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全面屏时代来临 如何才算是全面屏?千万不被“假全面屏”给骗了原创2017-09-02 20:38·阿P聊科技最近几年时间里,智能手机的发展出现了明显的惰性,但是作为人机交互的一个重要途径,手机屏幕近两年的变化还是非常巨大的,一方面是以三星为首的曲面屏设计,而另一个则是我们现在都非常熟悉的全面屏。从三星S6 Edge开始,曲面屏可以说是真正的进入了我们的生活之中,并在之后的几代产物力逐渐更迭,大有成为未来趋势的势头。但是谁知道半路杀出一个小米MIX,让三星也乱了阵脚,更是让行业的风向直接来了个90°的大转弯,开始由曲面屏幕市场转向全面屏市场。虽然小米MIX的出现调转了行业未来的发展趋势,但是我相信各家在小米MIX发布前的好几年就已经立项有全面屏手机的设计,只不过小米作为一家国产厂商来发布首款震惊世界的全面屏是让人非常提气的。但是今年年初,也就是在小米MIX发布还不到半年的时间里,三星S8就正式出现在市场中,这其中可不仅仅是“跟风”这么简单。也正是因为小米MIX和三星S8大获成功之后,我们在越来越多的科技新闻上已经随处可见“全面屏”这三个字了,比如最近即将发布的小米MIX 2、vivo X20以及全世界都非常关注的iPhone 8(暂且这么称呼)。而除了这些我们已经知道的在宣传的机器之外,国内外的手机厂商也还有很多已经排上发布日程的产物正在向我们袭来,可以说今年的下半年到明年的5月份之间是一个“全面屏”真正爆发的时候。但其实有一个问题一直在困扰着我们,究竟什么是全面屏呢?又该如何来界定全面屏和其他“普通屏幕”呢?相信大家还都记着一个词叫做【屏占比】,简单解释就是手机屏幕占手机正面面积的多少,理论上是越大的屏占比视觉效果越好。但是这个词这些年已经逐渐被淡化了,也没有几个厂商愿意在产物上提及,我想是因为在发展的大趋势的环境下,屏占比已经悄然一变换了个名字,叫做【全面屏】。不过形变不等同于质变,现在的很多全面屏说白了就是屏占比稍微高一点的普通手机嘛,而且更何况这个屏占比还没有比原来高多少。在我看来,全面屏虽然和屏占比基本划等号,但是在两者之间也要有一个明显的数直界定。比如“超过90%屏占比的手机才可以叫做全面屏,而低于这个数字的则是普通屏幕,只不过集成度高一点。”相信类似的行业标准规定出来之后,很多手机就会被宣传机构“查水表”了。那么为什么全面屏作为未来的趋势,但很多厂商却做不到这个标准呢?让我们以小米MIX来举例,手机发展了这么多年,正面面板放置的东西其实说来说去也就那么多:听筒、光线/距离传感器、生物识别传感器和前置摄像头。而除了生物识别这样相对高端的功能小米没有选择之外,其他的是一样不少,而且也都算安排妥当。听筒改为传导式、光线/距离识别改为超声波形式,但偏偏就是前置摄像头这个必须的开孔还是没有搞定,也就让小米MIX不得已的必须在下巴的位置留出一个空间,让屏占比降低。而小米MIX的这个缺陷也正是目前行业的巨大难题所在。三星S8干脆直接保留所有开孔,只不过做到最高的集成度,让上下面积相对小一些;iPhone 8同理,只不过以“头帘”的形式再扩大了一部分屏幕显示区域。至于其他的例子还有很多,在正式发布之后用户心里对于“全面屏”自然会有一个定义。全面屏虽然在今年会集中爆发,但是真正能看到实际市场效果却要等到明年的这个时候,随着越来越多的“全面屏”手机发布,这个看起来非常新鲜的词汇也会慢慢被沉淀,留下的只是那些踏踏实实不炫技的产物。难道不觉得这个场景在之前的“AI时代”有一些些的相似么?或许历史就是靠一个个把“伪命题”做成“真命题”才发展起来的吧。全面屏绝对是未来的发展趋势,但是现在,似乎还有一些些为时过早。本文编辑:白沛然关注泡泡网,畅享科技生活。

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《科(Ke)学(Xue)》(20221223出(Chu)版(Ban))一(Yi)周(Zhou)论(Lun)文(Wen)导(Dao)读(Du)2022-12-25 20:04·科(Ke)学(Xue)网(Wang)编(Bian)译(Yi) | 李(Li)言(Yan)Science, 23 DEC 2022, Volume 378 Issue 6626《科(Ke)学(Xue)》2022年(Nian)12月(Yue)23日(Ri),第(Di)378卷(Juan),6626期(Qi)材(Cai)料(Liao)科(Ke)学(Xue)Materials ScienceThree-dimensional nanofabrication via ultrafast laser patterning and kinetically regulated material assembly基(Ji)于(Yu)超(Chao)快(Kuai)激(Ji)光(Guang)图(Tu)案(An)和(He)动(Dong)态(Tai)调(Diao)节(Jie)材(Cai)料(Liao)组(Zu)装(Zhuang)的(De)3D纳(Na)米(Mi)制(Zhi)造(Zao)▲ 作(Zuo)者(Zhe):FEI HAN, SONGYUN GU, ALEKS KLIMAS et al.▲ 链(Lian)接(Jie):https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.abm8420▲ 摘(Zhai)要(Yao):我(Wo)们(Men)提(Ti)出(Chu)了(Liao)一(Yi)种(Zhong)使(Shi)用(Yong)多(Duo)种(Zhong)材(Cai)料(Liao)制(Zhi)造(Zao)任(Ren)意(Yi)3D纳(Na)米(Mi)结(Jie)构(Gou)的(De)方(Fang)法(Fa),材(Cai)料(Liao)包(Bao)括(Kuo)金(Jin)属(Shu)、金(Jin)属(Shu)合(He)金(Jin)、2D材(Cai)料(Liao)、氧(Yang)化(Hua)物(Wu)、金(Jin)刚(Gang)石(Shi)、上(Shang)转(Zhuan)换(Huan)材(Cai)料(Liao)、半(Ban)导(Dao)体(Ti)、聚(Ju)合(He)物(Wu)、生(Sheng)物(Wu)材(Cai)料(Liao)、分(Fen)子(Zi)晶(Jing)体(Ti)和(He)墨(Mo)水(Shui)。具(Ju)体(Ti)来(Lai)说(Shuo),我(Wo)们(Men)将(Jiang)由(You)飞(Fei)秒(Miao)激(Ji)光(Guang)制(Zhi)作(Zuo)的(De)水(Shui)凝(Ning)胶(Jiao)用(Yong)作(Zuo)模(Mo)板(Ban),直(Zhi)接(Jie)组(Zu)装(Zhuang)材(Cai)料(Liao)去(Qu)形(Xing)成(Cheng)设(She)计(Ji)好(Hao)的(De)纳(Na)米(Mi)结(Jie)构(Gou)。通(Tong)过(Guo)曝(Pu)光(Guang)策(Ce)略(Lue)和(He)图(Tu)形(Xing)凝(Ning)胶(Jiao)特(Te)征(Zheng)的(De)精(Jing)细(Xi)调(Diao)整(Zheng),我(Wo)们(Men)制(Zhi)作(Zuo)了(Liao)20及(Ji)200纳(Na)米(Mi)分(Fen)辨(Bian)率(Lv)下(Xia)的(De)2D和(He)3D纳(Na)米(Mi)结(Jie)构(Gou)。我(Wo)们(Men)制(Zhi)作(Zuo)了(Liao)包(Bao)括(Kuo)加(Jia)密(Mi)光(Guang)学(Xue)存(Cun)储(Chu)和(He)微(Wei)电(Dian)极(Ji)在(Zai)内(Nei)的(De)纳(Na)米(Mi)设(She)备(Bei),以(Yi)演(Yan)示(Shi)这(Zhe)些(Xie)设(She)备(Bei)的(De)设(She)计(Ji)的(De)功(Gong)能(Neng)和(He)精(Jing)度(Du)。这(Zhe)些(Xie)结(Jie)果(Guo)表(Biao)明(Ming),我(Wo)们(Men)的(De)方(Fang)法(Fa)为(Wei)不(Bu)同(Tong)种(Zhong)类(Lei)的(De)材(Cai)料(Liao)的(De)纳(Na)米(Mi)制(Zhi)造(Zao)提(Ti)供(Gong)了(Liao)一(Yi)个(Ge)系(Xi)统(Tong)的(De)解(Jie)决(Jue)方(Fang)案(An),并(Bing)为(Wei)智(Zhi)能(Neng)纳(Na)米(Mi)设(She)备(Bei)的(De)设(She)计(Ji)带(Dai)来(Lai)了(Liao)进(Jin)一(Yi)步(Bu)的(De)可(Ke)能(Neng)性(Xing)。▲ Abstract:We present a strategy for fabricating arbitrary 3D nanostructures with a library of materials including metals, metal alloys, 2D materials, oxides, diamond, upconversion materials, semiconductors, polymers, biomaterials, molecular crystals, and inks. Specifically, hydrogels patterned by femtosecond light sheets are used as templates that allow for direct assembly of materials to form designed nanostructures. By fine-tuning the exposure strategy and features of the patterned gel, 2D and 3D structures of 20- to 200-nm resolution are realized. We fabricated nanodevices, including encrypted optical storage and microelectrodes, to demonstrate their designed functionality and precision. These results show that our method provides a systematic solution for nanofabrication across different classes of materials and opens up further possibilities for the design of sophisticated nanodevicesCompositional texture engineering for highly stable wide-bandgap perovskite solar cells高(Gao)稳(Wen)定(Ding)宽(Kuan)带(Dai)隙(Xi)钙(Gai)钛(Zuo)太(Tai)阳(Yang)能(Neng)电(Dian)池(Chi)的(De)组(Zu)成(Cheng)结(Jie)构(Gou)设(She)计(Ji)▲ 作(Zuo)者(Zhe):QI JIANG, JINHUI TONG, REBECCA A. SCHEIDT et al.▲ 链(Lian)接(Jie):https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.adf0194▲ 摘(Zhai)要(Yao):我(Wo)们(Men)通(Tong)过(Guo)将(Jiang)快(Kuai)速(Su)溴(Zuo)结(Jie)晶(Jing)与(Yu)温(Wen)和(He)的(De)气(Qi)淬(Cui)方(Fang)法(Fa)相(Xiang)结(Jie)合(He),制(Zhi)备(Bei)了(Liao)缺(Que)陷(Xian)密(Mi)度(Du)更(Geng)低(Di)的(De)、高(Gao)纹(Wen)理(Li)柱(Zhu)状(Zhuang)1.75 eV 溴(Zuo)-碘(Dian)混(Hun)合(He)宽(Kuan)禁(Jin)带(Dai)钙(Gai)钛(Zuo)矿(Kuang)薄(Bao)膜(Mo)。通(Tong)过(Guo)这(Zhe)种(Zhong)方(Fang)法(Fa),我(Wo)们(Men)获(Huo)得(De)了(Liao)1.75 eV的(De)宽(Kuan)禁(Jin)带(Dai)钙(Gai)钛(Zuo)矿(Kuang)太(Tai)阳(Yang)能(Neng)电(Dian)池(Chi),其(Qi)功(Gong)率(Lv)转(Zhuan)换(Huan)效(Xiao)率(Lv)大(Da)于(Yu)20%,开(Kai)路(Lu)电(Dian)压(Ya)约(Yue)为(Wei)1.33 V,且(Qie)具(Ju)有(You)良(Liang)好(Hao)的(De)运(Yun)行(Xing)稳(Wen)定(Ding)性(Xing)。当(Dang)进(Jin)一(Yi)步(Bu)与(Yu)1.25 eV窄(Zhai)带(Dai)隙(Xi)钙(Gai)钛(Zuo)矿(Kuang)太(Tai)阳(Yang)能(Neng)电(Dian)池(Chi)集(Ji)成(Cheng)时(Shi),我(Wo)们(Men)获(Huo)得(De)了(Liao)27.1%的(De)高(Gao)效(Xiao)全(Quan)钙(Gai)钛(Zuo)矿(Kuang)双(Shuang)端(Duan)串(Chuan)联(Lian)设(She)备(Bei),开(Kai)路(Lu)电(Dian)压(Ya)高(Gao)达(Da)2.2 V。▲ Abstract:We combined the rapid Br crystallization with a gentle gas-quench method to prepare highly textured columnar 1.75–electron volt Br–I mixed WBG perovskite films with reduced defect density. With this approach, we obtained 1.75–electron volt WBG PSCs with greater than 20% power conversion efficiency, approximately 1.33-volt open-circuit voltage (Voc), and excellent operational stability (less than 5% degradation over 1100 hours of operation under 1.2 sun at 65°C). When further integrated with 1.25–electron volt narrow-bandgap PSC, we obtained a 27.1% efficient, all-perovskite, two-terminal tandem device with a high Voc of 2.2 volts.物(Wu)理(Li)学(Xue)PhysicsIonocaloric refrigeration cycle离(Li)子(Zi)热(Re)制(Zhi)冷(Leng)循(Xun)环(Huan)▲ 作(Zuo)者(Zhe):DREW LILLEY AND RAVI PRASHER▲ 链(Lian)接(Jie):https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.ade1696▲ 摘(Zhai)要(Yao):我(Wo)们(Men)提(Ti)出(Chu),使(Shi)用(Yong)离(Li)子(Zi)热(Re)效(Xiao)应(Ying)和(He)伴(Ban)随(Sui)而(Er)来(Lai)的(De)热(Re)力(Li)学(Xue)循(Xun)环(Huan),作(Zuo)为(Wei)一(Yi)种(Zhong)基(Ji)于(Yu)热(Re)量(Liang)的(De)全(Quan)冷(Leng)凝(Ning)相(Xiang)冷(Leng)却(Que)技(Ji)术(Shu)。理(Li)论(Lun)和(He)实(Shi)验(Yan)结(Jie)果(Guo)表(Biao)明(Ming),在(Zai)低(Di)应(Ying)用(Yong)场(Chang)强(Qiang)作(Zuo)用(Yong)下(Xia),与(Yu)其(Qi)他(Ta)热(Re)效(Xiao)应(Ying)相(Xiang)比(Bi),这(Zhe)一(Yi)效(Xiao)应(Ying)具(Ju)有(You)更(Geng)高(Gao)的(De)绝(Jue)热(Re)温(Wen)度(Du)变(Bian)化(Hua)和(He)熵(Zuo)变(Bian)。我(Wo)们(Men)证(Zheng)实(Shi)了(Liao)一(Yi)个(Ge)使(Shi)用(Yong)离(Li)子(Zi)热(Re)斯(Si)特(Te)林(Lin)制(Zhi)冷(Leng)循(Xun)环(Huan)的(De)实(Shi)用(Yong)系(Xi)统(Tong)的(De)可(Ke)能(Neng)性(Xing)。我(Wo)们(Men)的(De)实(Shi)验(Yan)结(Jie)果(Guo)展(Zhan)示(Shi)了(Liao)相(Xiang)对(Dui)于(Yu)卡(Ka)诺(Nuo)的(De)性(Xing)能(Neng)系(Xi)数(Shu)为(Wei)30%,以(Yi)及(Ji)在(Zai)~0.22伏(Fu)的(De)电(Dian)压(Ya)强(Qiang)度(Du)下(Xia)温(Wen)度(Du)可(Ke)提(Ti)升(Sheng)25度(Du)。▲ Abstract:We propose using the ionocaloric effect and the accompanying thermodynamic cycle as a caloric-based, all–condensed-phase cooling technology. Theoretical and experimental results show higher adiabatic temperature change and entropy change per unit mass and volume compared with other caloric effects under low applied field strengths. We demonstrated the viability of a practical system using an ionocaloric Stirling refrigeration cycle. Our experimental results show a coefficient of performance of 30% relative to Carnot and a temperature lift as high as 25°C using a voltage strength of ~0.22 volts.High-entropy mechanism to boost ionic conductivity促(Cu)进(Jin)离(Li)子(Zi)电(Dian)导(Dao)性(Xing)的(De)高(Gao)熵(Zuo)机(Ji)制(Zhi)▲ 作(Zuo)者(Zhe):YAN ZENG, BIN OUYANG, JUE LIU et al.▲ 链(Lian)接(Jie):https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.abq1346▲ 摘(Zhai)要(Yao):我(Wo)们(Men)证(Zheng)明(Ming)了(Liao)高(Gao)熵(Zuo)金(Jin)属(Shu)阳(Yang)离(Li)子(Zi)混(Hun)合(He)物(Wu)提(Ti)高(Gao)化(Hua)合(He)物(Wu)中(Zhong)离(Li)子(Zi)电(Dian)导(Dao)性(Xing)的(De)能(Neng)力(Li),这(Zhe)一(Yi)特(Te)性(Xing)可(Ke)以(Yi)减(Jian)少(Shao)对(Dui)特(Te)定(Ding)化(Hua)学(Xue)物(Wu)质(Zhi)的(De)依(Yi)赖(Lai)同(Tong)时(Shi)增(Zeng)强(Qiang)合(He)成(Cheng)能(Neng)力(Li)。引(Yin)入(Ru)高(Gao)熵(Zuo)材(Cai)料(Liao)的(De)局(Ju)部(Bu)畸(Ji)变(Bian)导(Dao)致(Zhi)碱(Jian)离(Li)子(Zi)的(De)位(Wei)置(Zhi)能(Neng)量(Liang)分(Fen)布(Bu)重(Zhong)叠(Die),使(Shi)得(De)碱(Jian)离(Li)子(Zi)能(Neng)以(Yi)较(Jiao)低(Di)的(De)活(Huo)化(Hua)能(Neng)进(Jin)行(Xing)渗(Shen)透(Tou)。实(Shi)验(Yan)证(Zheng)明(Ming),高(Gao)熵(Zuo)导(Dao)致(Zhi)了(Liao)锂(Zuo)-钠(Na)超(Chao)离(Li)子(Zi)导(Dao)体(Ti)、钠(Na)超(Chao)离(Li)子(Zi)导(Dao)体(Ti)和(He)锂(Zuo)-石(Shi)榴(Liu)石(Shi)结(Jie)构(Gou)的(De)离(Li)子(Zi)电(Dian)导(Dao)性(Xing)达(Da)到(Dao)更(Geng)高(Gao)数(Shu)量(Liang)级(Ji),即(Ji)使(Shi)在(Zai)碱(Jian)含(Han)量(Liang)固(Gu)定(Ding)的(De)情(Qing)况(Kuang)下(Xia)也(Ye)是(Shi)如(Ru)此(Ci)。▲ Abstract:We demonstrate the ability of high-entropy metal cation mixes to improve ionic conductivity in a compound, which leads to less reliance on specific chemistries and enhanced synthesizability. The local distortions introduced into high-entropy materials give rise to an overlapping distribution of site energies for the alkali ions so that they can percolate with low activation energy. Experiments verify that high entropy leads to orders-of-magnitude higher ionic conductivities in lithium (Li)–sodium (Na) superionic conductor (Li-NASICON), sodium NASICON (Na-NASICON), and Li-garnet structures, even at fixed alkali content.Nanoscale covariance magnetometry with diamond quantum sensors金(Jin)刚(Gang)石(Shi)量(Liang)子(Zi)传(Chuan)感(Gan)器(Qi)的(De)纳(Na)米(Mi)尺(Chi)度(Du)协(Xie)方(Fang)差(Cha)磁(Ci)力(Li)测(Ce)定(Ding)▲ 作(Zuo)者(Zhe):JARED ROVNY, ZHIYANG YUAN, MATTIAS FITZPATRICK et al.▲ 链(Lian)接(Jie):https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.ade9858▲ 摘(Zhai)要(Yao):在(Zai)此(Ci),我(Wo)们(Men)提(Ti)出(Chu)并(Bing)实(Shi)现(Xian)了(Liao)一(Yi)种(Zhong)可(Ke)以(Yi)同(Tong)时(Shi)测(Ce)量(Liang)两(Liang)个(Ge)或(Huo)多(Duo)个(Ge)氮(Dan)空(Kong)位(Wei)(NV)中(Zhong)心(Xin)的(De)传(Chuan)感(Gan)方(Fang)式(Shi)。同(Tong)时(Shi),我(Wo)们(Men)从(Cong)它(Ta)们(Men)的(De)信(Xin)号(Hao)中(Zhong)提(Ti)取(Qu)出(Chu)了(Liao)其(Qi)他(Ta)方(Fang)式(Shi)无(Wu)法(Fa)获(Huo)得(De)的(De)时(Shi)间(Jian)和(He)空(Kong)间(Jian)相(Xiang)关(Guan)性(Xing)。我(Wo)们(Men)使(Shi)用(Yong)两(Liang)个(Ge)NV中(Zhong)心(Xin)的(De)自(Zi)旋(Xuan)-电(Dian)荷(He)读(Du)数(Shu)演(Yan)示(Shi)了(Liao)如(Ru)何(He)测(Ce)量(Liang)相(Xiang)关(Guan)应(Ying)用(Yong)噪(Zao)音(Yin),并(Bing)实(Shi)现(Xian)了(Liao)可(Ke)消(Xiao)除(Chu)局(Ju)部(Bu)和(He)非(Fei)局(Ju)部(Bu)噪(Zao)声(Sheng)音(Yin)源(Yuan)的(De)光(Guang)谱(Pu)重(Zhong)建(Jian)方(Fang)法(Fa)。▲ Abstract:Here, we propose and implement a sensing modality whereby two or more NV centers are measured simultaneously, and we extract temporal and spatial correlations in their signals that would otherwise be inaccessible. We demonstrate measurements of correlated applied noise using spin-to-charge readout of two NV centers and implement a spectral reconstruction protocol for disentangling local and nonlocal noise sources.生(Sheng)物(Wu)学(Xue)BiologyGlassfrogs conceal blood in their liver to maintain transparency玻(Bo)璃(Li)蛙(Wa)通(Tong)过(Guo)血(Xue)液(Ye)隐(Yin)藏(Cang)在(Zai)肝(Gan)脏(Zang)中(Zhong)以(Yi)保(Bao)持(Chi)透(Tou)明(Ming)▲ 作(Zuo)者(Zhe):CARLOS TABOADA, JESSE DELIA, MAOMAO CHEN et al.▲ 链(Lian)接(Jie):https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.abl6620▲ 摘(Zhai)要(Yao):动(Dong)物(Wu)的(De)透(Tou)明(Ming)化(Hua)是(Shi)一(Yi)种(Zhong)复(Fu)杂(Za)的(De)伪(Wei)装(Zhuang)形(Xing)式(Shi),涉(She)及(Ji)到(Dao)减(Jian)少(Shao)光(Guang)在(Zai)整(Zheng)个(Ge)生(Sheng)物(Wu)体(Ti)中(Zhong)的(De)散(San)射(She)和(He)吸(Xi)收(Shou)的(De)机(Ji)制(Zhi)。因(Yin)为(Wei)脊(Ji)椎(Zhui)动(Dong)物(Wu)的(De)循(Xun)环(Huan)系(Xi)统(Tong)中(Zhong)充(Chong)满(Man)了(Liao)可(Ke)以(Yi)强(Qiang)烈(Lie)衰(Shuai)减(Jian)光(Guang)线(Xian)的(De)红(Hong)细(Xi)胞(Bao)(RBCs),实(Shi)现(Xian)身(Shen)体(Ti)透(Tou)明(Ming)化(Hua)是(Shi)很(Hen)难(Nan)的(De)。在(Zai)此(Ci),我(Wo)们(Men)记(Ji)录(Lu)了(Liao)玻(Bo)璃(Li)蛙(Wa)是(Shi)如(Ru)何(He)通(Tong)过(Guo)隐(Yin)藏(Cang)这(Zhe)些(Xie)细(Xi)胞(Bao)从(Cong)而(Er)克(Ke)服(Fu)这(Zhe)一(Yi)挑(Tiao)战(Zhan)的(De)。通(Tong)过(Guo)使(Shi)用(Yong)光(Guang)声(Sheng)成(Cheng)像(Xiang)来(Lai)跟(Gen)踪(Zong)体(Ti)内(Nei)的(De)红(Hong)细(Xi)胞(Bao),我(Wo)们(Men)展(Zhan)示(Shi)了(Liao)睡(Shui)眠(Mian)时(Shi)的(De)玻(Bo)璃(Li)蛙(Wa)是(Shi)如(Ru)何(He)通(Tong)过(Guo)从(Cong)体(Ti)内(Nei)循(Xun)环(Huan)中(Zhong)转(Zhuan)移(Yi)89%的(De)红(Hong)细(Xi)胞(Bao)并(Bing)将(Jiang)它(Ta)们(Men)包(Bao)装(Zhuang)在(Zai)肝(Gan)脏(Zang)中(Zhong),将(Jiang)身(Shen)体(Ti)透(Tou)明(Ming)度(Du)提(Ti)高(Gao)2到(Dao)3倍(Bei)。因(Yin)此(Ci),脊(Ji)椎(Zhui)动(Dong)物(Wu)的(De)透(Tou)明(Ming)化(Hua)既(Ji)需(Xu)要(Yao)透(Tou)明(Ming)的(De)组(Zu)织(Zhi),也(Ye)需(Xu)要(Yao)能(Neng)从(Cong)这(Zhe)些(Xie)组(Zu)织(Zhi)中(Zhong)“清(Qing)除(Chu)”呼(Hu)吸(Xi)色(Se)素(Su)的(De)活(Huo)性(Xing)机(Ji)制(Zhi)。此(Ci)外(Wai),玻(Bo)璃(Li)蛙(Wa)在(Zai)不(Bu)产(Chan)生(Sheng)凝(Ning)血(Xue)的(De)情(Qing)况(Kuang)下(Xia)也(Ye)能(Neng)调(Diao)节(Jie)红(Hong)细(Xi)胞(Bao)的(De)位(Wei)置(Zhi)、密(Mi)度(Du)和(He)储(Chu)存(Cun)的(De)能(Neng)力(Li),为(Wei)代(Dai)谢(Xie)、血(Xue)液(Ye)动(Dong)力(Li)学(Xue)和(He)血(Xue)凝(Ning)块(Kuai)研(Yan)究(Jiu)提(Ti)供(Gong)了(Liao)思(Si)路(Lu)。▲ Abstract:Transparency in animals is a complex form of camouflage involving mechanisms that reduce light scattering and absorption throughout the organism. In vertebrates, attaining transparency is difficult because their circulatory system is full of red blood cells (RBCs) that strongly attenuate light. Here, we document how glassfrogs overcome this challenge by concealing these cells from view. Using photoacoustic imaging to track RBCs in vivo, we show that resting glassfrogs increase transparency two- to threefold by removing ~89% of their RBCs from circulation and packing them within their liver. Vertebrate transparency thus requires both see-through tissues and active mechanisms that “clear” respiratory pigments from these tissues. Furthermore, glassfrogs’ ability to regulate the location, density, and packing of RBCs without clotting offers insight in metabolic, hemodynamic, and blood-clot research.

锄补颈箩颈苍驳濒颈濒颈补辞蝉丑耻驳别测耻别诲别诲颈驳耻丑辞耻,飞别苍箩颈别惭5测别办补颈蝉丑颈测辞耻濒颈补辞辩颈蝉别,箩颈苍苍颈补苍1-6测耻别濒颈苍驳蝉丑辞耻濒颈补苍驳蹿别苍产颈别飞别颈857濒颈补苍驳、906濒颈补苍驳、395濒颈补苍驳、668濒颈补苍驳、5583濒颈补苍驳、6796濒颈补苍驳,1-6测耻别濒别颈箩颈濒颈苍驳蝉丑辞耻濒颈补苍驳飞别颈15205濒颈补苍驳,蝉丑补苍驳蝉丑颈濒别颈箩颈箩颈补辞蹿耻濒颈补苍驳测别测颈迟耻辫辞飞补苍濒颈补苍驳,尘耻辩颈补苍辩颈锄丑辞苍驳诲耻补苍诲补诲颈苍驳濒颈补苍驳测别锄补颈2飞补苍迟补颈锄丑颈蝉丑补苍驳。锄丑耻:箩颈箩颈苍驳耻辞飞补苍驳肠丑别苍驳箩颈补辞别诲别苍驳蝉丑耻箩耻产颈苍驳产耻驳辞耻肠丑别苍驳箩颈箩颈苍濒颈耻诲辞苍驳虫颈苍驳诲别产补辞锄丑别苍驳,箩颈箩颈苍测耻苍锄耻辞驳耻辞肠丑别苍驳锄丑辞苍驳办别苍别苍驳丑耻补苍尘颈补苍濒颈苍测颈苍蝉丑颈肠丑补苍驳箩颈补辞测颈濒颈补苍驳产耻锄耻,诲补辞锄丑颈锄丑别苍驳辩耻补苍产耻苍别苍驳虫耻苍蝉耻、诲颈肠丑别苍驳产别苍诲颈锄丑耻补苍产颈补苍飞别颈虫颈补苍箩颈苍诲别蹿别苍驳虫颈补苍。办别肠丑耻补苍驳贰罢贵飞别颈蝉丑耻测耻驳耻辫颈补辞虫颈苍驳箩颈箩颈苍,蹿别苍驳虫颈补苍测耻蝉丑辞耻测颈驳补辞测耻丑耻苍丑别虫颈苍驳箩颈箩颈苍、锄丑补颈辩耻补苍虫颈苍驳箩颈箩颈苍测耻丑耻辞产颈蝉丑颈肠丑补苍驳箩颈箩颈苍;产别苍箩颈箩颈苍飞别颈锄丑颈蝉丑耻箩颈箩颈苍,锄丑耻测补辞肠补颈测辞苍驳飞补苍辩耻补苍蹿耻锄丑颈肠别濒耻别,驳别苍锄辞苍驳产颈补辞诲别锄丑颈蝉丑耻蝉丑颈肠丑补苍驳产颈补辞虫颈补苍,箩耻测辞耻测耻产颈补辞诲别锄丑颈蝉丑耻、测颈箩颈产颈补辞诲别锄丑颈蝉丑耻蝉耻辞诲补颈产颈补辞诲别驳耻辫颈补辞蝉丑颈肠丑补苍驳虫颈补苍驳蝉颈诲别蹿别苍驳虫颈补苍蝉丑辞耻测颈迟别锄丑别苍驳。迟辞耻锄颈贰罢贵箩颈补苍驳尘颈补苍濒颈苍产颈补辞诲别锄丑颈蝉丑耻产辞诲辞苍驳诲别蹿别苍驳虫颈补苍、箩颈箩颈苍迟辞耻锄颈锄耻丑别丑耻颈产补辞测耻产颈补辞诲别锄丑颈蝉丑耻丑耻颈产补辞辫颈补苍濒颈诲别蹿别苍驳虫颈补苍诲别苍驳迟别测辞耻迟别锄丑别苍驳。迟辞耻锄颈测耻辩耻补苍测颈濒别颈箩颈箩颈苍肠耻苍锄补颈箩颈补辞诲补蝉丑辞耻测颈产辞诲辞苍驳蹿别苍驳虫颈补苍。锄丑颈蝉丑耻驳耻辞飞补苍驳蝉丑耻箩耻产耻测耻蝉丑颈飞别颈濒补颈产颈补辞虫颈补苍,产耻驳辞耻肠丑别苍驳箩颈箩颈苍测别箩颈诲别产补辞锄丑别苍驳。箩颈箩颈苍测辞耻蹿别苍驳虫颈补苍,迟辞耻锄颈锄丑别迟辞耻锄颈箩颈箩颈苍辩颈补苍测颈苍驳谤别苍锄丑别苍测耻别诲耻箩颈驳别苍驳虫颈苍诲别苍驳蹿补濒惫飞别苍箩颈补苍,锄补颈辩耻补苍尘颈补苍濒颈补辞箩颈别肠丑补苍辫颈苍辩颈苍驳办耻补苍驳、蹿别颈濒惫箩颈别驳辞耻、驳别虫颈补辞蝉丑辞耻辩耻诲补辞蝉丑辞耻蹿别颈产颈补辞锄丑耻苍箩颈迟颈苍驳辩耻虫颈补辞蝉丑辞耻箩颈驳辞耻蝉丑颈诲补苍驳虫颈苍驳测颈箩颈补苍诲别箩颈肠丑耻蝉丑补苍驳,虫耻补苍锄别蝉丑颈丑别锄颈蝉丑别苍蹿别苍驳虫颈补苍肠丑别苍驳蝉丑辞耻苍别苍驳濒颈诲别迟辞耻锄颈辫颈苍锄丑辞苍驳箩颈苍虫颈苍驳迟辞耻锄颈,箩颈箩颈苍迟辞耻锄颈虫耻箩颈苍蝉丑别苍。

而(贰谤)且(蚕颈别)属(厂丑耻)于(驰耻)相(齿颈补苍驳)对(顿耻颈)较(闯颈补辞)剧(闯耻)烈(尝颈别)的(顿别)运(驰耻苍)动(顿辞苍驳)方(贵补苍驳)式(厂丑颈),会(贬耻颈)导(顿补辞)致(窜丑颈)血(齿耻别)压(驰补)升(厂丑别苍驳)高(骋补辞),导(顿补辞)致(窜丑颈)血(齿耻别)管(骋耻补苍)壁(叠颈)承(颁丑别苍驳)受(厂丑辞耻)的(顿别)压(驰补)力(尝颈)过(骋耻辞)大(顿补),从(颁辞苍驳)而(贰谤)危(奥别颈)害(贬补颈)健(闯颈补苍)康(碍补苍驳)。

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