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于是,他开始减肥。

2025年01月05日,三餐吃太晚,基因都被“篡改”了!附每餐最佳时刻表原创2022-11-02 21:48·生命时报早晨赶时间省去早饭、中午工作拖延了午饭,晚饭更是基本上吃成了“宵夜”,现代人的一日三餐很难做到定时定点,总是一拖再拖。近日,哈佛医学院的研究学者发表文章称,「吃饭晚」会改变脂肪组织基因表达,从而诱发肥胖。《生命时报》结合新研究,采访专家梳理吃饭晚的危害,并给出一日三餐的最佳时刻表。受访专家北京大学第一医院内分泌内科主任医师 袁振芳西安交通大学第一附属医院临床营养科主任 李卫敏中国人民解放军第八医学中心营养科主任 左小霞哈尔滨医科大学附属第四医院消化内科主任医师 韩继武吃饭晚,改变脂肪组织基因表达这项刊登在国际期刊《细胞代谢(Cell Metabolism)》的研究显示,吃饭晚会从三大方面诱发肥胖:增加食欲、降低能量消耗、改变脂肪组织基因的表达。此研究共纳入16名超重或肥胖的参与者,他们的营养摄入、体育活动、睡眠和光照情况都被严格控制。每位参与者都会进行2个阶段试验,按照2种不同时间表吃相同的饭菜:①早进食,在早上9点、下午1点和下午5点左右吃三餐;②晚进食,在早食基础上推迟250分钟,即在下午1点、下午5点和晚上9点左右吃三餐。每个阶段为6天,在两个阶段之间会有3~12周的调整期。研究人员定期记录了参与者的饥饿感和食欲情况,并收集了血液样本、体温水平、能量消耗以及身体脂肪组织样本,比较两种进食模式发现:1. 晚进食会影响食欲调节激素与早进食相比,晚进食会使饥饿概率从10%左右增加到20%。参与者想吃东西或者暴食的欲望会加大,对高碳水、肉类、重口食物、乳制品等的渴望也会有所增加。2. 晚进食会降低白天醒着时的能量消耗延迟进食使参与者在白天醒着的16小时中,能量消耗比早进食的少5.03%。3. 晚进食会改变脂肪组织的基因表达其中,与脂质代谢途径相关的基因(绝对数量上)改变得最多,脂肪分解减少了,脂肪合成增加了,脂肪也就囤起来了。吃饭晚增加患病风险长期不按时按点吃饭会影响人体各个系统的工作,对健康极为不利。!导致肥胖长时间饥饿让人对食物非常渴望,更爱吃拆袋即食的垃圾食品,再加上缺乏运动,热量过剩,易导致发胖。!增加中风几率2011年欧洲心脏学会年会上公布的研究显示,晚饭吃得越晚中风几率越高。!胃癌风险高日本东京大学针对胃癌患者进行的研究发现,38.4%的人吃饭太晚或时间不规律。!影响睡眠胃肠被迫“加班”直接影响睡眠,导致入睡困难或多梦、浅眠甚至失眠等问题,时间久了让人无精打采,甚至导致记忆力衰退、神经衰弱等。!结石病高发进餐后4~5小时是人体的排钙高峰时段,晚餐吃太晚,当排钙高峰到来时人们已经入睡,尿液不能及时排出,尿中大量的钙就会沉积下来,久而久之可能形成肾、输尿管、膀胱和尿道结石。!情绪易失控饥饿感容易让人情绪失控、失去耐心,遇事容易急躁,控制不住地想要吵架、训斥别人。!易出事故吃饭太晚往往意味着饿得太久,可能导致低血糖,这对大脑功能损害很大,会使人注意力不集中,容易犯错和出事故。一日三餐各有推荐时刻表调节机体功能的昼夜节律及相应时段各种激素的分泌,决定了一天中什么时候吃东西更好。法国斯特拉斯堡大学学者总结了激素分泌与进食时间的关系:饥饿激素饥饿激素按脉动节奏分泌,一天中有三个分泌高峰——上午8点、下午1点和傍晚6点。在分泌高峰时,人的食欲和食物摄入量会增加。因此,人们惯在这三个时间段进餐。脂联素脂联素是葡萄糖和脂质代谢的重要调节因子,能够增加葡萄糖利用和胰岛素敏感性,最重要的是加快能量代谢分解,防止脂肪堆积。它的分泌时间最长,从上午10点延续到晚上8点,上午11点为分泌高峰。如果在晚上8点后大量进食,会因为缺少脂联素参与糖和脂类分解代谢,更易形成脂肪堆积。胰岛素胰岛素能促进葡萄糖和蛋白质的合成、储存,促进钾离子、镁离子、磷酸盐进入细胞,诸多慢性病都与胰岛素代谢异常相关。从下午2点到6点,胰岛素从胰腺产生;下午4点到5点达到峰值,这期间,由脂联素诱导的分解代谢变为由胰岛素诱导的合成代谢与之并行。瘦素瘦素从下午4点后上升,晚上7点达到峰值,在凌晨2点下降回基线水平。它能促使人减少食物摄入量,增加脂肪分解,抑制脂肪积累。进食时间大体应遵循上述规律,不过也不必过于严苛,可以结合自身情况调整,但不要暴饮暴食、节食减肥,做到三餐分配合理,定时定量。一般情况下,早餐安排在6:30~8:30,午餐在11:30~13:30,晚餐在18:00~20:00。每顿饭吃七八分饱,刚刚感到不饿即可。还有一点,人们对不同级别饱的感受,只有在专心致志进食的情况下才能感觉到,如果边吃边聊,或边吃边看电视,就很难感受到饱感的变化,从而导致饮食过量。▲本期编辑:邓玉版权声明:本文为《生命时报》原创,未经授权谢绝转载。

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2019年,一条去池上拜访蒋勋,当时他正在画池上的荷花就在乔治娜和母亲努力支撑着这个残缺的家庭时,更大的悲剧降临了。乔治娜的母亲在外出工作途中遭遇车祸,诲别蝉辫颈迟别全力抢救,还是永远地离开了这个世界。包含"白虎"、"色色"的内容视频社区在线,包含"白虎...

人老了就得开始慢慢接受这个现实:生命不是无止境的而是有始有终的

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