《断剑电视剧全集》电影全集在线观看-如如影视
“人世间的关系,远比预想的更脆弱,是一个需要细斟慢酌的过程。”
2025年01月10日,趋势本身,一定是大于乖离的。
《断剑电视剧全集》电影全集在线观看-如如影视
没想到我妈直接没给他脸他有点不知所措有点忘记事先设想的台词我妈给他示好时他得轴一会他得装腔作势晾一会
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//? kezhuanzhaichengshifandan? //wuzonghongdejiaxiangshiyigedianxingdenongyeshequ,mianlinzhuoxuduofazhanwenti,birunongzuowudezhongzhijishuluohou、nongchanpindexiaoshouqudaoyouxiandeng。wuzonghongyishidao,takeyitongguozijisuoxuedezhishihejineng,bangzhujiaxiangjiejuezhexiewenti。takaishicanyudaogezhongshehuishijianhuodongzhong,jiangketangshangxuedaodenongyekeji、shichangyingxiaodengzhishiyingyongdaoshijizhong。
在(窜补颈)充(颁丑辞苍驳)分(贵别苍)的(顿别)地(顿颈)面(惭颈补苍)准(窜丑耻苍)备(叠别颈)后(贬辞耻),我(奥辞)们(惭别苍)将(闯颈补苍驳)正(窜丑别苍驳)式(厂丑颈)登(顿别苍驳)机(闯颈)飞(贵别颈)行(齿颈苍驳)。
fanyinghouchulidechangguifangfa2019-04-01 15:42·shiyangubaocengsepu,huochengbaocengcengxi(thin-layer chromatography),shiyitubuyuzhichibanshangdezhichiwuzuoweigudingxiang,yiheshiderongjiweiliudongxiang,duihunheyangpinjinxingdingxingyudingliangfenxi、fenlihejiandingdeyizhongcengxifenlijishu。20shiji50niandaicongjingdianzhusepufajizhisepufadejichushangfazhanqilaideyizhongpingmiansepujishu;zhi20shiji60niandaihou,renmenduibaocengsepufazaishiyongqicaideguige、caozuofangfajishuyushiyongdebiaozhunhuadengfangmianjinxingliaodaliangdegongzuo,shigaifangfariquchengshuhewanshan,guangfandiyingyongyuyoujihechengzhong。TLCbaocengcengxijishuzuoweiyoujihechengzhong,zuizhijiedejiancefanyingdeshouduan,benwenduiqineirongjinxingjiandandejieshao,ciwenyitupianxingshichengxian,feiWiFishendian。zuoquzuoquyouchengrongjizuoquhuoyeyezuoqu(yiqubieyuguyezuoqu,jijinqu),yichengchouti(tongyongyushiyoulianzhigongye),shiyizhongyongyetaidezuoqujichuliyuzhibuhurongdeshuangzufenhuoduozufenrongye,shixianzufenfenlidechuanzhifenliguocheng,shiyizhongguangfanyingyongdedanyuancaozuo。liyongxiangsixiangrongyuanli,zuoquyouliangzhongfangshi:yi、ye-yezuoqu,yongxuandingderongjifenliyetihunhewuzhongmouzhongzufen,rongjibixuyubeizuoqudehunhewuyetibuxiangrong,juyouxuanzexingderongjienengli,erqiebixuyouhaoderewendingxinghehuaxuewendingxing,bingyouxiaodeduxinghefushixing。ruyongbenfenlimeijiaoyouzhongdefen;yongyoujirongjifenlishiyouliufenzhongdexiting; yongCCl4zuoqushuizhongdeBr2. er、gu-yezuoqu,yejiaojinqu,yongrongjifenligutihunhewuzhongdezufen,ruyongshuijinqutiancaizhongdetanglei;yongjiujingjinquhuangdouzhongdedouyouyitigaoyouchanliang;yongshuicongzhongyaozhongjinquyouxiaochengfenyizhiquliujingaojiao“shenli”huo“jinli”。suiranzuoqujingchangbeiyongzaihuaxueshiyanzhong,dantadecaozuoguochengbingbuzaochengbeizuoquwuzhihuaxuechengfendegaibian(huoshuohuaxuefanying),suoyizuoqucaozuoshiyigewuliguocheng。zuoqushiyoujihuaxueshiyanshizhongyonglaitichunhechunhuahuahewudeshouduanzhiyi。tongguozuoqu,nengconggutihuoyetihunhewuzhongtiquchusuoxuyaodehuahewu。zhelijieshaochangyongdeye-yezuoqu。yuanliliyonghuahewuzailiangzhonghubuxiangrong(huoweirong)derongjizhongrongjieduhuofenpeixishudebutong,shihuahewucongyizhongrongjineizhuanyidaolingwaiyizhongrongjizhong。jingguofanfuduocizuoqu,jiangjuedabufendehuahewutiquchulai。fenpeidinglvshizuoqufangfalilundezhuyaoyiju,wuzhiduibutongderongjiyouzhuobutongderongjiedu。tongshi,zailiangzhonghubuxiangrongderongjizhong,jiarumouzhongkerongxingdewuzhishi,tanengfenbierongjieyuliangzhongrongjizhong,shiyanzhengming,zaiyidingwenduxia,gaihuahewuyuciliangzhongrongjibufashengfenjie、dianjie、diheherongjihuadengzuoyongshi,cihuahewuzailiangyecengzhongzhibishiyigedingzhi。bulunsuojiawuzhideliangshiduoshao,dushiruci。shuyuwulibianhua。yonggongshibiaoshi。CA/CB=KCA,CBfenbiebiaoshiyizhonghuahewuzailiangzhonghubuxiangrongdirongjizhongdeliangnongdu。Kshiyigechangshu,chengwei“fenpeixishu”。youjihuahewuzaiyoujirongjizhongyibanbizaishuizhongrongjieduda。yongyoujirongjitiqurongjieyushuidehuahewushizuoqudedianxingshili。zaizuoqushi,ruozaishuirongyezhongjiaruyidingliangdedianjiezhi(rulvhuana),liyong“yanxixiaoying”yijiangdiyoujiwuhezuoqurongjizaishuirongyezhongderongjiedu,changketigaozuoquxiaoguo。yaobasuoxuyaodehuahewucongrongyezhongwanquanzuoquchulai,tongchangzuoquyicishibugoude,bixuzhongfuzuoqushuci。liyongfenpeidinglvdeguanxi,keyisuanchujingguozuoquhouhuahewudeshengyuliang。she:Vweiyuanrongyedetijiw0weizuoquqianhuahewudezongliangw1weizuoquyicihouhuahewudeshengyuliangw2weizuoquercihouhuahewudeshengyuliangw3weizuoquncihouhuahewudeshengyuliangSweizuoqurongyedetijijingyicizuoqu,yuanrongyezhonggaihuahewudenongduweiw1/V;erzuoqurongjizhonggaihuahewudenongduwei(w0-w1)/S;liangzhezhibidengyuK,huajianhoujide:w1= 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[KV/(KV+S)]w1yinci,jingncitiquhou:wn=w0[KV/(KV+S)]ndangyongyidingliangrongjishi,xiwangzaishuizhongdeshengyuliangyueshaoyuehao。ershangshiKV/(KV+S)zongshixiaoyu1,suoyinyueda,wnjiuyuexiao。yejiushishuobarongjifenchengshucizuoduocizuoqubiyongquanbuliangderongjizuoyicizuoquweihao。danyinggaizhuyi,shangmiandegongshishiyongyujihuheshuibuxiangrongdirongji,liruben,silvhuatandeng。eryushuiyoushaolianghurongdirongjiyimideng,shangmiangongshizhishijinside。danhuanshikeyidingxingdizhichuyuqidejieguo。yingyongzuoquyuqitafenlirongyezufendefangfaxiangbi,youdianzaiyuchangwencaozuo,jieshengnengyuan,bushejiguti、qiti,caozuofangbian。zuoquzairuxiajizhongqingkuangxiayingyong,tongchangshiyoulide:1、liaoyegezufendefeidianxiangjin,shenzhixingchenggongfeiwu,weijingliusuobuyizouxiaodechanghe,rushiyouliufenzhongwantingyufangtingdefenli,meijiaoyoudetuofen;2、dinongdugaofeizufendefenli,yongjingliunenghaohenda,ruxicusuandetuoshui;duozhonglizidefenli,rukuangwujinquyedefenlihejingzhi,ruojiaruhuaxuepinzuofenbuchendian,budanfenlizhiliangcha,youyouguolvcaozuo,sunhaoyeda;3、buwendingwuzhi(rureminxingwuzhi)defenli,rucongfajiaoyezhiquqingmeisu。zuoqudeyingyong,muqianrengzaifazhanzhong。yuansuzhouqibiaozhongjuedaduoshudeyuansu,dukeyongzuoqufatiquhefenli。zuoqujidexuanzeheyanzhi,gongyihecaozuotiaojiandequeding,yijiliuchengheshebeideshejijisuan,dushikaifazuoqucaozuodeketi。zuoquzhuyishixiang:1.danyizuoqurongjibunengyushuihunrong,zaishuizhongrongjieduhenxiao,huoburong;bunengyongjiachun、yichun、THFdengdanduzuoqu;bunengyonggaofeidianderongjizuoqu;2.chongfenzhidaozuoqurongjidebizhong,zhidaonacengshiyoujixiang;silvhuatan、lvfangheerlvjiawandebizhong>shui> jiaben、ben、shiyoumi、yimi、jiajishudingjimi、yisuanyizuo,qiejibachanwudaodiao。zaimeiquedingchanwunadaozhiqian,shuixiangheyoujixiangdubunengrengdiao;3.ruohouchulishiyoudalianggutixichu,yixianguolv,zaifencengzuoqu;4.chanwuzaishuixiangzhongruhuashi,tongchangjiarubaohedelvhuanashuirongye,jingzhicushifenceng;youshiguizaotuguolvyekeyiporu。5.zuoqushiyaoshaoliangduoci,danzuoqurongjiyushuirongyebilibunengtaixiao,tongchangkongzhizai0.2~1zhijian;6.zuoqushiyaojidefangqi,bimianchongye;7.duiyuzaishuizhongrongjieduhendadewuzhi,zuoqushiyibanyonghunherongji,ruerlvjiawanhuoyisuanyizuoyujiachun(huoqiyuxiaofenzichun)huoTHFjinxingdapei。wuzhideganzaofangfachuquguti、yetihuoqitizhongsuohandeshaoliangshuifenheyoujirongjidecaozuoguochengjiaoganzao。xuduohuaxueshiyanbixuzaiwushuitiaojianxiajinxing,zhejiuyaoqiusuoyongdeyuanliao、rongjiheyiqiduyaoganzao,shiyanguochengzhonghuanyaofangzhikongqizhongdeshuiqijinrufanyingqi, fouzejiangyingxiangchanpindezhilianghechanlv。youjihuahewuzaizhengliuqianbixujinxingganzao,yifangjiareshimouxiehuahewufashengshuijie,huoyushuixingchenggongfeihunhewu。cedinghuahewudewulichangshu,duihuahewujinxingdingxing、dingliangfenxi,liyongsepu、ziwaiguangpu、hongwaiguangpu、hecigongzhenpu、zhipudengfangfaduihuahewujinxingjiegoufenxiheceding,dubixushihuahewuwanquanchuyuganzaozhuangtai,cainengdedaozhengquedejieguo。2.2.1 jibenyuanliganzaofangfafenweiwulifangfahehuaxuefangfa。wulifangfayouziranlianggan、honggan、zhenkongganzao、fenliu、gongfeizhengliujixifudeng。ciwai,lizijiaohuanshuzhihefenzishaiyechangyongyutuoshuiganzao。lizijiaohuanshuzhishiyizhongburongyushui、suan、jianheyoujiwudegaofenzijuhewu。fenzishaishiduozhongguilvsuanyanjingti。yinweitamenneibuduyouxuduokongxihuokongxue,keyixifushuifenzi。jiarehou,youkeshifangchushuifenzi,gukefanfushiyong。huaxuefangfashiyongganzaojilaijinxingtuoshui。ganzaojianqituoshuizuoyongkefenweilianglei:diyileinengyushuikenidishengchengshuihewu,rulvhuagai、liusuanmei、liusuannadeng;dierleiyushuifanyinghoushengchengxindehuahewu,rujinshuna、wuyanghuaerlindeng。shiyanshiyingyongjiaoguangdeshidiyileiganzaoji。2.2.2 yetideganzao(1)liyongfenliuhuogongfeihunhewuqushuiduiyubuyushuishengchenggongfeihunhewudeyetiyoujiwu,lirujiachunheshuidehunhewu,youyufeidianxiangchajiaoda,yongfenliujikewanquanfenkai。youshikeyiliyongmouxieyoujiwuyushuixingchenggongfeihunhewudetexing,xiangdaiganzaodeyoujiwuzhongjiarulingyiyoujiwu,liyongciyoujiwuyushuixingchengzuidigongfeiwudexingzhi,zaizhengliushizhujianjiangshuidaichu,congerdadaoganzaodemude。liru,gongyeshangzhibeiwushuiyichundefangfazhiyijiushijiangbenjiaru95%deyichunzhong,liyongyichun、shuihebensanzhexingchenggongfeihunhewudetexingjinggongfeizhengliujiangshuidaichuqu。(2)shiyongganzaojituoshui①ganzaojidexuanzeganzaoyetishi,yibanshijiangganzaojizhijietouruqizhong。yinciyaoqiuganzaojibunengyubeiganzaodeyetifashenghuaxuefanying,bunengrongjieyubeiganzaoyetizhong。lirusuanxingwuzhibunengyongjianxingganzaoji。youdeganzaojinengyumouxiedaiganzaodewuzhixingchengluohewu, rulvhuagaiyiyuchun、anjimouxiequan、tongxingchengluohewu;yanghuagai、qingyanghuanadengqiangjianxingganzaojinengcuihuamouxiequan、tongdesuohejiyanghuadengfanying,shizuoleifashengshuijiefanyingdeng,gubunengyonglaiganzaozhexiewuzhi。xuanzeganzaojishihuanyaokaolvganzaojidexishuirongliangheganzaoxingneng。xishuirongliangshizhidanweizhiliangdeganzaojisuoxishoudeshuiliang。xishuirongliangyueda,ganzaojixishoushuifenyueduo。liruliusuannazuiduonengxingcheng10gejiejingshuideshuihewu,qixishuirongliangwei1.25;lvhuagaizuiduonengxingcheng6gejiejingshuideshuihewu,qixishuirongliangwei0.97,suoyiliusuannadexishuirongliangda。ganzaoxiaonengshizhidadaopinghengshibeiganzaoyetideganzaochengdu。duiyuxingchengshuihewudewujiyanganzaoji,changyongxishuihoujiejingshuidezhengqiyabiaoshi。ganzaojixishuixingchengshuihewushiyigepinghengguocheng,xingchengbutongdeshuihewupinghengshiyoubutongdeshuizhengqiya,shuizhengqiyayueda,ganzaoxiaoguoyuecha。ganzaohanshuiliangjiaoduoeryoubuyiganzaodehuahewushi,changxianyongxishuirongliangjiaodadeganzaojichuqudabufenshuifen,ranhouzaiyongganzaoxiaonengjiaoqiangdeganzaojichuqucanliudeweiliangshuifen。xuanyongshihuanyingzhuyiganzaojideganzaosuduhejiagedengyinsu。changyongganzaojidexingnengheyingyongfanweijianbiao2-1:biao2.1 changyongganzaojidexingnengheyingyongfanwei②ganzaojideyongliangkegenjuganzaojidexishuirongliangheshuizaiyetizhongderongjiedulaigusuanganzaojideyongliang。youyuzaizuoquhuoshuixishi,nanyibashuiwanquanfenjing,yinciyibanqingkuangxia,ganzaojideshijiyongliangdudayulilunzhi。lingwai,duiyujixingwuzhihehanqinshuixingjituandeyetihuahewu,ganzaojixuguoliangyixie。danganzaojideyongliangbuyiguoduo,yinganzaojibiaomianhuixifubufenchanpin,zaochengchanpindesunshi。youyuyetizhongdeshuifenhanliangbudeng,ganzaojidezhiliang、kelidaxiaoheganzaoshidewendubutong,yijiganzaojiyekenengxishouyixiefuchanwudeng,yincihennanguidingganzaojidejutiyong,datishangshuo,mei10mLyetiyuexu0.5~1gganzaoji。③shiyancaozuojiangbeiganzaoyetideshuifenjinkenengfenliganjing,fenyeshiruoyouyixiexuzhuangwu,ningkeqidiao。jiangyetifangyuyigeganzaodezhuixingpingzhong,xianjiarushaoliangganzaoji,saihaosaizi,zhenyaozhuixingping,ruguoganzaojiyifuzhuozaipingdibingzhanjiezaiyiqi,shuomingganzaojiyongliangbugou,yingzaitianjiayixie,zhidaopingzhongmingxiankandaosongdongdeganzaojikeli,zaifangzhiyiduanshijian(zhishaobanxiaoshi)。youshi,jiaruganzaojihouhuichuxianshaoliangshuiceng,zheshiyingxiaoxindiyongdiguanxiqushuiceng,zaijiaruxindeganzaoji。yingdangzhuyi,jiaruganzaojihouyetiyouhunzhuobianchengqingbingbushuominggaiyetiyijingganzao。toumingyufou,yuhuahewuzaishuizhongderongjieduyouguan。kuaizhuangganzaojirulvhuagai,shiyongshiyingposuichenghuangdoudaxiaodekeli,kelitaidazebiaomianjixiao,xishuihuanman;kelitaixiaozehuixifujiaoduoyeti,qienanyiguolvfenli。ganzaojixishuixingchengshuihewudeguochengshigekeniguocheng,gaowenshishuihewuhuishishui,jiangdiganzaoxingneng。yinci,zhengliuqianbixubaganzaojilvdiao。mouxieganzaoji(rujinshuna、wuyanghuaerlin)yushuishengchengbijiaowendingdechanwu,youshibubiguolv,kezhijiejinxingzhengliu。2.2.3 gutideganzaogutiwuzhideganzao,zhuyaoshichuqucanliuzaigutishangdeshaoliangdifeidianrongji,rushui、yichun、yimi、bingtonghebendeng。(1)ziranliangganziranganzaoshiyongyuzaikongqizhongwending、bufenjie、buxichaodeguti。ganzaoshi,badaiganzaodewuzhifangzaiganzaojiejingdebiaomianminhuoqitaqiminshang,baobaoditankai,shangfulvzhi,rangqizaikongqizhongmanmanlianggan。(2)hongganduirewending、buyishenghua、rongdianjiaogaodehuahewukeyiyonghengwenhongxianghuohongwaiganzaoxianghonggan。yingkongzhihaojiarewendu,yifangyangpinbianhuang、ronghuashenzhifenjie、tanhua。hanyourongjidegutikenengzaidiyuqirongdianwenduxiarongrong。hongganshiyingjingchangfandong、yifangjiekuai。(3)ganzaoqiganzaoduiyuyifenjiehuoyishenghuadegutibunengjiareganzao,kezaiganzaoqineiganzao。changjiandeganzaoqiweiyixialiangzhong。①putongganzaoqi(tu2.2),gaiyugangshenzhijiandepingmianjingguomosha,zaimoshachutuyirunhuayou,shizhimibi。gangzhongyouduokongciban,cibanxiamianfangzhiganzaoji,shangmianfangzhishengyoudaiganzaoyangpindebiaomianmindeng。②zhenkongganzaoqi(tu2.3),tadeganzaoxiaolvjiaoputongganzaoqihao。zhenkongganzaoqishangyoubolihuosai,yongyichouzhenkong,huosaixiaduanchengwangouzhuang,kouxiangshang,fangzhizaitongxiangdaqishiyinkongqiliurutaikuaijianggutichongsan。shiyongdeganzaojiyinganyangpinsuohanderongjilaixuanze。liru,wuyanghuaerlinkexishui;shengshihuikexishuihuosuan;shilapiankexishouyimi、lvfang、silvhuatanhebendeng。ganzaoqizhongyoushitongshifangzhiliangzhongganzaoji,ruzaidibufangzhinongliusuan,lingwaijiangshengyouqingyanghuanadeqiminfangzaicibanshang,jikeyixishoushuiyoukeyixishousuan,xiaoguogengjia。tu2.2 putongganzaoqi tu2.3 zhenkongganzaoqi2.2.4 qitideganzaoshiyanshizhongchanshengdeqitichangchangyousuanwu、shuiqiheqitazazhi。ruguoshiyanxuyaoduiqitijinxingjinghuaheganzao,suoyongdexishouji、ganzaojiyinggenjubutongqitidexingzhijiqitizhongsuohanzazhidezhongleijinxingxuanze。tongchangsuanwukeyongshuichuqu,shuiqikeyongnongliusuan、wushuilvhuagaidengchuqu,qitazazhiyiyinggenjujutiqingkuangfenbiechuli。qitidejinghuaheganzaoshizaixiqiping(tu2.4)heganzaota(tu2.5)zhongjinxingde。yetichuliji(rushui、liusuandeng)shengyuxiqipingzhong,xiqipingdibuyouyiduokongban,daoruqitideboliguancharupingdi,qititongguoduokongbanhenhaodifensanzaiyetizhong,zengdaliaoliangxiangdejiechumianji。ruguoshiyanshimeiyouxiqiping,yekeyiyongyidaiyouliangsaizidezhuixingpingdaiti。yonggutijinghuaqitishicaiyongganzaoguanhuoganzaota。guanzhonghuotaneigenjujutiyaoqiuzhuangqingyanghuana、wushuilvhuagaidenggutikeli,zhuangtianshijiyaojunyun,youbunengkelitaixi,yimianzaochengdusai。zhuangtianfarutu2.5suoshi。2.4 xiqipingtu2.5 ganzaoguanheganzaotashengming:benwenfeiyuanchuangneirong,laiyuanyuwangluo,banquanheneirongjieshiquanguiyuanzuozhesuoyou。zaizhelijingongjiaoliushiyong,rushejibanquanwenti,qinglianxishanchu。liaojiegengduozheyeyuanbudebieren,wozijidelianggecuowujueding,caizaochengliaojintiandejieguo。
你(狈颈)对(顿耻颈)句(闯耻)号(贬补辞)的(顿别)两(尝颈补苍驳)段(顿耻补苍)婚(贬耻苍)姻(驰颈苍)经(闯颈苍驳)历(尝颈)有(驰辞耻)什(厂丑颈)么(惭别)看(碍补苍)法(贵补)?你(狈颈)最(窜耻颈)喜(齿颈)欢(贬耻补苍)他(罢补)塑(厂耻)造(窜补辞)的(顿别)哪(狈补)个(骋别)角(闯颈补辞)色(厂别)?欢(贬耻补苍)迎(驰颈苍驳)在(窜补颈)评(笔颈苍驳)论(尝耻苍)区(蚕耻)留(尝颈耻)言(驰补苍)分(贵别苍)享(齿颈补苍驳)你(狈颈)的(顿别)观(骋耻补苍)点(顿颈补苍)
有人要说了:那范进中秀才之后也是穷得底儿掉,为何能中举?媳妇点点头,眼神里透着坚定,接着说:“二叔对咱的好,咱都记在心里。《断剑电视剧全集》电影全集在线观看-如如影视
乙肝治疗中好多医学词汇难了解一文让你看明白原创2019-11-20 21:46·Vili肝病大讲堂俗话说久病成医那么在乙型肝炎诊断和治疗的临床实践中,那些赋予了学者们形成共识的专有名词即行业黑话你了解多少呢有许多战友朋友们反应在和医生的沟通过程中以及在阅读我们平时的科普文章中经常会看到一些比较生僻的医学词汇难以理解那么今天我们就来梳理并做一下简单的总结一、和乙肝临床检查相关的专业词汇1. HBV标志物:反应乙肝病情的指标包括乙型病毒性肝炎表面抗原(HBsAg)、乙型病毒性肝炎e-抗原 (HBeAg)、乙型病毒性肝炎e-抗体(HBeAb、抗-HBe)、乙型病毒性肝炎核心抗体(HBcAb、抗-HBc)、乙型病毒性肝炎病毒脱氧核糖核酸( HBV DNA)2. ALT(谷丙转氨酶)轻微增高:血清ALT>正常值上限(ULN),但低于2倍上限3. 肝炎发作(复燃):血清ALT≥5倍上限4. 肝功能失代偿:肝功能显著异常,血清胆红素增高和凝血酶原时间延长,或出现腹水等并发症5. 生化应答:血清ALT水平恢复正常6. 血清 HBV DNA测不出:血清 HBV DNA低于检测水平(需要注明检测方法).7. 病毒学应答: HBV DNA测不出和HBeAg血清转换也就是乙肝大三阳转小三阳持续病毒学应答:停药至少6个月后, HBV DNA测不出和HBeAg血清转换8. 血清学转换:HBsAg转阴且抗-HBs转阳称为HBsAg血清学转换;HBeAg转阴且抗-HBe转阳称为 HBeAg血清学转换9. 病毒学反弹:治疗期间血清HBV DNA增加≥1.0 copies/ml.10.慢性HBV携带者:血清HBsAg和HBV DNA阳性,HBeAg或抗-HBe阳性,血清ALT和AST在1年内检查3次以上均在正常范围,肝脏组织病理学一般无明显异常11.非活动性HBsAg携带者:血清HBsAg阳性,HBeAg阴性,抗-HBe阳性或阴性HBV DNA检测不到(PCR法),ALT均在正常范围内12.隐匿性慢性乙型肝炎:血清HBsAg为阴性,但血清和/或肝组织中HBV DNA为阳性血清抗-HBs、血清抗-HBe和/或抗-HBc可以阳性二、和乙肝抗病毒治疗效果相关的专业词汇1. 病毒学突破:血清 HBV DNA持续超过治疗过程中,所取得首次应答后HBV DNA浓度的最低值1.0 copies/ml2. 生化学突破:治疗过程中取得首次应答后血清ALT水平持续升高3. 基因耐药: HBV DNA聚合酶出现某种特定的变异,并通过体外实验证实与耐药相关,对治疗敏感性降低4. 病毒耐药:在基因耐药的基础上,出现 HBV DNA反跳≥1 copies/ml或由阴性转为阳性5. 临床耐药:在基因耐药和病毒耐药的基础上,出现ALT升高或肝脏组织病理学损伤加重6. 表型耐药:经体外药敏检测的体系中,证实基因变异引起病毒株对药物的敏感性显著下降7. 交叉又耐药:一种药物引起的表型耐药,对其他抗病毒药物也引起表型耐药由同一个氨基酸或两个以上氨基酸联合替代,导致一种以上抗病毒药物敏感性下降8. 快速病毒学应答(RVR):治疗4周时的病毒学应答9. 早期病毒学应答(EVR):治疗12周时的病毒学应答10.治疗停止时应答(EOTR):治疗停止时(24周或48周)的病毒学应答11.持久病毒学应答(SVR):治疗停止后24周时(如治疗24周停药,则为48周如治疗48周停药,则为72周)的病毒学应答(治疗停止时间+24周)12.初始治疗失败:治疗12周时, HBV DNA较基线下降<1 copies/ml13.原发性抗病毒治疗无应答:开始应用核苷(酸)类似物治疗6个月后血清HBV DNA下降达不到1 copies/ml