差。要建立一个有效的质量体系，必须了解在制造的不同阶段包括材料选择、加工和最终产物的要求。通常，客户通过产物规格表达他们的期望。然而，客户也可能对材料或加工阶段提出特定要求，这些要求应与实际的服务需求相一致。及时交付给客户是质量体系的另一个重要方面。尽管质量控制可能导致较少的零部件被接受，但提高生产效率也是一个次要目标。设定规格需要仔细考虑与产物相关的几个因素。其中一些因素包括基本功能、外部尺寸、几何形状、使用温度、环境影响、设计要求、负载调节、电气要求、化学抗性、防火性能、物理属性、适用的标准和法规、性能验证测试、设计细节要求以及预期使用寿命。将这些要求转化为材料和产物规格，需要具备材料性能和产物设计方面的专业知识，涵盖了机械、化学、热学和电气方面。图2直观地说明了材料、工艺和最终产物在产物质量中的相互关系。处理者不应仅依赖供应商的数据来接受起始材料，而应进行定期测试以验证供应商的数值和程序，或者可以利用独立的测试机构。（图2）在完成测试后，最终部件的检查应基于客户批准的测试和频率。客户应考虑聘请独立的测试实验室来验证制造商的声明。（图3）图3展示了影响注塑零件质量的各种因素。这些变量必须在一个全面的质量体系内予以考虑。图4则表示了注塑产物生产中涉及的步骤，强调了早期问题检测的重要性。（图4）在产物生命周期的早期阶段，与后期可能需要废弃或召回产物相比，发现和解决质量问题所需的成本较低。图5提供了一个综合性流程图的示例，包括了材料、测试和过程的不同方面，形成一个完整的质量体系。这样的流程图通常是质量保证（QA）手册的一部分，记录了产物的计划、开发、生产和测试顺序。（图5）最后，详尽的文档记录，包括测试记录、批次编号等，是质量保证体系的关键方面。理想情况下，每个产物批次都应追溯到相应的树脂批次。在产物责任诉讼的情况下，QC记录会被仔细审查。不完整或可疑的记录可能会被完全拒绝。因此，对仪器校准、准确的测试结果和其他相关数据的细致记录对于经受审查和法律挑战至关重要。材料加工中的质量控制在材料加工中，质量控制（QC）对于确保最终产物的可靠性和一致性极其重要。根据所涉及的材料和加工类型，可以使用不同形式的材料。这些包括完全配制好待加工的树脂、带有额外配方成分的基础树脂、添加剂的浓缩物以及用于塑料和树脂制造的各种组分，如单体、催化剂、溶剂和添加剂。为了保持高质量标准，必须实施适当的质量控制措施。质量控制测试和分析的程度取决于应用的关键性和组分的变异性。在某些情况下，对完全配制的材料进行有限测试可能已经足够，而在其他情况下，对每个组分进行全面的定性和定量分析和测试是必要的。而当使用错误的添加剂或添加剂的量不正确时，则可能会发生故障。因此，需确保适当的质量控制程序以避免此类问题。许多质量控制方法与故障分析和测试程序存在重叠。然而，就质量控制而言，测试通常需要更多的数量化数据。尽管定性结果可能足够用于故障分析，但质量控制需要符合特定要求或规格的准确数值。质量控制需要定量数据，因此需要校准和参考标准。校准标准用于证明仪器或设备的正常运行。参考标准用作新样品的比较模型，可以是合格的产物、聚合物或添加剂。需要注意的是，包括校准和参考标准在内的许多材料可能会受到热、光和湿度等因素的影响。因此，正确的存储和定期检查对于确保这些标准的可靠性极其关键。许多标准方法概述了校准和参考标准以及其使用的程序。由于质量控制测试结果可能会在法律诉讼中进行交叉审查，确保方法符合所需的精度和准确性非常重要。尤其重要的是，证明准确性，因为如果重复性值不准确，则几乎没有价值。使用的标准必须是可靠的、完全可接受的，即，来自知名机构的标准可以加强质量控制程序的准确性。组成分析的重要性与应用在质量控制（QC）中，组成分析的程度取决于应用的重要性。以及最终产物配方中每种聚合物或添加剂含量的不可接受变化的可能性。所需的分析水平可以有很大的差异，从简单的红外（IR）验证以确保正确使用聚合物，到对包含填充剂、增塑剂、着色剂、稳定剂、抗氧剂、增强剂等复杂配方的全面定量分析。在某些情况下，材料可能含有用于识别目的的示踪元素，它们的存在也必须进行验证，以避免潜在的法律问题。通常，只有通过“不幸的经历”才能意识到所需的分析水平。例如，PVC使用错误顺序的增塑剂导致地砖失去了与地板的粘附力。事后看来，如果采用一种能确保正确添加增塑剂水平的方法，就可以防止这个问题。有时，也可以通过检查作为QC的一部分的常规机械或其他性能来检测配方错误。然而，某些错误可能要到数天、数月甚至数年之后才会显现出来，这时直接的组成分析就变得至关重要，尤其是如果它们不太可能被标准的QC测试检测出来。只有通过热稳定性或光稳定性测试才能明显地发现抗氧剂或稳定剂含量过低，或者存在不正确的化合物。如果这些错误未被发现，可能会导致长期问题或故障。例如，由于聚合物变黑或分解产物的释放导致的颜色不稳定可能在颜色变化等同于故障的应用中具有关键性。为了防止此类错误，所需的QC测试水平取决于产物的价格弹性和潜在的故障风险，尤其在涉及到个人安全或昂贵设备的风险时。在进行QC分析时，要分析的样品数量通常要比故障分析的样品数量更多。因此，速度和定量准确性是关键因素。在分析复杂混合物时，需要考虑分离技术的需求。虽然对整个配方进行的红外分析速度很快，但由于某些组分的含量较低或存在干扰，它可能无法提供定量测定。在这种情况下，可能需要气相色谱（GC）、液相色谱（LC）或热解析气相色谱质谱联用（TD-GC/MS）。GC对于挥发性组分特别有效，包括残留的未聚合单体，尽管将塑料引入GC中可能具有挑战性。热解析气相色谱通常是首选的方法，因为它允许直接分析固体样品，无需萃取或溶解。许多增塑剂和抗氧剂可以使用这种技术进行分析。对于塑料中抗氧剂的分析，差示扫描量热法（DSC）可以用作间接方法。这种方法特别适用于聚烯烃，并将氧化起始放热峰与抗氧剂含量相关联。另一种热分析方法，例如热重分析（TGA），则可以用于质量控制目的，利用失重的起始温度来确定热稳定性。除此之外，灰化也是一种常用的方法，用于确定填充剂和其他无机添加剂的残留物。然而，在某些情况下，灰化残渣的重量与填充剂的重量不相符。举例来说，当温度升高时，碳酸钙会释放出二氧化碳（CO2），导致其重量变化，与产生的氧化钙（CaO）而不是原始的碳酸钙（CaCO3）相对应。同样地，三水合氧化铝，一种用于阻燃的添加剂，当加热至200℃以上时会失去大量水分。值得注意的是，运输或储存条件的变化可能会影响材料的质量，即使它们在离开供应商工厂时是合格的。热量、湿度和环境条件等因素可能导致材料结晶、氧化或其他降解反应。因此，初始测试应考虑到这些变化的可能性以及它们对产物质量或加工的潜在影响。生死攸关的关键角色综上所述，塑料工业中质量控制，对于树脂生产商和聚合物加工商来说是生死攸关的问题。通过建立有效的质量保证体系、加强预防性失效分析和实施全面的质量控制，公司可以达到高水平的质量标准，满足市场需求，并保持竞争优势。参考文献：Ezrin, M. (2013). Quality Control—Preventive Failure Analysis. Plastics Failure Guide, 395–450.doi:10.3139/9783446428829.008永劫无间真人短剧,演员完美还原游戏角色,宁红夜太飒了
根据苹果官方宣传iPhone 13 Pro支持IP68级防水可在6米深的水下停留最长30分钟不过距离这款iPhone 13 Pro落水已经过去20分钟了根据机主透露这款手机掉下去的时候还开着闪光灯但是电话打不通可能是水下没信号
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