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但是断句和语气已经养成了某种习惯。
2024年12月21日，此前，由于俄罗斯害怕一旦向中方开放远东地区，自身对当地的控制力会减弱，迟迟没有松口。现在改变主意，可能有两方面原因。
《年轻的妈妈韩剧》免费高清在线播放-全集剧情片-光棍...
什么钱都想赚太黑心了
营养还是蒸的好，现在天气热，就爱做这些简单的饭菜，百吃不腻上海证券基金评价研究中心孙桂平也表示，受资本市场持续动荡、折价率缩小、定增项目供应减少等众多因素影响，2022年的定增市场表现不及2021年同期，但是，对比最近十年的定增情况来看，2022年的折价率仍处于历史上的较高水平。他预计定增市场的回暖迹象有望持续，可适当关注高景气度和高成长板块，以及受疫情影响较大的板块等定增项目的投资机会。
buzaiyouyu，dainikandongyingchao20duiqiuduimingdeyingwensuoxie2020-11-06 16:19·ZMzuqiuxiaopengyouyingchaoliansaiyinweishizhuanbodeyuangu，womenzaikanzhibodeshihoupingmuzuoshangjiaoyibandushidachuqiuduiduimingdeyingwensuoxie。laoqiumitongguobianbieqiuyizhidaozheshinageqiudui，danyixieqiumihuanshizhinengtingjiangjieyuandejieshaocaizhidao。xianzainixiangyiyanjiuzhidaopingmushangyingwensuoxiedeshinageqiudui，womenyiqilaixuexiyixiaba（paimingbufenxianhou）。1.asenna——ARSquancheng：Arsenal F.C，chengliyu1886nian，julebujidiweiyulundunheluo（Holloway），shiyinggelandingjizuqiuliansaitingliudezuijiudejulebu。2.boenli——BURquancheng：Burnley F.C，chengliyu1882nian，shiyinggelanzuqiuliansaichuangshichengyuan，qiuduizhuchangweitefumoerqiuchang。3.bulaidun——BHAquancheng：Brighton & Hove Albion F.C.，chengliyu1901nian，shinanbuliansaidechuangshichengyuan，1920nianjiaruzuqiulianmeng。4.aifudun——EVEquancheng：Everton F.C.，chengliyu1878nian，julebulishiyoujiu，bitongchengsidiliwupuzaochengliliao14nian ，shizuqiulianmengheyinggelanliansaidechuangshichengyuan。5.fulemu——FULquancheng：Fulham F.C，chengliyu1879nian，zhuchangweikelawennongchangqiuchang。zai1896nianjiangzhuchangquedingweiCraven Cottagezhiqian，tamenmeiyouzijidezhuchang，zhinengsichuliulang。6.laisitecheng—— LEIquancheng：Leicester City F.C，chengliyu1884nian。qiuduiqianshenlaisitefusiyouweijiesidunxuexiaodeyiqunjiushengtuantiyu1884nianchuangli，1890nianjiaruyinggelanzuqiuxiehui。1894niancanjiayinggelanzuqiuyijiliansai，1919nianyizhanjieshuhouqiuduigengweixianming。7.langdui——WOLquancheng：Wolverhampton Wanderers F.C，“langdui”shiqiguanfangchuohao，chengliyu1877nian，shiyinggelanzuqiuliansaichuangshichengyuan。shiyinggelanweiyizengzaiwugebutongjibieliansaihuodeguanjundeqiudui。8.liwupu——LIVquancheng：Liverpool Football Club，chengliyu1892nian，youyuehan·huodingchuangli。qiuduidechenglishizaianfeierdeqiuchangdeyongyouzheyuehan·huodingyushengyihuobanaolierxianshengyongyoudeaifudunzuqiuduizhijianfashengliaoyicishejiduofangmianyuanyindezhengzhizhihouerjianlide。9.lizilian——LEEquancheng：Leeds United F.C，chengliyu1919nian，zhuchangshezaiailanluqiuchang。liziliandeqianshenshichengliyu1904niandelizichengzuqiujulebu。1919nianlizichengjiesanzhihou，lizilianzhengshichengli。10.mancheng——MCIquancheng：Manchester City Football Club，chengliyu1880nian。qianshenweichengliyu1880niande“shengmaketang”（West Gorton Saint Marks），1887niangaimingweiadeweike（Ardwick AFC），1894niangengweixianming。yingchao2020-21saijibisaiyongqiu11.manlian——MUNquancheng：Manchester United Football Club，chengliyu1878nian。qiqianshenshiyou1878nianyingguolankaixiajunyuyuekejuntielugongsidetielugongrenmensuozujiandeniudunxisiLYRzuqiudui。1908nian，niudunxisiLYRzhengshigengmingweimanchesitelianzuqiujulebu。yinggelanzuqiudingjiliansaiguanjunzuiduodeqiudui， yishiouzhouzutanduodeouzhousandabeidedamanguanzuqiujulebuzhiyi。12.nananpudun——SFCquancheng：Southampton F.C，chengliyu1885nian，qianzhuchangqiuchangweixiaoguqiuchang，zaishiyongchaoguo100nianhouzai2001nianbanqiandaoshengmaliqiuchang。dierzhiyouzhongguozibenjueduikonggudeyingchaojulebu。13.niukasierlian——NCUquancheng：Newcastle United F.C，chengliyu1881nian。qiuduichuqishiyouweiyuyinggelandongbeibudegongyezhongzhenniukasierxiquzuqiuduihedongquzuqiuduihebingzaiyiqi，chengliliaoniukasierliandui。buguozainageshihou，tahuanzhishizhiyouzuqiuaihaozhezuchengdeyeyuqiudui，zhidao1889nianniukasierlianduicaichengweiyizhizhuanyeqiudui，1893nianjiaruyinggelanzuzongcanjialiaoyinggelanyijiliansai。qiuduizhidao1930nian1yuecaiyongyoudiyiweizhujiaolian，ciqianyizhiyoujulebumishufulanke·wotelvling。14.qieerxi——CHEquancheng：Chelsea Football Club，chengliyu1905nian。1905nian3yue14ri，zaisitanfuqiaotiyuchangduimiande“tufuzhigou”jiuguanli，miersihehehuorenmenzhaokailiaohuiyi，juedingchengliyijiaxindezuqiujulebu。yikaishi，renmenduiyujulebudemingchenggeshujijian，“sitanfuqiaozuqiujulebu”、“kenxindunjulebu”、“lundunjulebu”dengdengtiyidubeifoujue，zuizhong，“qieerxizuqiujulebu”demingchengbeitongguobingyizhiyanyongzhijin。15.reci——TOTquancheng：Tottenham Hotspur F.C，chengliyu1882nian。tuotenamurecideqianshen“recizuqiujulebu”（Hotspur Football Club）shizai1882nianyouyiqunlaizi“shengyuehanchanglaopaijiaotuxuexiao”（St. John's Presbyterian School）ji“tuotenamuwenfaxuexiao”（Tottenham Grammar School）jiushengdebanqiuyuansuochenglide。tamenyouyuzaidongjishimeiyoubanqiubisai，bianshangyichengliyizhizuqiuduiyiweichitinengzhuangtai，recizuqiujulebuyouciyingshiersheng。16.shuijinggong——CRYquancheng：Crystal Palace F.C，chengliyu1905nian。julebuyu1905nianzaiSydenhamshandingdeboliwanggongchengli，zaonianyizhizhizaidijibiedeliansaijiaozhu，zhidao1969niancaishoucishengshangdangshidedingjiliansaiyingjia。17.asidunweila——AVIquancheng：Aston Villa F.C，chengliyu1874nian。qiuduishiyoubominghandiqujiaotangchengyuanzuchengchuanglide，yinggelandingjiliansaizuqiulianmengchuangshichengyuanzhiyi，ji1888nianjiazuliansai（yinggelandiyigezuqiuliansai）ji1992nianyinggelanzuqiuchaojiliansaishoujiesaishiqiudui。18.xibuluomuweiqi——WNSquancheng：West Bromwich Albion，chengliyu1878nian，zhuchangweishanzuoqiuchang。julebuzaishanzuoqiuchangbisaichaoguo100niandelishi，zhegeheixiang（Black Country，yinggelanmidelandiqunansitafugongkuangqu）qiuchangshizuoshijidiyigexingjianjiqiyong10-11qiuyuangerenbiaozhun（20ren）yongdeyinggelanliansaizuqiuchang，erqiezhiyongsigeyueshijian。19.xihanmulian——WHUquancheng：West Ham United F.C，chengliyu1895nian。qiuduideqianshenshiyoutaiwushigangtiechangdegongtouhedangdiliansaicaipandaifu·taile（Dave Taylor）yushangrenanuode·xiersi（Arnold Hills）gongtongchengliliaotaiwushigangtiechangzuqiujulebu（Thames Ironworks FC）。1900nian6yuezhengshijiesan，tongnian7yue5ri，julebuzhongjianbingyixihanmulianmingming。20.xiefeierdelian——SHUquancheng：Sheffield United F.C，chengliyu1889nian。xiefeierdeyizhibeiyuweiyingguozuqiudeguxiang。 zuizaodediyichangliurenqiusaishizai1793nian。1889niande3yue22hao， zaiyigehuiyili， xiefeierdelianhebanqiuduijuedingzujianyizhizuqiudui。gangkaishideshihou，xunzhaoqiuyuanchengliaoyigeshouyaodewenti，danshizaiguanggaohuodongzhihou，julebubuchangzai1889nian3yue29rixuanbu，tamenyijingxunzhaodaoliaoquanbusuoxudeduiyuanliao，xiefeierdeliandeyiyingyunersheng。zuqiu，zheheibaixiangjiandexiaowanyi，shideduoshaorenweizhichimichikuang。xiwangbenwendejianjienengduiniyousuobangzhu，fangbiannigengduodiliaojiezuqiu。#woyaoshangtoutiao##yingchaoliansai##2020shengjishengdahui#ruguoshifangzaixunchangpingyuandiqudejiuyuan，zhongguodezhuduoxinghaozhishengji，keyipingjieshulianghexingnengshangdeyoushi，zhixinggengjiajianjuderenwu。
总(窜辞苍驳)计(闯颈)：94.5元(驰耻补苍)
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药(Yao)物(Wu)不(Bu)良(Liang)反(Fan)应(Ying)你(Ni)问(Wen)我(Wo)答(Da)系(Xi)列(Lie)（一(Yi)）2015-05-21 08:53·南(Nan)京(Jing)市(Shi)第(Di)一(Yi)医(Yi)院(Yuan)问(Wen)题(Ti)一(Yi)：何(He)谓(Wei)药(Yao)物(Wu)不(Bu)良(Liang)反(Fan)应(Ying)？按(An)照(Zhao)WHO国(Guo)际(Ji)药(Yao)物(Wu)监(Jian)测(Ce)合(He)作(Zuo)中(Zhong)心(Xin)的(De)规(Gui)定(Ding)，药(Yao)物(Wu)不(Bu)良(Liang)反(Fan)应(Ying)（adverse drug reactions,简(Jian)称(Cheng)ADR）系(Xi)指(Zhi)正(Zheng)常(Chang)剂(Ji)量(Liang)的(De)药(Yao)物(Wu)用(Yong)于(Yu)预(Yu)防(Fang)、诊(Zhen)断(Duan)、治(Zhi)疗(Liao)疾(Ji)病(Bing)或(Huo)调(Diao)节(Jie)生(Sheng)理(Li)机(Ji)能(Neng)时(Shi)出(Chu)现(Xian)的(De)有(You)害(Hai)的(De)和(He)与(Yu)用(Yong)药(Yao)目(Mu)的(De)无(Wu)关(Guan)的(De)反(Fan)应(Ying)。该(Gai)定(Ding)义(Yi)排(Pai)除(Chu)有(You)意(Yi)的(De)或(Huo)意(Yi)外(Wai)的(De)过(Guo)量(Liang)用(Yong)药(Yao)及(Ji)用(Yong)药(Yao)不(Bu)当(Dang)引(Yin)起(Qi)的(De)反(Fan)应(Ying)。我(Wo)国(Guo)是(Shi)WHO国(Guo)际(Ji)药(Yao)物(Wu)监(Jian)测(Ce)合(He)作(Zuo)计(Ji)划(Hua)的(De)成(Cheng)员(Yuan)国(Guo)，在(Zai)ADR监(Jian)测(Ce)工(Gong)作(Zuo)中(Zhong)应(Ying)遵(Zun)守(Shou)WHO所(Suo)规(Gui)定(Ding)的(De)ADR定(Ding)义(Yi)进(Jin)行(Xing)ADR报(Bao)告(Gao)。为(Wei)正(Zheng)确(Que)理(Li)解(Jie)WHO的(De)ADR定(Ding)义(Yi)，现(Xian)将(Jiang)原(Yuan)文(Wen)摘(Zhai)录(Lu)如(Ru)下(Xia)：A reaction which is noxious and unintended ,and which occurs at doses normally used in man for the prophylaxis, diagnosis, or therapy of diseases ,or for the modification of physiological function.This definition excludes accidental or deliberate excessive dosage or maladministration.问(Wen)题(Ti)二(Er)：药(Yao)物(Wu)不(Bu)良(Liang)反(Fan)应(Ying)如(Ru)何(He)分(Fen)类(Lei)？药(Yao)物(Wu)不(Bu)良(Liang)反(Fan)应(Ying)有(You)多(Duo)种(Zhong)分(Fen)类(Lei)方(Fang)法(Fa)，通(Tong)常(Chang)按(An)其(Qi)与(Yu)药(Yao)理(Li)作(Zuo)用(Yong)有(You)无(Wu)关(Guan)联(Lian)而(Er)分(Fen)为(Wei)两(Liang)类(Lei)：A型(Xing)和(He)B型(Xing)。A型(Xing)药(Yao)物(Wu)不(Bu)良(Liang)(Type A adverse drug reactions)又(You)称(Cheng)为(Wei)剂(Ji)量(Liang)相(Xiang)关(Guan)的(De)不(Bu)良(Liang)反(Fan)应(Ying)（dose-related adverse reactions）。该(Gai)反(Fan)应(Ying)为(Wei)药(Yao)理(Li)作(Zuo)用(Yong)增(Zeng)强(Qiang)所(Suo)致(Zhi)，常(Chang)和(He)剂(Ji)量(Liang)有(You)关(Guan)，可(Ke)以(Yi)预(Yu)测(Ce)，发(Fa)生(Sheng)率(Lv)高(Gao)而(Er)死(Si)亡(Wang)率(Lv)低(Di)，如(Ru)苯(Ben)二(Er)氮(Dan)zhuo类(Lei)引(Yin)起(Qi)的(De)瞌(Zuo)睡(Shui)，抗(Kang)血(Xue)凝(Ning)药(Yao)所(Suo)致(Zhi)出(Chu)血(Xue)等(Deng)。B型(Xing)药(Yao)物(Wu)不(Bu)良(Liang)反(Fan)应(Ying)（Type B adverse drug reactions），又(You)称(Cheng)剂(Ji)量(Liang)不(Bu)相(Xiang)关(Guan)的(De)不(Bu)良(Liang)反(Fan)应(Ying)（non-dose-related adverse reactions）。它(Ta)是(Shi)一(Yi)种(Zhong)与(Yu)正(Zheng)常(Chang)药(Yao)理(Li)作(Zuo)用(Yong)无(Wu)关(Guan)的(De)异(Yi)常(Chang)反(Fan)应(Ying)，一(Yi)般(Ban)和(He)剂(Ji)量(Liang)无(Wu)关(Guan)联(Lian)，难(Nan)于(Yu)预(Yu)测(Ce)，发(Fa)生(Sheng)率(Lv)低(Di)（据(Ju)国(Guo)外(Wai)数(Shu)据(Ju)，占(Zhan)药(Yao)物(Wu)不(Bu)良(Liang)反(Fan)应(Ying)的(De)20~25%）而(Er)死(Si)亡(Wang)率(Lv)高(Gao)，如(Ru)氟(Fu)烷(Wan)引(Yin)致(Zhi)的(De)恶(E)性(Xing)高(Gao)热(Re)，青(Qing)霉(Mei)素(Su)引(Yin)起(Qi)的(De)过(Guo)敏(Min)性(Xing)休(Xiu)克(Ke)。在(Zai)药(Yao)物(Wu)不(Bu)良(Liang)反(Fan)应(Ying)中(Zhong)，副(Fu)作(Zuo)用(Yong)、毒(Du)性(Xing)反(Fan)应(Ying)、过(Guo)度(Du)效(Xiao)应(Ying)属(Shu)A型(Xing)不(Bu)良(Liang)反(Fan)应(Ying)。首(Shou)剂(Ji)效(Xiao)应(Ying)、撤(Che)药(Yao)反(Fan)应(Ying)、继(Ji)发(Fa)反(Fan)应(Ying)等(Deng)，由(You)于(Yu)与(Yu)药(Yao)理(Li)作(Zuo)用(Yong)有(You)关(Guan)也(Ye)属(Shu)A型(Xing)反(Fan)应(Ying)范(Fan)畴(Chou)。药(Yao)物(Wu)变(Bian)态(Tai)反(Fan)应(Ying)和(He)异(Yi)质(Zhi)反(Fan)应(Ying)属(Shu)B型(Xing)反(Fan)应(Ying)。问(Wen)题(Ti)三(San)：药(Yao)物(Wu)不(Bu)良(Liang)反(Fan)应(Ying)的(De)发(Fa)生(Sheng)率(Lv)有(You)多(Duo)少(Shao)？据(Ju)国(Guo)外(Wai)有(You)关(Guan)文(Wen)献(Xian)报(Bao)道(Dao)，药(Yao)物(Wu)不(Bu)良(Liang)反(Fan)应(Ying)的(De)发(Fa)生(Sheng)率(Lv)如(Ru)下(Xia)：（1）住(Zhu)院(Yuan)病(Bing)人(Ren)：10%~20%；（2）住(Zhu)院(Yuan)病(Bing)人(Ren)因(Yin)药(Yao)物(Wu)不(Bu)良(Liang)反(Fan)应(Ying)死(Si)亡(Wang)者(Zhe)：0.24%~2.9%；（3）因(Yin)药(Yao)物(Wu)不(Bu)良(Liang)反(Fan)应(Ying)而(Er)住(Zhu)院(Yuan)的(De)病(Bing)人(Ren)：0.3%~5.0%。问(Wen)题(Ti)四(Si)：药(Yao)物(Wu)不(Bu)良(Liang)反(Fan)应(Ying)发(Fa)生(Sheng)频(Pin)率(Lv)通(Tong)常(Chang)如(Ru)何(He)表(Biao)示(Shi)？国(Guo)际(Ji)医(Yi)学(Xue)科(Ke)学(Xue)组(Zu)织(Zhi)委(Wei)员(Yuan)会(Hui)（Counsil for International Organization of Medical Sciences，简(Jian)称(Cheng)CIOMS）推(Tui)荐(Jian)用(Yong)下(Xia)列(Lie)术(Shu)语(Yu)和(He)百(Bai)分(Fen)率(Lv)表(Biao)示(Shi)药(Yao)物(Wu)不(Bu)良(Liang)反(Fan)应(Ying)发(Fa)生(Sheng)频(Pin)率(Lv)：十(Shi)分(Fen)常(Chang)见(Jian)（≥10%），常(Chang)见(Jian)（≥1%，<10%），偶(Ou)见(Jian)（≥0.1%，<1%），罕(Han)见(Jian)（≥0.01%，<0.1%），十(Shi)分(Fen)罕(Han)见(Jian)（<0.01%）。问(Wen)题(Ti)五(Wu)：副(Fu)作(Zuo)用(Yong)是(Shi)否(Fou)为(Wei)不(Bu)良(Liang)反(Fan)应(Ying)的(De)同(Tong)义(Yi)词(Ci)？一(Yi)种(Zhong)药(Yao)物(Wu)常(Chang)有(You)多(Duo)种(Zhong)作(Zuo)用(Yong)，在(Zai)正(Zheng)常(Chang)剂(Ji)量(Liang)情(Qing)况(Kuang)下(Xia)出(Chu)现(Xian)与(Yu)用(Yong)药(Yao)目(Mu)的(De)无(Wu)关(Guan)的(De)反(Fan)应(Ying)称(Cheng)为(Wei)副(Fu)作(Zuo)用(Yong)（side effect）。一(Yi)般(Ban)说(Shuo)来(Lai)，副(Fu)作(Zuo)用(Yong)比(Bi)较(Jiao)轻(Qing)微(Wei)，多(Duo)为(Wei)可(Ke)逆(Ni)性(Xing)机(Ji)能(Neng)变(Bian)化(Hua)，停(Ting)药(Yao)后(Hou)通(Tong)常(Chang)很(Hen)快(Kuai)消(Xiao)退(Tui)。副(Fu)作(Zuo)用(Yong)随(Sui)用(Yong)药(Yao)目(Mu)的(De)不(Bu)同(Tong)而(Er)改(Gai)变(Bian)，如(Ru)阿(A)托(Tuo)品(Pin)作(Zuo)为(Wei)麻(Ma)醉(Zui)前(Qian)给(Gei)药(Yao)抑(Yi)制(Zhi)腺(Xian)体(Ti)分(Fen)泌(Mi)，则(Ze)术(Shu)后(Hou)肠(Chang)胀(Zhang)气(Qi)，尿(Niao)潴(Zuo)留(Liu)为(Wei)副(Fu)作(Zuo)用(Yong)，而(Er)当(Dang)阿(A)托(Tuo)品(Pin)用(Yong)于(Yu)解(Jie)除(Chu)胆(Dan)道(Dao)痉(Jing)挛(Luan)时(Shi)，心(Xin)悸(Ji)、口(Kou)干(Gan)成(Cheng)为(Wei)副(Fu)作(Zuo)用(Yong)。有(You)些(Xie)人(Ren)将(Jiang)副(Fu)作(Zuo)用(Yong)作(Zuo)为(Wei)不(Bu)良(Liang)反(Fan)应(Ying)的(De)同(Tong)义(Yi)词(Ci)，其(Qi)实(Shi)该(Gai)两(Liang)词(Ci)的(De)含(Han)义(Yi)不(Bu)尽(Jin)相(Xiang)同(Tong)，为(Wei)了(Liao)避(Bi)免(Mian)混(Hun)淆(Xiao)，WHO国(Guo)际(Ji)药(Yao)物(Wu)监(Jian)测(Ce)合(He)作(Zuo)中(Zhong)心(Xin)规(Gui)定(Ding)了(Liao)副(Fu)作(Zuo)用(Yong)的(De)定(Ding)义(Yi)，并(Bing)作(Zuo)了(Liao)说(Shuo)明(Ming)如(Ru)下(Xia)：Side Effect: Any unintended effect of a pharmaceutical product occuring at doses normally in man which is related to pharmacological properties of the drug.This is an old term and is broad enough to include both positive and negative effects of a drug apart from its main properties or indication. Some use the term as synonymos with adverse reactions, but the proposed definition will improve clarity of use of this term .问(Wen)题(Ti)六(Liu)：何(He)谓(Wei)毒(Du)性(Xing)反(Fan)应(Ying)？大(Da)多(Duo)数(Shu)药(Yao)物(Wu)都(Du)有(You)或(Huo)多(Duo)或(Huo)少(Shao)的(De)毒(Du)性(Xing)（toxicity）。毒(Du)性(Xing)反(Fan)应(Ying)（toxic reaction , toxic response）是(Shi)指(Zhi)药(Yao)物(Wu)引(Yin)起(Qi)肌(Ji)体(Ti)发(Fa)生(Sheng)生(Sheng)理(Li)生(Sheng)化(Hua)机(Ji)能(Neng)异(Yi)常(Chang)或(Huo)组(Zu)织(Zhi)结(Jie)构(Gou)病(Bing)理(Li)变(Bian)化(Hua)的(De)反(Fan)应(Ying)；该(Gai)反(Fan)应(Ying)可(Ke)在(Zai)各(Ge)个(Ge)系(Xi)统(Tong)、器(Qi)官(Guan)或(Huo)组(Zu)织(Zhi)出(Chu)现(Xian)。药(Yao)物(Wu)的(De)毒(Du)性(Xing)作(Zuo)用(Yong)（toxic effect）一(Yi)般(Ban)是(Shi)药(Yao)理(Li)作(Zuo)用(Yong)的(De)延(Yan)伸(Shen)，主(Zhu)要(Yao)对(Dui)神(Shen)经(Jing)、消(Xiao)化(Hua)、心(Xin)血(Xue)管(Guan)、泌(Mi)尿(Niao)、血(Xue)液(Ye)等(Deng)系(Xi)统(Tong)，以(Yi)及(Ji)皮(Pi)肤(Fu)组(Zu)织(Zhi)造(Zao)成(Cheng)损(Sun)害(Hai)。各(Ge)种(Zhong)药(Yao)物(Wu)毒(Du)性(Xing)性(Xing)质(Zhi)和(He)反(Fan)应(Ying)的(De)临(Lin)床(Chuang)表(Biao)现(Xian)各(Ge)相(Xiang)同(Tong)，但(Dan)反(Fan)应(Ying)程(Cheng)度(Du)和(He)剂(Ji)量(Liang)有(You)关(Guan)，剂(Ji)量(Liang)加(Jia)大(Da)，则(Ze)毒(Du)性(Xing)反(Fan)应(Ying)增(Zeng)强(Qiang)。药(Yao)物(Wu)引(Yin)致(Zhi)的(De)毒(Du)性(Xing)反(Fan)应(Ying)所(Suo)造(Zao)成(Cheng)的(De)持(Chi)续(Xu)性(Xing)的(De)功(Gong)能(Neng)障(Zhang)碍(Ai)或(Huo)器(Qi)质(Zhi)性(Xing)病(Bing)变(Bian)，停(Ting)药(Yao)后(Hou)恢(Hui)复(Fu)较(Jiao)慢(Man)，甚(Shen)至(Zhi)终(Zhong)身(Shen)不(Bu)愈(Yu)。如(Ru)氨(An)基(Ji)糖(Tang)苷(Zuo)类(Lei)抗(Kang)生(Sheng)素(Su)链(Lian)霉(Mei)素(Su)、庆(Qing)大(Da)霉(Mei)素(Su)等(Deng)具(Ju)有(You)耳(Er)毒(Du)性(Xing)（ototoxicity），可(Ke)引(Yin)致(Zhi)第(Di)八(Ba)对(Dui)颅(Lu)神(Shen)经(Jing)损(Sun)害(Hai)，造(Zao)成(Cheng)听(Ting)力(Li)减(Jian)退(Tui)或(Huo)永(Yong)久(Jiu)性(Xing)耳(Er)聋(Long)。问(Wen)题(Ti)七(Qi)：继(Ji)发(Fa)反(Fan)应(Ying)是(Shi)否(Fou)为(Wei)药(Yao)物(Wu)本(Ben)身(Shen)的(De)效(Xiao)应(Ying)？继(Ji)发(Fa)反(Fan)应(Ying)（secondary effect）并(Bing)不(Bu)是(Shi)药(Yao)物(Wu)本(Ben)身(Shen)的(De)效(Xiao)应(Ying)，而(Er)是(Shi)药(Yao)物(Wu)主(Zhu)要(Yao)作(Zuo)用(Yong)的(De)间(Jian)接(Jie)结(Jie)果(Guo)，如(Ru)广(Guang)谱(Pu)抗(Kang)生(Sheng)素(Su)长(Chang)期(Qi)应(Ying)用(Yong)可(Ke)改(Gai)变(Bian)正(Zheng)常(Chang)肠(Chang)道(Dao)菌(Jun)群(Qun)的(De)关(Guan)系(Xi)使(Shi)肠(Chang)道(Dao)菌(Jun)群(Qun)失(Shi)调(Diao)导(Dao)致(Zhi)二(Er)重(Zhong)感(Gan)染(Ran)（superinfection）；利(Li)尿(Niao)药(Yao)噻(Zuo)嗪(Zuo)类(Lei)引(Yin)起(Qi)的(De)低(Di)血(Xue)钾(Jia)可(Ke)以(Yi)使(Shi)患(Huan)者(Zhe)对(Dui)强(Qiang)心(Xin)药(Yao)地(Di)高(Gao)辛(Xin)不(Bu)耐(Nai)受(Shou)。青(Qing)霉(Mei)素(Su)类(Lei)引(Yin)致(Zhi)的(De)赫(He)氏(Shi)反(Fan)应(Ying)（Herxheimers reaction）也(Ye)属(Shu)于(Yu)继(Ji)发(Fa)反(Fan)应(Ying)。问(Wen)题(Ti)八(Ba)：如(Ru)何(He)预(Yu)防(Fang)首(Shou)剂(Ji)效(Xiao)应(Ying)？首(Shou)剂(Ji)效(Xiao)应(Ying)（first dose effect）又(You)称(Cheng)首(Shou)剂(Ji)综(Zong)合(He)征(Zheng)（syndrome of first dose）或(Huo)首(Shou)剂(Ji)现(Xian)象(Xiang)（first dose phenomenon），系(Xi)指(Zhi)一(Yi)些(Xie)病(Bing)人(Ren)在(Zai)初(Chu)服(Fu)某(Mou)种(Zhong)药(Yao)物(Wu)时(Shi)，由(You)于(Yu)肌(Ji)体(Ti)对(Dui)药(Yao)物(Wu)作(Zuo)用(Yong)尚(Shang)未(Wei)适(Shi)应(Ying)而(Er)引(Yin)起(Qi)不(Bu)可(Ke)耐(Nai)受(Shou)的(De)强(Qiang)烈(Lie)反(Fan)应(Ying)。最(Zui)初(Chu)发(Fa)现(Xian)引(Yin)起(Qi)首(Shou)剂(Ji)效(Xiao)应(Ying)的(De)药(Yao)物(Wu)为(Wei)α1受(Shou)体(Ti)阻(Zu)滞(Zhi)剂(Ji)哌(Zuo)唑(Zuo)嗪(Zuo)（prazoxin），该(Gai)药(Yao)引(Yin)起(Qi)的(De)首(Shou)剂(Ji)效(Xiao)应(Ying)表(Biao)现(Xian)为(Wei)恶(E)心(Xin)、头(Tou)晕(Yun)、头(Tou)痛(Tong)、心(Xin)悸(Ji)、嗜(Shi)睡(Shui)、体(Ti)位(Wei)性(Xing)低(Di)血(Xue)压(Ya)、休(Xiu)克(Ke)等(Deng)；β受(Shou)体(Ti)阻(Zu)滞(Zhi)剂(Ji)和(He)钙(Gai)拮(Zuo)抗(Kang)剂(Ji)也(Ye)可(Ke)引(Yin)起(Qi)首(Shou)剂(Ji)效(Xiao)应(Ying)。为(Wei)预(Yu)防(Fang)哌(Zuo)唑(Zuo)嗪(Zuo)的(De)首(Shou)剂(Ji)效(Xiao)应(Ying)，可(Ke)采(Cai)用(Yong)临(Lin)睡(Shui)前(Qian)给(Gei)药(Yao)，并(Bing)从(Cong)小(Xiao)剂(Ji)量(Liang)（0.5mg）开(Kai)始(Shi)；一(Yi)旦(Dan)发(Fa)生(Sheng)首(Shou)剂(Ji)效(Xiao)应(Ying)，应(Ying)使(Shi)患(Huan)者(Zhe)平(Ping)卧(Wo)，一(Yi)般(Ban)无(Wu)须(Xu)特(Te)殊(Shu)处(Chu)理(Li)。问(Wen)题(Ti)九(Jiu)：后(Hou)遗(Yi)效(Xiao)应(Ying)是(Shi)一(Yi)种(Zhong)暂(Zan)时(Shi)性(Xing)的(De)还(Huan)是(Shi)永(Yong)久(Jiu)性(Xing)的(De)效(Xiao)应(Ying)？后(Hou)遗(Yi)效(Xiao)应(Ying)（after effect）是(Shi)指(Zhi)停(Ting)药(Yao)后(Hou)血(Xue)浓(Nong)度(Du)已(Yi)降(Jiang)至(Zhi)阈(Zuo)浓(Nong)度(Du)以(Yi)下(Xia)时(Shi)残(Can)存(Cun)的(De)生(Sheng)物(Wu)效(Xiao)应(Ying)。后(Hou)遗(Yi)效(Xiao)应(Ying)可(Ke)能(Neng)比(Bi)较(Jiao)短(Duan)暂(Zan)，如(Ru)服(Fu)用(Yong)巴(Ba)比(Bi)妥(Tuo)类(Lei)催(Cui)眠(Mian)药(Yao)后(Hou)次(Ci)晨(Chen)的(De)宿(Su)醉(Zui)现(Xian)象(Xiang)；也(Ye)可(Ke)能(Neng)比(Bi)较(Jiao)持(Chi)久(Jiu)，如(Ru)长(Chang)期(Qi)应(Ying)用(Yong)肾(Shen)上(Shang)腺(Xian)皮(Pi)质(Zhi)激(Ji)素(Su)，一(Yi)旦(Dan)停(Ting)药(Yao)后(Hou)肾(Shen)上(Shang)腺(Xian)皮(Pi)质(Zhi)功(Gong)能(Neng)低(Di)下(Xia)，数(Shu)月(Yue)内(Nei)难(Nan)以(Yi)恢(Hui)复(Fu)。少(Shao)数(Shu)药(Yao)物(Wu)可(Ke)以(Yi)导(Dao)致(Zhi)永(Yong)久(Jiu)性(Xing)器(Qi)质(Zhi)性(Xing)损(Sun)害(Hai)，如(Ru)链(Lian)霉(Mei)素(Su)引(Yin)起(Qi)永(Yong)久(Jiu)性(Xing)耳(Er)聋(Long)。问(Wen)题(Ti)十(Shi)：何(He)谓(Wei)ADE？ADE是(Shi)adverse drug event的(De)缩(Suo)写(Xie)，即(Ji)药(Yao)物(Wu)不(Bu)良(Liang)事(Shi)件(Jian)。药(Yao)物(Wu)不(Bu)良(Liang)事(Shi)件(Jian)与(Yu)不(Bu)良(Liang)反(Fan)应(Ying)的(De)含(Han)义(Yi)有(You)所(Suo)不(Bu)同(Tong)。不(Bu)良(Liang)事(Shi)件(Jian)是(Shi)指(Zhi)在(Zai)药(Yao)物(Wu)治(Zhi)疗(Liao)过(Guo)程(Cheng)中(Zhong)出(Chu)现(Xian)的(De)不(Bu)利(Li)的(De)临(Lin)床(Chuang)事(Shi)件(Jian)，但(Dan)该(Gai)事(Shi)件(Jian)未(Wei)必(Bi)与(Yu)药(Yao)物(Wu)有(You)因(Yin)果(Guo)关(Guan)系(Xi)。不(Bu)良(Liang)事(Shi)件(Jian)也(Ye)可(Ke)理(Li)解(Jie)为(Wei)new clinical incidents and/or adverse reactions，即(Ji)它(Ta)包(Bao)含(Han)临(Lin)床(Chuang)新(Xin)出(Chu)现(Xian)的(De)偶(Ou)然(Ran)事(Shi)件(Jian)及(Ji)不(Bu)良(Liang)反(Fan)应(Ying)，例(Li)如(Ru)在(Zai)使(Shi)用(Yong)某(Mou)种(Zhong)药(Yao)物(Wu)期(Qi)间(Jian)出(Chu)现(Xian)的(De)病(Bing)情(Qing)的(De)恶(E)化(Hua)，并(Bing)发(Fa)症(Zheng)，就(Jiu)诊(Zhen)或(Huo)住(Zhu)院(Yuan)，化(Hua)验(Yan)结(Jie)果(Guo)异(Yi)常(Chang)，各(Ge)种(Zhong)原(Yuan)因(Yin)的(De)死(Si)亡(Wang)，各(Ge)种(Zhong)事(Shi)故(Gu)如(Ru)骨(Gu)折(Zhe)、车(Che)祸(Huo)，或(Huo)导(Dao)致(Zhi)这(Zhe)些(Xie)事(Shi)故(Gu)的(De)原(Yuan)因(Yin)--瞌(Zuo)睡(Shui)、眩(Xuan)晕(Yun)、晕(Yun)厥(Zuo)、视(Shi)力(Li)障(Zhang)碍(Ai)等(Deng)，以(Yi)及(Ji)可(Ke)疑(Yi)的(De)药(Yao)物(Wu)不(Bu)良(Liang)反(Fan)应(Ying)。ADE是(Shi)否(Fou)确(Que)为(Wei)药(Yao)物(Wu)所(Suo)致(Zhi)须(Xu)经(Jing)分(Fen)析(Xi)评(Ping)估(Gu)。为(Wei)正(Zheng)确(Que)理(Li)解(Jie)ADE的(De)含(Han)义(Yi)，现(Xian)将(Jiang)WHO国(Guo)际(Ji)药(Yao)物(Wu)监(Jian)测(Ce)合(He)作(Zuo)中(Zhong)心(Xin)规(Gui)定(Ding)的(De)不(Bu)良(Liang)事(Shi)件(Jian)定(Ding)义(Yi)抄(Chao)录(Lu)如(Ru)下(Xia)：Any untoward medical occurrence that may present during treatment with a pharmaceutical product but which does not necessarily have a causal relationship with this treatment.
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年报显示陆维炜1994年生是采纳股份实控人陆军之子毕业于美国佩珀代因大学应用分析专业硕士研究生学历2018年3月至2019年12月任采纳医疗销售主管；2022年4月至今任采纳动物执行董事、法定代表人2018年5月至今任公司董事会秘书