2024有哪些值得一看的美国高分电影?排行前十推荐每集都是车的番剧推荐-风水-大道家园
再比如，李建成、李元吉为何要绕那么大一个圈子，从玄武门入宫？最近的距离应该是出东宫重阳门，入太极宫长乐门，一里地而已，绕行玄武门却足足有八里地。
2024年12月24日，海德股份：上半年净利同比预增57.82%-67.11%
2024有哪些值得一看的美国高分电影?排行前十推荐每集都是车的番剧推荐-风水-大道家园
带顶顶去拍时尚杂志；
甚至还小题大做，派出了最先进的战斗机和导弹将其击落。在中方提出合理诉求，要求美国归还气艇残骸时，美国官员却嚣张地表示“没有这个打算”。今天才发现原来柳岩也有纹身
3.锄颈箩颈补办别测颈诲补颈诲补测颈虫颈别诲别肠丑辞苍驳辩颈肠丑耻补苍驳诲颈补苍，测辞耻虫颈补辞驳别箩耻别丑补苍辩颈，箩颈耻蝉丑颈蹿补苍蝉丑别苍诲别蝉丑颈丑辞耻驳补驳补虫颈补苍驳。虫耻补苍锄别驳补辞产颈补辞丑补辞诲别蝉丑耻颈诲补颈。飞别颈产补苍驳锄丑耻驳补颈辫颈蹿别苍驳迟补苍驳濒颈蝉丑耻苍濒颈迟辞苍驳驳耻补苍“锄辞耻肠丑耻”驳耻辞尘别苍，驳耻颈测补苍驳丑补颈驳耻补苍蝉耻辞蝉丑耻驳耻颈测补苍驳濒辞苍驳诲辞苍驳产补辞箩颈肠丑补苍驳丑补颈驳耻补苍测耻驳耻颈补苍虫颈苍辩耻丑补颈驳耻补苍办耻补颈蝉耻“箩颈别濒颈”，肠丑辞苍驳蹿别苍蹿补丑耻颈“测颈箩耻蝉颈锄丑辞苍驳虫颈苍”驳耻辞箩颈丑耻辞测耻苍锄丑辞苍驳虫颈苍“濒惫蝉别迟辞苍驳诲补辞”办耻补颈蝉耻测补苍蹿补苍驳诲别驳辞苍驳苍别苍驳，谤补苍驳驳补颈辫颈蹿别苍驳迟补苍驳濒颈锄补颈办辞耻补苍“濒颈苍驳”诲别苍驳诲补颈，辩耻别产补辞产补锄耻颈迟颈补苍锄耻颈尘别颈诲别驳耻颈锄丑辞耻飞别颈诲补辞诲颈测颈蝉丑颈箩颈补苍测耻苍诲补辞丑补颈飞补颈。
《科(Ke)学(Xue)》（20220527出(Chu)版(Ban)）一(Yi)周(Zhou)论(Lun)文(Wen)导(Dao)读(Du)2022-05-29 21:39·科(Ke)学(Xue)网(Wang)编(Bian)译(Yi) | 李(Li)言(Yan)Science,27 MAY 2022, Volume 376 Issue 6596《科(Ke)学(Xue)》2022年(Nian)5月(Yue)27日(Ri)，第(Di)376卷(Juan)，6596期(Qi)材(Cai)料(Liao)科(Ke)学(Xue)Materials ScienceFerroelectricity in untwisted heterobilayers of transition metal dichalcogenides过(Guo)渡(Du)金(Jin)属(Shu)二(Er)卤(Lu)族(Zu)化(Hua)合(He)物(Wu)未(Wei)扭(Niu)曲(Qu)异(Yi)双(Shuang)层(Ceng)中(Zhong)的(De)铁(Tie)电(Dian)性(Xing)▲ 作(Zuo)者(Zhe)：LUKAS ROG?E, LVJIN WANG, YI ZHANG, SONGHUA CAI et al.▲ 链(Lian)接(Jie)：https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.abm5734▲ 摘(Zhai)要(Yao)：具(Ju)有(You)面(Mian)外(Wai)铁(Tie)电(Dian)和(He)压(Ya)电(Dian)特(Te)性(Xing)的(De)二(Er)维(Wei)材(Cai)料(Liao)是(Shi)实(Shi)现(Xian)超(Chao)薄(Bao)铁(Tie)和(He)压(Ya)电(Dian)电(Dian)子(Zi)器(Qi)件(Jian)的(De)理(Li)想(Xiang)材(Cai)料(Liao)。我(Wo)们(Men)通(Tong)过(Guo)一(Yi)步(Bu)化(Hua)学(Xue)气(Qi)相(Xiang)沉(Chen)积(Ji)法(Fa)合(He)成(Cheng)了(Liao)未(Wei)扭(Niu)曲(Qu)、相(Xiang)称(Cheng)和(He)外(Wai)延(Yan)的(De)MoS2/WS2异(Yi)质(Zhi)双(Shuang)层(Ceng)材(Cai)料(Liao)，意(Yi)外(Wai)证(Zheng)明(Ming)了(Liao)OOP铁(Tie)电(Dian)性(Xing)和(He)压(Ya)电(Dian)性(Xing)。我(Wo)们(Men)得(De)到(Dao)的(De)d33压(Ya)电(Dian)常(Chang)数(Shu)为(Wei)1.95 ~ 2.09皮(Pi)米(Mi)/伏(Fu)，比(Bi)单(Dan)层(Ceng)In2Se3的(De)自(Zi)然(Ran)OOP压(Ya)电(Dian)常(Chang)数(Shu)大(Da)6倍(Bei)。通(Tong)过(Guo)改(Gai)变(Bian)MoS2/WS2异(Yi)质(Zhi)双(Shuang)层(Ceng)的(De)极(Ji)化(Hua)状(Zhuang)态(Tai)，我(Wo)们(Men)证(Zheng)明(Ming)了(Liao)相(Xiang)应(Ying)铁(Tie)电(Dian)隧(Sui)道(Dao)结(Jie)器(Qi)件(Jian)中(Zhong)隧(Sui)穿(Chuan)电(Dian)流(Liu)可(Ke)进(Jin)行(Xing)约(Yue)三(San)个(Ge)数(Shu)量(Liang)级(Ji)调(Diao)制(Zhi)。我(Wo)们(Men)的(De)结(Jie)果(Guo)与(Yu)密(Mi)度(Du)泛(Fan)函(Han)理(Li)论(Lun)是(Shi)一(Yi)致(Zhi)的(De)，这(Zhe)表(Biao)明(Ming)对(Dui)称(Cheng)性(Xing)破(Po)缺(Que)和(He)层(Ceng)间(Jian)滑(Hua)动(Dong)都(Du)产(Chan)生(Sheng)了(Liao)意(Yi)想(Xiang)不(Bu)到(Dao)的(De)性(Xing)质(Zhi)，而(Er)不(Bu)需(Xu)要(Yao)调(Diao)用(Yong)扭(Niu)曲(Qu)角(Jiao)或(Huo)摩(Mo)尔(Er)畴(Chou)。▲ Abstract：Two-dimensional materials with out-of-plane (OOP) ferroelectric and piezoelectric properties are highly desirable for the realization of ultrathin ferro- and piezoelectronic devices. We demonstrate unexpected OOP ferroelectricity and piezoelectricity in untwisted, commensurate, and epitaxial MoS2/WS2 heterobilayers synthesized by scalable one-step chemical vapor deposition. We show d33 piezoelectric constants of 1.95 to 2.09 picometers per volt that are larger than the natural OOP piezoelectric constant of monolayer In2Se3 by a factor of ~6. We demonstrate the modulation of tunneling current by about three orders of magnitude in ferroelectric tunnel junction devices by changing the polarization state of MoS2/WS2 heterobilayers. Our results are consistent with density functional theory, which shows that both symmetry breaking and interlayer sliding give rise to the unexpected properties without the need for invoking twist angles or moiré domains.化(Hua)学(Xue)ChemistryHydrotrioxide (ROOOH) formation in the atmosphere在(Zai)大(Da)气(Qi)中(Zhong)形(Xing)成(Cheng)的(De)氢(Qing)三(San)氧(Yang)化(Hua)物(Wu)（ROOOH）▲ 作(Zuo)者(Zhe)：TORSTEN BERNDT, JING CHEN, EVA R. KJ?RGAARD et al.▲ 链(Lian)接(Jie)：https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.abn6012▲ 摘(Zhai)要(Yao)：有(You)机(Ji)氢(Qing)三(San)氧(Yang)化(Hua)物(Wu)（ROOOH）是(Shi)用(Yong)于(Yu)有(You)机(Ji)合(He)成(Cheng)的(De)强(Qiang)氧(Yang)化(Hua)剂(Ji)。此(Ci)前(Qian)，研(Yan)究(Jiu)推(Tui)测(Ce)它(Ta)们(Men)是(Shi)在(Zai)大(Da)气(Qi)中(Zhong)通(Tong)过(Guo)有(You)机(Ji)过(Guo)氧(Yang)自(Zi)由(You)基(Ji)（RO2）与(Yu)氢(Qing)氧(Yang)自(Zi)由(You)基(Ji)（OH）的(De)气(Qi)相(Xiang)反(Fan)应(Ying)形(Xing)成(Cheng)的(De)。在(Zai)此(Ci)，我(Wo)们(Men)报(Bao)告(Gao)了(Liao)从(Cong)几(Ji)个(Ge)大(Da)气(Qi)相(Xiang)关(Guan)的(De)RO2自(Zi)由(You)基(Ji)中(Zhong)直(Zhi)接(Jie)观(Guan)察(Cha)到(Dao)ROOOH的(De)形(Xing)成(Cheng)。动(Dong)力(Li)学(Xue)分(Fen)析(Xi)证(Zheng)实(Shi)RO2 + OH快(Kuai)速(Su)反(Fan)应(Ying)形(Xing)成(Cheng)ROOOH，速(Su)率(Lv)系(Xi)数(Shu)接(Jie)近(Jin)碰(Peng)撞(Zhuang)极(Ji)限(Xian)。对(Dui)于(Yu)氢(Qing)氧(Yang)自(Zi)由(You)基(Ji)引(Yin)发(Fa)的(De)异(Yi)戊(Wu)二(Er)烯(Xi)降(Jiang)解(Jie)，全(Quan)球(Qiu)模(Mo)型(Xing)预(Yu)测(Ce)三(San)氧(Yang)化(Hua)二(Er)氢(Qing)摩(Mo)尔(Er)生(Sheng)成(Cheng)率(Lv)高(Gao)达(Da)1%，这(Zhe)意(Yi)味(Wei)着(Zhuo)每(Mei)年(Nian)约(Yue)有(You)1000万(Wan)吨(Dun)的(De)ROOOH生(Sheng)成(Cheng)。ROOOH在(Zai)大(Da)气(Qi)中(Zhong)的(De)寿(Shou)命(Ming)预(Yu)计(Ji)为(Wei)几(Ji)分(Fen)钟(Zhong)到(Dao)几(Ji)小(Xiao)时(Shi)。氢(Qing)三(San)氧(Yang)化(Hua)物(Wu)是(Shi)大(Da)气(Qi)中(Zhong)先(Xian)前(Qian)被(Bei)忽(Hu)略(Lue)的(De)一(Yi)类(Lei)物(Wu)质(Zhi)，其(Qi)影(Ying)响(Xiang)需(Xu)要(Yao)进(Jin)一(Yi)步(Bu)研(Yan)究(Jiu)。▲ Abstract：Organic hydrotrioxides (ROOOH) are known to be strong oxidants used in organic synthesis. Previously, it has been speculated that they are formed in the atmosphere through the gas-phase reaction of organic peroxy radicals (RO2) with hydroxyl radicals (OH). Here, we report direct observation of ROOOH formation from several atmospherically relevant RO2 radicals. Kinetic analysis confirmed rapid RO2 + OH reactions forming ROOOH, with rate coefficients close to the collision limit. For the OH-initiated degradation of isoprene, global modeling predicts molar hydrotrioxide formation yields of up to 1%, which represents an annual ROOOH formation of about 10 million metric tons. The atmospheric lifetime of ROOOH is estimated to be minutes to hours. Hydrotrioxides represent a previously omitted substance class in the atmosphere, the impact of which needs to be examined.Dynamic interplay between metal nanoparticles and oxide support under redox conditions氧(Yang)化(Hua)还(Huan)原(Yuan)条(Tiao)件(Jian)下(Xia)金(Jin)属(Shu)纳(Na)米(Mi)粒(Li)子(Zi)和(He)氧(Yang)化(Hua)物(Wu)载(Zai)体(Ti)之(Zhi)间(Jian)的(De)动(Dong)态(Tai)相(Xiang)互(Hu)作(Zuo)用(Yong)▲ 作(Zuo)者(Zhe)：H. FREY, A. BECK, X. HUANG et al.▲ 链(Lian)接(Jie)：https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.abm3371▲ 摘(Zhai)要(Yao)：贵(Gui)金(Jin)属(Shu)颗(Ke)粒(Li)和(He)可(Ke)还(Huan)原(Yuan)金(Jin)属(Shu)氧(Yang)化(Hua)物(Wu)载(Zai)体(Ti)之(Zhi)间(Jian)的(De)动(Dong)态(Tai)相(Xiang)互(Hu)作(Zuo)用(Yong)依(Yi)赖(Lai)于(Yu)与(Yu)周(Zhou)围(Wei)气(Qi)体(Ti)的(De)氧(Yang)化(Hua)还(Huan)原(Yuan)反(Fan)应(Ying)。透(Tou)射(She)电(Dian)子(Zi)显(Xian)微(Wei)镜(Jing)显(Xian)示(Shi)，当(Dang)系(Xi)统(Tong)暴(Bao)露(Lu)在(Zai)含(Han)氧(Yang)和(He)氢(Qing)的(De)氧(Yang)化(Hua)还(Huan)原(Yuan)反(Fan)应(Ying)环(Huan)境(Jing)中(Zhong)，在(Zai)还(Huan)原(Yuan)条(Tiao)件(Jian)下(Xia)观(Guan)察(Cha)到(Dao)的(De)、包(Bao)裹(Guo)在(Zai)二(Er)氧(Yang)化(Hua)钛(Zuo)上(Shang)的(De)金(Jin)属(Shu)-载(Zai)体(Ti)强(Qiang)相(Xiang)互(Hu)作(Zuo)用(Yong)（SMSI）诱(You)导(Dao)的(De)铂(Bo)颗(Ke)粒(Li)在(Zai)1 bar 压(Ya)力(Li)下(Xia)消(Xiao)失(Shi)了(Liao)。金(Jin)属(Shu)氧(Yang)化(Hua)物(Wu)的(De)不(Bu)稳(Wen)定(Ding)和(He)氧(Yang)化(Hua)还(Huan)原(Yuan)介(Jie)导(Dao)的(De)二(Er)氧(Yang)化(Hua)钛(Zuo)重(Zhong)构(Gou)导(Dao)致(Zhi)了(Liao)依(Yi)赖(Lai)于(Yu)纳(Na)米(Mi)粒(Li)子(Zi)取(Qu)向(Xiang)的(De)粒(Li)子(Zi)动(Dong)力(Li)学(Xue)和(He)定(Ding)向(Xiang)迁(Qian)移(Yi)。当(Dang)转(Zhuan)回(Hui)纯(Chun)氧(Yang)化(Hua)条(Tiao)件(Jian)时(Shi)，SMSI静(Jing)态(Tai)状(Zhuang)态(Tai)被(Bei)重(Zhong)新(Xin)建(Jian)立(Li)。这(Zhe)项(Xiang)研(Yan)究(Jiu)强(Qiang)调(Diao)了(Liao)反(Fan)应(Ying)态(Tai)和(He)非(Fei)反(Fan)应(Ying)态(Tai)之(Zhi)间(Jian)的(De)差(Cha)异(Yi)，并(Bing)表(Biao)明(Ming)金(Jin)属(Shu)-载(Zai)体(Ti)相(Xiang)互(Hu)作(Zuo)用(Yong)的(De)表(Biao)现(Xian)强(Qiang)烈(Lie)地(Di)依(Yi)赖(Lai)于(Yu)化(Hua)学(Xue)环(Huan)境(Jing)。▲ Abstract：The dynamic interactions between noble metal particles and reducible metal-oxide supports can depend on redox reactions with ambient gases. Transmission electron microscopy revealed that the strong metal-support interaction (SMSI)–induced encapsulation of platinum particles on titania observed under reducing conditions is lost once the system is exposed to a redox-reactive environment containing oxygen and hydrogen at a total pressure of ~1 bar. Destabilization of the metal–oxide interface and redox-mediated reconstructions of titania lead to particle dynamics and directed particle migration that depend on nanoparticle orientation. A static encapsulated SMSI state was reestablished when switching back to purely oxidizing conditions. This work highlights the difference between reactive and nonreactive states and demonstrates that manifestations of the metal-support interaction strongly depend on the chemical environment.地(Di)球(Qiu)科(Ke)学(Xue)Earth SciencePersistent influence of precession on northern ice sheet variability since the early Pleistocene早(Zao)更(Geng)新(Xin)世(Shi)以(Yi)来(Lai)岁(Sui)差(Cha)对(Dui)北(Bei)部(Bu)冰(Bing)盖(Gai)变(Bian)化(Hua)的(De)持(Chi)续(Xu)影(Ying)响(Xiang)▲ 作(Zuo)者(Zhe)：STEPHEN BARKER, AIDAN STARR, JEROEN VAN DER LUBBE et al.▲ 链(Lian)接(Jie)：https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.abm4033▲ 摘(Zhai)要(Yao)：100万(Wan)年(Nian)前(Qian)，全(Quan)球(Qiu)冰(Bing)量(Liang)的(De)变(Bian)化(Hua)主(Zhu)要(Yao)是(Shi)倾(Qing)角(Jiao)的(De)变(Bian)化(Hua)；然(Ran)而(Er)，岁(Sui)差(Cha)产(Chan)生(Sheng)何(He)种(Zhong)作(Zuo)用(Yong)的(De)问(Wen)题(Ti)仍(Reng)然(Ran)没(Mei)有(You)解(Jie)决(Jue)。通(Tong)过(Guo)过(Guo)去(Qu)170万(Wan)年(Nian)的(De)北(Bei)大(Da)西(Xi)洋(Yang)冰(Bing)漂(Piao)流(Liu)记(Ji)录(Lu)，我(Wo)们(Men)发(Fa)现(Xian)特(Te)定(Ding)冰(Bing)川(Chuan)周(Zhou)期(Qi)（反(Fan)映(Ying)了(Liao)冰(Bing)盖(Gai)的(De)扩(Kuo)张(Zhang)）中(Zhong)冰(Bing)漂(Piao)流(Liu)起(Qi)始(Shi)通(Tong)常(Chang)持(Chi)续(Xu)在(Zai)倾(Qing)角(Jiao)较(Jiao)少(Shao)而(Er)大(Da)规(Gui)模(Mo)冰(Bing)消(Xiao)融(Rong)事(Shi)件(Jian)都(Du)与(Yu)岁(Sui)差(Cha)的(De)最(Zui)小(Xiao)值(Zhi)相(Xiang)关(Guan)。此(Ci)外(Wai)，我(Wo)们(Men)的(De)研(Yan)究(Jiu)结(Jie)果(Guo)表(Biao)明(Ming)，在(Zai)中(Zhong)-晚(Wan)更(Geng)新(Xin)世(Shi)时(Shi)期(Qi)，由(You)岁(Sui)差(Cha)驱(Qu)动(Dong)的(De)大(Da)规(Gui)模(Mo)消(Xiao)融(Rong)事(Shi)件(Jian)与(Yu)冰(Bing)消(Xiao)期(Qi)之(Zhi)间(Jian)普(Pu)遍(Bian)存(Cun)在(Zai)关(Guan)联(Lian)。在(Zai)增(Zeng)加(Jia)发(Fa)生(Sheng)前(Qian)，倾(Qing)角(Jiao)本(Ben)身(Shen)就(Jiu)足(Zu)以(Yi)结(Jie)束(Shu)一(Yi)次(Ci)冰(Bing)期(Qi)循(Xun)环(Huan)，在(Zai)约(Yue)100万(Wan)年(Nian)以(Yi)后(Hou)，随(Sui)着(Zhuo)北(Bei)半(Ban)球(Qiu)冰(Bing)原(Yuan)的(De)南(Nan)延(Yan)，倾(Qing)角(Jiao)失(Shi)去(Qu)了(Liao)对(Dui)冰(Bing)川(Chuan)消(Xiao)退(Tui)的(De)主(Zhu)导(Dao)作(Zuo)用(Yong)。▲ Abstract：Prior to ~1 million years ago (Ma), variations in global ice volume were dominated by changes in obliquity; however, the role of precession remains unresolved. Using a record of North Atlantic ice rafting spanning the past 1.7 million years, we find that the onset of ice rafting within a given glacial cycle (reflecting ice sheet expansion) consistently occurred during times of decreasing obliquity whereas mass ice wasting (ablation) events were consistently tied to minima in precession. Furthermore, our results suggest that the ubiquitous association between precession-driven mass wasting events and glacial termination is a distinct feature of the mid to late Pleistocene. Before then (increasing), obliquity alone was sufficient to end a glacial cycle, before losing its dominant grip on deglaciation with the southward extension of Northern Hemisphere ice sheets since ~1 Ma.Where rivers jump course河(He)流(Liu)“跳(Tiao)跃(Yue)”的(De)地(Di)方(Fang)▲ 作(Zuo)者(Zhe)：SAM BROOKE, AUSTIN J. CHADWICK, JOSE SILVESTRE et al.▲ 链(Lian)接(Jie)：https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.abm1215▲ 摘(Zhai)要(Yao)：在(Zai)罕(Han)见(Jian)的(De)河(He)流(Liu)冲(Chong)裂(Lie)事(Shi)件(Jian)中(Zhong)，河(He)流(Liu)会(Hui)突(Tu)然(Ran)改(Gai)道(Dao)，导(Dao)致(Zhi)灾(Zai)难(Nan)性(Xing)的(De)洪(Hong)水(Shui)。由(You)于(Yu)数(Shu)据(Ju)稀(Xi)少(Shao)，对(Dui)冲(Chong)裂(Lie)位(Wei)置(Zhi)的(De)控(Kong)制(Zhi)知(Zhi)之(Zhi)甚(Shen)少(Shao)。我(Wo)们(Men)分(Fen)析(Xi)了(Liao)近(Jin)50年(Nian)来(Lai)的(De)卫(Wei)星(Xing)图(Tu)像(Xiang)，并(Bing)记(Ji)录(Lu)了(Liao)全(Quan)球(Qiu)113起(Qi)冲(Chong)裂(Lie)事(Shi)件(Jian)，发(Fa)现(Xian)了(Liao)三(San)种(Zhong)不(Bu)同(Tong)的(De)冲(Chong)裂(Lie)位(Wei)置(Zhi)控(Kong)制(Zhi)。扇(Shan)体(Ti)的(De)冲(Chong)裂(Lie)作(Zuo)用(Yong)与(Yu)谷(Gu)限(Xian)变(Bian)化(Hua)相(Xiang)吻(Wen)合(He)，而(Er)三(San)角(Jiao)洲(Zhou)的(De)冲(Chong)裂(Lie)作(Zuo)用(Yong)主(Zhu)要(Yao)集(Ji)中(Zhong)在(Zai)回(Hui)水(Shui)带(Dai)内(Nei)，表(Biao)明(Ming)洪(Hong)水(Shui)期(Qi)间(Jian)受(Shou)空(Kong)间(Jian)流(Liu)的(De)减(Jian)速(Su)或(Huo)加(Jia)速(Su)控(Kong)制(Zhi)。然(Ran)而(Er)，三(San)角(Jiao)洲(Zhou)上(Shang)38%的(De)冲(Chong)裂(Lie)发(Fa)生(Sheng)在(Zai)回(Hui)水(Shui)效(Xiao)应(Ying)的(De)上(Shang)游(You)。这(Zhe)些(Xie)事(Shi)件(Jian)发(Fa)生(Sheng)在(Zai)热(Re)带(Dai)和(He)沙(Sha)漠(Mo)环(Huan)境(Jing)里(Li)陡(Dou)峭(Qiao)、富(Fu)含(Han)沉(Chen)积(Ji)物(Wu)的(De)河(He)流(Liu)中(Zhong)。我(Wo)们(Men)的(De)研(Yan)究(Jiu)结(Jie)果(Guo)表(Biao)明(Ming)，三(San)角(Jiao)洲(Zhou)上(Shang)的(De)冲(Chong)裂(Lie)位(Wei)置(Zhi)是(Shi)由(You)上(Shang)游(You)的(De)洪(Hong)水(Shui)侵(Qin)蚀(Shi)程(Cheng)度(Du)决(Jue)定(Ding)的(De)，这(Zhe)种(Zhong)侵(Qin)蚀(Shi)通(Tong)常(Chang)局(Ju)限(Xian)于(Yu)回(Hui)水(Shui)区(Qu)，但(Dan)在(Zai)陡(Dou)峭(Qiao)的(De)含(Han)沙(Sha)河(He)流(Liu)中(Zhong)可(Ke)以(Yi)向(Xiang)上(Shang)游(You)延(Yan)伸(Shen)。我(Wo)们(Men)的(De)研(Yan)究(Jiu)发(Fa)现(Xian)阐(Chan)明(Ming)了(Liao)冲(Chong)裂(Lie)灾(Zai)害(Hai)可(Ke)能(Neng)如(Ru)何(He)响(Xiang)应(Ying)土(Tu)地(Di)使(Shi)用(Yong)和(He)气(Qi)候(Hou)变(Bian)化(Hua)。▲ Abstract：Rivers can abruptly shift pathways in rare events called avulsions, which cause devastating floods. The controls on avulsion locations are poorly understood as a result of sparse data on such features. We analyzed nearly 50 years of satellite imagery and documented 113 avulsions across the globe that indicate three distinct controls on avulsion location. Avulsions on fans coincide with valley-confinement change, whereas avulsions on deltas are primarily clustered within the backwater zone, indicating a control by spatial flow deceleration or acceleration during floods. However, 38% of avulsions on deltas occurred upstream of backwater effects. These events occurred in steep, sediment-rich rivers in tropical and desert environments. Our results indicate that avulsion location on deltas is set by the upstream extent of flood-driven erosion, which is typically limited to the backwater zone but can extend far upstream in steep, sediment-laden rivers. Our findings elucidate how avulsion hazards might respond to land use and climate change.Models predict planned phosphorus load reduction will make Lake Erie more toxic模(Mo)型(Xing)预(Yu)测(Ce)计(Ji)划(Hua)中(Zhong)的(De)磷(Lin)负(Fu)荷(He)减(Jian)少(Shao)将(Jiang)使(Shi)伊(Yi)利(Li)湖(Hu)的(De)毒(Du)性(Xing)更(Geng)大(Da)▲ 作(Zuo)者(Zhe)：FERDI L. HELLWEGER, ROBBIE M. MARTIN, FALK EIGEMANN et al.▲ 链(Lian)接(Jie)：https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.abm6791▲ 摘(Zhai)要(Yao)：有(You)害(Hai)的(De)蓝(Lan)藻(Zao)菌(Jun)是(Shi)一(Yi)个(Ge)全(Quan)球(Qiu)性(Xing)的(De)环(Huan)境(Jing)问(Wen)题(Ti)，但(Dan)我(Wo)们(Men)缺(Que)乏(Fa)对(Dui)有(You)毒(Du)与(Yu)非(Fei)有(You)毒(Du)的(De)菌(Jun)株(Zhu)生(Sheng)态(Tai)和(He)毒(Du)素(Su)生(Sheng)产(Chan)的(De)可(Ke)操(Cao)作(Zuo)的(De)了(Liao)解(Jie)。我(Wo)们(Men)进(Jin)行(Xing)了(Liao)一(Yi)项(Xiang)包(Bao)含(Han)103篇(Pian)论(Lun)文(Wen)的(De)大(Da)规(Gui)模(Mo)荟(Zuo)萃(Zuo)分(Fen)析(Xi)，并(Bing)利(Li)用(Yong)它(Ta)开(Kai)发(Fa)了(Liao)一(Yi)个(Ge)微(Wei)囊(Nang)藻(Zao)生(Sheng)长(Chang)和(He)微(Wei)囊(Nang)藻(Zao)毒(Du)素(Su)产(Chan)生(Sheng)的(De)机(Ji)械(Xie)性(Xing)代(Dai)理(Li)人(Ren)基(Ji)模(Mo)型(Xing)。对(Dui)伊(Yi)利(Li)湖(Hu)的(De)模(Mo)拟(Ni)表(Biao)明(Ming)，在(Zai)2014年(Nian)托(Tuo)莱(Lai)多(Duo)饮(Yin)用(Yong)水(Shui)危(Wei)机(Ji)期(Qi)间(Jian)，观(Guan)察(Cha)到(Dao)的(De)产(Chan)毒(Du)素(Su)到(Dao)非(Fei)产(Chan)毒(Du)素(Su)的(De)菌(Jun)株(Zhu)演(Yan)替(Ti)是(Shi)由(You)不(Bu)同(Tong)的(De)细(Xi)胞(Bao)氧(Yang)化(Hua)应(Ying)激(Ji)缓(Huan)解(Jie)策(Ce)略(Lue)（微(Wei)囊(Nang)藻(Zao)毒(Du)素(Su)保(Bao)护(Hu)vs酶(Mei)降(Jiang)解(Jie)）和(He)这(Zhe)些(Xie)机(Ji)制(Zhi)对(Dui)氮(Dan)的(De)不(Bu)同(Tong)易(Yi)感(Gan)度(Du)所(Suo)控(Kong)制(Zhi)的(De)。这(Zhe)个(Ge)模(Mo)型(Xing)以(Yi)及(Ji)一(Yi)个(Ge)更(Geng)简(Jian)单(Dan)的(De)经(Jing)验(Yan)模(Mo)型(Xing)，都(Du)预(Yu)测(Ce)计(Ji)划(Hua)中(Zhong)的(De)磷(Lin)负(Fu)荷(He)减(Jian)少(Shao)将(Jiang)降(Jiang)低(Di)生(Sheng)物(Wu)量(Liang)，但(Dan)使(Shi)氮(Dan)和(He)光(Guang)更(Geng)容(Rong)易(Yi)获(Huo)得(De)，这(Zhe)将(Jiang)增(Zeng)加(Jia)毒(Du)素(Su)的(De)产(Chan)生(Sheng)，有(You)利(Li)于(Yu)产(Chan)毒(Du)细(Xi)胞(Bao)，并(Bing)增(Zeng)加(Jia)毒(Du)素(Su)浓(Nong)度(Du)。▲ Abstract：Harmful cyanobacteria are a global environmental problem, yet we lack actionable understanding of toxigenic versus nontoxigenic strain ecology and toxin production. We performed a large-scale meta-analysis including 103 papers and used it to develop a mechanistic, agent-based model of Microcystis growth and microcystin production. Simulations for Lake Erie suggest that the observed toxigenic-to-nontoxigenic strain succession during the 2014 Toledo drinking water crisis was controlled by different cellular oxidative stress mitigation strategies (protection by microcystin versus degradation by enzymes) and the different susceptibility of those mechanisms to nitrogen limitation. This model, as well as a simpler empirical one, predicts that the planned phosphorus load reduction will lower biomass but make nitrogen and light more available, which will increase toxin production, favor toxigenic cells, and increase toxin concentrations.
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我们应当在互相尊重的基础上推动与中国的互利共赢合作中国公司在中东欧特别是在匈牙利的投资极大促进了匈牙利经济增长在匈牙利外长西雅尔多看来中国是战略合作伙伴和重要发展机遇匈牙利欢迎中国投资反对脱钩断链坚定支持中国-中东欧合作和欧中关系向前发展