新能源专业受追捧、外企疯狂挖人,内燃机人才要断层?| 中国汽车报原创2019-03-30 00:43·中国汽车报编前:在公司发展过程中,人才并不像资本、技术、产物、市场等关键因素那样“显性”。但缺少吸纳人才、培育人才、留住人才的基石,无论整车还是零部件公司甚至整个汽车产业的发展,根本无从谈起。随着“新四化”的发展,我国汽车行业在人才的需求与供给上遭遇了新的“烦恼”。无论对公司还是产业的转型升级而言,人才必先行,这也是市场发展留给业界的一道重要新课题。从部分人士呼吁尽早出台“禁售燃油车时间表”,到多家车企宣布要全面实现电动化,再到海南省正式对外发布《海南省清洁能源汽车发展规划》,新能源汽车的发展前景一时间风光无两。不过,一面火焰,一面冰山。在资本和资源向新能源汽车领域倾斜时,传统燃油车在舆论上大有被冷落的架势。虽然汽车行业对此已形成正确的理性认识,但不得不说,外界对“禁燃”的渲染和过度反应还真造成了一些负面影响。比如,内燃机人才市场,着实经历了一番大起大落。专业发展经历低谷“随着大力推广,新能源汽车的概念已深入人心,带来的冲击也非常大。公众普遍认为,我国内燃机行业正逐渐没落,甚至大有被新能源动力替代的可能。”在吉林长春某大学攻读动力工程及工程热物理(内燃机方向)的刘强很无奈地告诉《中国汽车报》记者,“新能源汽车市场的火爆发展,让很多学生不再选择内燃机专业。”社会舆论营造的氛围,让很多大学生更加感到迷茫。“选传统汽车专业还是新能源汽车专业比较好?”在互联网上,提出此类疑问的网友不在少数。《中国汽车报》记者了解到,这两年,西安交通大学、哈尔滨工业大学、大连理工大学、吉林大学等很多高校的内燃机专业都招不满学生。上海交通大学机械与动力工程学院教授吕兴才告诉《中国汽车报》记者,2018年,内燃机专业的发展确实经历了最低谷。“那个时候,我非常焦灼,也很担忧。上海交通大学动力专业约有90名学生,专业课有6个方向可以选择。2017年以前,90人会有40个人选修我的课。但去年,最多的时候只有10个人。当时,我们的压力非常大。”他介绍说。事实上,不少汽车行业专家都在担忧内燃机人才发展的问题。同济大学教授李理光曾表示,要警惕内燃机人才断层。他提出,如果我国内燃机人才出现10年断层,那么我国工业将面临垮掉的风险,这将给汽车产业造成致命打击。在吕兴才看来,内燃机不可能完全消亡。不过,现在新能源汽车专业热门、内燃机专业遇冷的现象,肯定是不可避免的。他告诉《中国汽车报》记者:“我们现在已渡过最低谷,2019年的情况得到了很大的改善,我现在的90名学生,有30人选修传统内燃机课程。”对于学生扎堆新能源汽车研究方向,刘强告诉《中国汽车报》记者,涉及新领域,研究者比较容易出专利、发表文章,尤其是燃料电池方面。内燃机离不开试验数据的积累,周期比较长,没那么容易产生研究成果。技术攻关大有可为“未来,我国汽车技术路线肯定是多元化的。吕兴才表示:“如何迎合产业发展大势实现自我更新,对于内燃机行业的发展来说特别重要。在学科内涵中一定要把这些新的趋势包含进去,比如燃料电池也属于车用发动机,要把学术内涵和外延拓展得更宽。””内燃机实现零排放并非没有可能,各方都正在发力推动技术进步。去年11月,在江苏无锡举办的首届世界内燃机大会上,中国工程院院士苏万华介绍了其团队研发的柴油机多脉冲燃油喷射高混合率技术,热效率达到45.5%,排放满足国六b要求。据介绍,国际内燃机界把有效热效率达到60%作为短期奋斗目标,长期奋斗目标是有效热效率达到85%。先进燃烧、高增压、增压小型化、智能停缸、多系统多变量控制、余热回收等新技术将助力内燃机节能减排目标的实现。在2018世界内燃机大会上,一汽解放发动机事业部联合多方签署了《新一代燃料“零”排放高效内燃机联合研发》协议。此计划将于2020年正式完成,通过发动机制造商、高校以及燃油供应商共同努力,将开发新一代“超级燃油”,打造“零”排放高效内燃机。一位业内人士对《中国汽车报》记者表达自己的看法:“我国真正能够把传统技术做好,就已经是很大的突破了。目前,实现汽车设计到综合匹配再到性能集成的可靠性,是亟需突破的方向。”就业前景依然向好谈及今后的就业情况,刘强丝毫不担心。“内燃机专业毕业的学生,目前特别好找工作。一方面,新能源汽车市场走热在一定程度上导致内燃机专业的学生减少,人才市场处于不饱和状态;另一方面,现在一些外企,比如博世,AVL都在疯狂挖掘我国内燃机方面的人才。”他告诉《中国汽车报》记者,“这些外企掌握内燃机核心技术,比如,电控、高压共轨、喷油嘴、喷油泵以及调试标定等。事实上,由于关键性技术和专利在它们手中,市场的可观利润也被这些外企拿走了。”公司对内燃机专业人才的需求一直存在。吕兴才告诉记者,只有去年公司招聘传统动力方面的人比较少,今年的就业形势恢复了,依旧很好。他经常鼓励学生到零部件公司就业,如果能够实现技术突破,对整个行业的贡献会非常大。还有不少业内人士呼吁为内燃机“正名”,提出不应狭隘地理解这个专业,用“动力工程及工程热物理”或者“能源与动力工程”更准确。新能源汽车明星公司特斯拉,掌握的领先电池热管理控制技术,就用到内燃机专业的一些知识。针对学生的培养,吕兴才说:“每一年,我们都会对学生宣讲学科新的方向和内容,让他们清楚地认识到行业和市场的变化。”文:赵琼 编辑:庞国霞 版式:刘晓烨爆料热线:010-56002742;qcb010@163.com
2025年01月09日,演出结束后,评委们纷纷对苗清臣的精彩表演表示称赞,并且轮流夸赞他唱得好。
《卧槽这年轻人》完整版在线观看-新视吧影视
原本送一单正常的订单5元拼好饭多单一起送了平均下来变得一单就2块钱到手的配送费少了但是付出的体力劳动一点没少甚至还变多了
老崔真的累坏了,没一会儿就沉沉睡着了。定格精彩瞬间
产颈辩颈锄丑别苍驳肠丑补苍驳诲别飞别苍肠丑辞苍驳诲颈苍驳测补辞产别颈箩颈苍驳蝉丑颈箩颈补苍12谤颈飞补苍,尘别颈驳耻锄丑辞耻飞耻锄补辞辫补苍锄丑补苍驳诲颈别产耻测颈,诲补辞锄丑颈锄丑补苍驳蹿耻蝉丑辞耻锄丑补颈,苍补锄丑颈测耻产颈补辞辫耻锄丑颈蝉丑耻锄丑耻补苍诲颈别。蝉丑颈肠丑补苍驳箩颈虫耻驳耻补苍锄丑耻尘别颈驳耻辞锄丑补颈飞耻蝉丑补苍驳虫颈补苍飞别颈箩颈。尘别颈驳耻辞5测耻别尘颈虫颈别驳别苍诲补虫耻别虫颈补辞蹿别颈锄丑别虫颈苍虫颈苍锄丑颈蝉丑耻诲颈测耻测耻辩颈。
资(Zi)料(Liao)显(Xian)示(Shi),这(Zhe)架(Jia)班(Ban)机(Ji)从(Cong)莫(Mo)斯(Si)科(Ke)时(Shi)间(Jian)上(Shang)午(Wu)9时(Shi)27分(Fen)起(Qi)飞(Fei),预(Yu)计(Ji)于(Yu)美(Mei)东(Dong)时(Shi)间(Jian)27日(Ri)下(Xia)午(Wu)13时(Shi)40分(Fen)抵(Di)达(Da)华(Hua)府(Fu),目(Mu)前(Qian)未(Wei)有(You)详(Xiang)细(Xi)的(De)航(Hang)班(Ban)与(Yu)旅(Lv)客(Ke)资(Zi)料(Liao)。另(Ling)外(Wai)2 架(Jia)总(Zong)统(Tong)专(Zhuan)机(Ji)未(Wei)有(You)详(Xiang)细(Xi)资(Zi)讯(Xun)显(Xian)示(Shi)目(Mu)的(De)地(Di)。此(Ci)事(Shi)在(Zai)网(Wang)上(Shang)引(Yin)发(Fa)热(Re)议(Yi)。
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直(Zhi)播(Bo)吧(Ba)07月(Yue)14日(Ri)讯(Xun) 美(Mei)洲(Zhou)杯(Bei)季(Ji)军(Jun)赛(Sai),乌(Wu)拉(La)圭(Gui)获(Huo)得(De)季(Ji)军(Jun),加(Jia)拿(Na)大(Da)获(Huo)得(De)殿(Dian)军(Jun),赛(Sai)后(Hou)两(Liang)队(Dui)领(Ling)取(Qu)奖(Jiang)金(Jin)。
滨颁电话其次,这一改动也可能是比亚迪在欧洲市场加强品牌定位的一部分。通过去除特定标语,比亚迪可能试图打造更具欧洲风格和品味的形象,以迎合当地消费者需求。这有助于提升品牌在欧洲市场的认可度和竞争力。《卧槽这年轻人》完整版在线观看-新视吧影视
前面也说过瓦剌内部分裂严重在经过土木堡一战之后再想团结瓦剌已经变得相当困难瓦剌必须想办法避免和明朝的冲突
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