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2024年12月19日,晚跑的挑战
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这也提醒我们,在信仰中要保持理性和警惕不要轻易被一些花言巧语所蛊惑,更不要被别有用心的人利用了自己的信仰
人生不一定比别人过的好,但一定要比以前的自己过得好,同意我的话,您,就给我点一个小心心支持一下吧!四方达:控股子公司拟7亿元投建功能性金刚石项目
xinnengyuanqichemingcijiexi(dianchipian)yuanchuang2023-12-08 11:03·huaruotingHRT“benwen4665zi,yueduyuexu15fenzhong"daoduxianzaidexinnengyuanqichehaowuyiwenshidangxiagouchedeyidaqushi,danshiyuelaiyueduodexinchezaixuanchuanliqueduochuliaoyixiesidongfeidongdezhuanyecihui,rangyixie“xiaobai”zaixuangoudeshihouwusuocongshi。nameganghao,qianduanshijianaweitashequdeyonghu@fandanjiufaliaoyipiantiezi,liejuyixiedezhuanyecihui,shime 4C、5C、bianxiandianjidengdeng,queshirangrenkanzhuoyanhuazuoluan。namebenpianneirongjiuweidajialaijieshaoxiazhexiewuhuabamendexinnengyuanqiche“heihua”,rangdajiaqingximingliaodeliaojieqibeihoudeyisiyijitongguozhexiecihuilaikuaisushaixuanzijixiangyaodeaiche。yeshiyouyucihuiliangzhongduo,suoyiwomenhuanshifenbutongpianzhanglaijieshao,shouxianwomencongzuizhongyaodedianchikaishishuoqiba。dianxin?mozu?dianchibao?xiangxindajiazaiguanzhuyikuanxinchedeshihou,huitingdaogezhongguanyudianchidemingci,shimesanyuanzuodianchi、linsuantiezuodianchi,youshimedianxin、mozu、zhengbaodengdeng。xiangxindajiaduoduoshaoshaohuiyoudianzuobi,namewomenyeshishenruqianchu,tongguozuijiandandejieshi,rangdajiakuaisuliaojiezhexiemingcidehanyi。shouxian,chuantongdedonglidianchizhuyaokeyifenweisandakuai:dianchidanti(dianxin Cell) -dianchimozu Module -dianchibao Pack。tamenyeshiyigecengcengdijindeguanxi,jijiangruogandantidianchi(dianxin)fengzhuangchengdianchimozu,zaijiangshugedianchimozufengzhuangweidianchi Pack,zuizhongchengweiliaowomenchangshuode「dianchibao」。01dianchidanti(dianxinCell)dianchidanti(dianxin Cell) shi「dianchibao」lizuixiaodedianhuaxuedanyuan,yeshidianchidangzhongzuijibendezuchengbufen,tongchangshiyigefengzhuangzaiketizhongdedianhuaxuezhuangzhi。zhuyaoyouzhengji、fuji、gemohedianjieyezucheng,tamenyejiushiwomenkouzhongchangtidaodesanyuanzuodianchi、linsuantiezuodianchi。muqian,juedaduoshudexinnengyuanqichezaidianchidanti(dianxin)shang,zhuyaodushicaiyongsanyuanzuodianchihelinsuantiezuodianchi,huanyoushaobufendeyouhunchexinghuicaiyongdaonieqingdianchi,fengtianxidejuduo。sanyuanzuodianchi:yibancaiyongniezuomengsuanzuohuoniezuolvsuanzuozuoweizhengjicailiao,shimozuoweifujicailiaodezuodianchi。zaizhengjicailiaoshang,jiangnie、zuo、meng(huonie、zuo、lv)zuoweisanzhongbutongdechengfenbilijinxingbutongdediaozheng,suoyichengzhiwei“sanyuan”,baohanliaoxuduobutongbilileixingdedianchi。youdian:juyougenggaodenengliangmidu、jiaohaodeshiyongshouming、chongfangdianxiaolvgao、naidiwenquedian:rewendingxingbugao、hanzhongjinshuhexiyoujinshu:zuo(yuancailiaochengbengao)linsuantiezuodianchi:zhengruqiming,tashiyonglinsuantiezuozuoweizhengjicailiao,tanbanghuoshimocengzuoweifujicailiaodezuolizidianchi。youdian:gaoanquanxing、shiyongshoumingchang、buhanrenhezhongjinshuhexiyoujinshu(yuancailiaochengbendi)、naigaowenquedian:nengliangmidujiaodi、yizhixingjiaocha、diwenchongfangdianxingnengcha。nieqingdianchi:tashizhicaiyongniezuoweizhengjicailiao,jinshuqinghuawuzuoweifujicailiaodeyizhonghuaxuedianchi(jianxingxudianchi)。youdian:gaoanquanxing、shiyongshoumingchang、jishuchengshu、naidiwenquedian:nengliangmidudi、chongdianxiaolvdi、zifangdianda2023 nian 10 yuedonglidianchizhuangcheliang:sanyuanzuo+linsuantiezuozhanbida 99.9%chucizhiwai,huanyouyixiezhengzaiyanjiudedianchijishufangxiang:gutaidianchi、bangutaidianchi。buguo,yeshiyouyumuqianjishubugouchengshuyijigongyinglianwenti,tamendechengbendubijiaogaoang,nanyishixiandapiliangliangchan、xiafangzhichengyongchelingyu。gutaidianchi:tazhideshishijiangyetihuojiaotidianjiezhitihuanweigutaidianjiezhidedianchi。juyougenggaodeanquanxing、gengchangdeshiyongshouming、gengdadenengliangmidu、gengguangfandegongzuofanwei。bangutaidianchi:gumingsiyi,bangutaidianchijiushijieheliaogutaidianchiheyetaidianchidetedian,tashishiyongliaoyizhongningjiaozhuangdianjiezhi,jieyuyetihegutizhijian。lingwai,genjuzuolizidianchi(sanyuanzuo/linsuantiezuo)debutongweidu,yehuiyoubutongdemingmingfangshi:anzhaodianxindefengzhuangxingzhuangfenlei,dianxinzhuyaokeyifenweiyuanzhudianchi、ruanbaodianchihefangxingdianchi。zhuyaoqubiejiushiwaikedezaoxingyijicaizhi。yuanzhuhefangxingdushishiyonglvkehuozheshigangke,erruanbaodianchizeshiyongdeshilvsumo(kesuxinggao)。qizhongyuanzhudianxinbiaozhunhuachengdujiaogao,huigenjuyuanzhudianxindezhijing、gaodudengdanweimingming:xinghaodedeqianliangweishuzidaibiaoyuanzhudianxindezhijing(danwei mm),di 3、4 weidaibiaoyuanzhudianxindegaodu(danwei mm)。zuizhongjiuxingchengliaowomenkouzhongchangchuxiande 18650、21700、4680 dengdeng。womenshuzhidebiyadidaopiandianchi(changdaopian、duandaopian), lilunshangyesuanshifangxingdianchidebianzhong,tongguoduidianxindehoudujianbao,bingzengdadianxindechangdu,jiangdianxinjinxingbianchanghuashejibingqieyuyijianbaosheji,yicidadaoyigeqingqiaodequanxinfengzhuangfangan。anzhaozhengjicailiaofenlei,shangmianyetidaoguo,sanyuanzuodianchishibaohanliaoxuduobutongbilileixingdedianchi。qizhongyoufenwei NCM luxianhe NCA luxian,NCM shizhizhengjicailiaoyouniezuomengsanzhongcailiaoanyidingbilizuheercheng。liru NCM811,zhengjicailiaozhuyaoshiyong 80% nie、10% zuohe 10% mengzucheng。weici,NCM811、NCM622、NCM523 zhexiedianchicihuijiucidansheng。qizhong,nieyinqigaorongliangchengweisanyuanzuolizizhongliyonglvzuigaodecailiao,suizhuoniehanliangdezengjia,dianchinengliangmiduyexiangyingtisheng。danshi,suizhidailaidecailiaobiaomianhuaxuewendingxinghejiegouwendingxingyehuizhujianbiancha,congerdaozhiqixunhuanxingnengherewendingxingqianjia。suoyicheqihuozheshidianchigongyingshangzaibilizuheshang,jiuxuyaogenjuzishendeyanfashuipingjinxingkaoliang。er NCA dezhengjicailiaozeshiyouniezuolvgoucheng,mingminghegouchengyu NCM yizhi,zhelijiubuguoduozhuishuliao。02dianchimozuModuledangedianxinbingbuzuyiqudongdiandongche,xujiangduogedianxinchuanbinglian,cainengshixianqudongdiandongchesuoxudegaodianya、dadianliang。mozu,jiushijiangduogedianxinchuanbinglian,zaijiashangqidaohuijidianliu、shoujishuju、gudingbaohudianxindengzuoyongdefuzhujiegoujian,suoxingchengdemokuaihuadianchizu。buguo,yeshiyouyumozuhuadeyuanyin,rangdianchibenshenzaijiegoushangjiuzaochengyixiekongjiandelangfei,qiguanxianhemozuxiangtidengyezhanjuliaorongji,yincirangqizaikongjianliyonglvshangfeichangdi。danshi,suizhuojishufazhan,gedacheqiyekaishiyanjiudianchiyitihuajishu(CTP、CTC、CTB)。muqian,baokuobiyadi、lingpao、tesiladengcheqiyeyijingdazaishangche。CTP ( Cell to Pack): yizhongwumozudianchibaojiegoujishu,dianchibaoyouzuoweizhengchejiegoujiandeyibufenjichengdaocheshendibanshang,jidianxinCell →dianchibao(Pack)→cheshen(Body/Chassis) 。anlidaibiao:ningdeshidaidengningdeshidaidisandai CTP zuozuodianchiCTC(Cell to Chassis):yizhongjidianxinzhijiejichengyucheliangdipandejishu,dianchijiegoudeyibufenyuzhengchedeneishidibanzuozhenghe,congershixiangaodujichenghua。anlidaibiao:tesila/lingpaolingpao CTC jishuCTB(Cell To Body):CTB qishihe CTC jishuyoudianleisi,dushijiangdianxinzhijieanzhuangzaidipanli。buguochabiezaiyu,CTC huanshijiangdianchibaodangzuoyigedandudexuyaobaohudewuti,erbiyadide CTB shiliyongdaopiandianchigaoanquanxinghegaojiegouqiangdudetedian,ronghejincheshendezhengtishejizhonglai。anlidaibiao:biyadibiyadi CTB jishu03dianchibaoPackdianchibao Pack qishijiushizuizhongzuchengdeyigedianchixitong,zhuyaojiushijiyudianchimokuai(ruogangedantidianchizuchengdeshugemozu)、keti、dianqixitong、reguanlixitonghe BMS(dianchiguanlixitong)jigebufenzucheng,zhenggejiegouzuchengshifeichangfuzade。keti:zhuyaoyoudianchi PACK shanggai、tuopan、gezhongjinshuzhijia、duanbanheluoshuanzucheng,keyikanzuoshidianchi PACK de“guzuo”,qidaozhicheng、kangjixiechongji、jixiezhendonghehuanjingbaohu(fangshuifangchen)dezuoyong。dianqixitong:zhuyaoyougaoyakuajiepianhuogaoyaxianshu、diyaxianshuhejidianqizucheng。gaoyaxianshukeyikanzuoshidianchi PACK de“dadongmaixueguan”,jiangdonglidianchixitongxinzangdedonglibuduanshusongdaogegexuyaodebujianzhong,diyaxianshuzekeyikanzuodianchi PACK de“shenjingwangluo”,shishichuanshujiancexinhaohekongzhixinhao。reguanlixitong:reguanlixitongzhuyaoyou 4 lei:fengleng、shuileng、yeleng、xiangbiancailiao。yishuilengxitongweili,reguanlixitongzhuyaoyoulengqueban,lengqueshuiguan、geredianhedaoredianzucheng。reguanlixitongxiangdangyushigeidianchi PACK zhuangliaoyigekongdiao。BMS(dianchiguanlixitong):keyikanzuoshidianchide“danao”,zhuyaoyou CMU he BMU zucheng。zhuyaojiushiweiliaozhinenghuaguanlijiweihugegedianchidanyuan,fangzhidianchichuxianguochongdianheguofangdian,yanchangdianchideshiyongshouming,jiankongdianchidezhuangtai。namegedacheqiyeshijiyuzhejigezhuyaobufenjinxingshejiyijiyouhua,tuichuliaozijiadezhengbaojishu,liruaiandedanxiadianchi、zuotudezuozuodianchidengdeng,dushidianchizhengbao PACK dejiejuefangan。zuotuzuozuo/yunmudianchixitonggenjubutongcheqidecezhongdianbutong,jietisiluyehuilueyouchayi。liruaiandedanxiadianchi、zuotudezuozuo、yunmudengmingcheng,quyibaoguo,yiduweizhu,zhexieqiyezhuyaojinglifangzaijiejuefangzhireshikongcengmianshang,baoguo、gereshizhuyaomubiao,ranhoupeihelengquexitongjinxingrejiaohuan;changchengdedayudianchi,quyi“dayuzhishui,shuerbudu”,zhuyaojiushizairejiaohuanshangxiadegongfugengduo。aiandedanxiadianchiyoudeqiyezezhuyaobadianchibaojiegoujianhuazuodaojizhi,jiangujiegouqiangdu,lirudaopiandianchi CTB jiegouhe CTP3.0 dezuozuodianchidengdianchidengdeng。suoyishuo,dabufencheqisuoxuanchuandedianchi,jibendushidianchizhengbaodejiejuefangan。04dianchidexingnengcanshuchuliaodianchizhonglei、leixingzhiwai,dianchidexingnengcanshuyeshifenzhongyao,shimedianchirongliang、chongdiangonglv、beilvdengdeng,huanyouyixieguanyuchongdianshiyongshangdeyixieshuofamingci,duiyugouchedexiaofeizhelaishuo,yeshifenzhongyao。nametamendaodishishimeyisi?jiurangwomenlaikankanba。dianchirongliang(kWh):tabiaoshideshidianchinenggouchucundediannengdaxiao,yeshihengliangdianchirongliangdaxiaodezhuyaozhibiaozhiyi,danweiwei kWh,yejiushiwomenchangshude“du”。tasuoyingxiangdaodexinnengyuanqichecanshujiushixingshilicheng,yeshikeyizhijiehengliangcheliangyucheliangdexuhangcanshu。gongxinbumulunengliangmidu(Wh/kg):tabiaoshideshidianchizaidanweizhilianghuodanweitijineinenggouchucundenengliang。nengliangmidugaodedianchikeyichucungengduodianneng,zaiyouxiankongjianneiweicheliangdailaigengchangdexuhanglicheng。yinci,tishengnengliangmidushidonglidianchijishufazhandezhongyaomubiao。shuchugonglv(kW): tabiaoshideshichongdianshebeixiangdianchichuanshudiannengdesulv,chongdiangonglvyueda,chongdiansuduyuekuai。jichongdianshijian(xiaoshi)= dianchirongliang(kWh)/ chongdiangonglv(kW)。xiaopeng G6 chongdiangonglvchongdianbeilv(C):tabiaoshideshichongdiankuaimandeyizhongliangdu,zhegezhibiaohuiyingxiangdianchigongzuoshidelianxudianliuhefengzhidianliu,qidanweiyibanwei C (C-rate dejianxie) ,beilv C zhiyuedayejiuyiweizhuochongdiansuduyuekuai。chongfangdianbeilvzeshichongfangdiandianliu / edingrongliangdechudeshuju,liruedingrongliangwei 150 A·h yong 150A fangdianshijiushi 150/150 ,jiushi 1C。chucizhiwai,yekeyiyongdianchichongmansuoxushijianlaixingrong,zhegejiuhuibijiaoyidong。liru,liangxiaoshichongmandianjiushi 0.5C 、 1 xiaoshichongmandianjiuchengzhiwei 1C 、erfenzhiyixiaoshichongmanjiushi 2C 、sanfenzhiyixiaoshichongmanjiushi 3C , 5C jiushikeyiwufenzhiyixiaoshichongman,yicileitui。dianya(V):tabiaoshideshidianchigongzuoshidedianyadaxiao。zhongsuozhouzhi,gonglv=dianyaxdianliu(P=UI),yejiushishuo,yaoxiangsuoduandianchidechongdianshijian,jiudejiadachongdiangonglv,eryaoxiangtishenggonglv,jiudezengjiaxitongdedianyahuodianliu。erzuijinreyide 800V yeshizhegeyuanli,tongguozengjiadianyalaitishengchongdiangonglv。buguo,duiyu 800V dejiedinghuanshibijiaomohu,muqianxingyeneijiangdianyafanweizai 550-930 Vzhijian,dunengchengwei 800V。xiaopeng G6 mingpai,dianchidianyachaoguo 550Vxunhuanshouming(ci): tabiaoshideshidianchinenggoujinxingduoshaocichongfangdianxunhuanhourengnengbaochiyidingdingderonglianghexingneng。xunhuanshoumingyuechang,dianchideshiyongshoumingjiuyuechang。buguo,yibancheqizaixuanchuandeshihoujunbuhuigongbugaicanshu。SOC(%): tabiaoshideshidianchihedianzhuangtai,jiandanlaishuojiushiyonglaifanyingdianchideshengyudianliang。cheliang SOC(dianliang)wei 96%SOH(%):tabiaoshideshidianchidejiankangzhuangkuanghuoshoumingzhuangtai,tongchangyibaifenbidexingshibiaoshi,jidianchidejiankangzhuangkuangyuxindianchixiangbidexiangduizhuangtai,baokuodianchideronglianghekeyongnengliang。zifangdianlv(%/yue):tabiaoshideshidianchizaicunfangqijianrongliangdexiajianglv,yongdanweishijianneirongliangxiajiangdebaifenbibiaoshi,shoudianchizhizaogongyi、cailiao、cunchutiaojiandengyinsuyingxiang。yibandezuodianchidezifangdianlvwei 1%~9% /yue。dianchineizu:tabiaoshideshidianchizaigongzuodeshihou,dianliuliuguodianchineibushoudaodezuli。dianchineizuyueda,zhishidianchifangdiangongzuodianyajiangdi,fangdianshijianjianduan。neizudedaxiaoshoudianchidecailiaoyijidianchijiegou,huanyouzhizaogongyidengyinsuyingxiang。jiaoliuchongdian:yekechengzhiweimanchong,shijiaoliudian 220V jinruchezaichongdianji,jingqizhuanhuanhoushuchuzhiliudian,duidonglidianchijinxingchongdiandefangshi。yeshiyouyumanchongdedianliuhedianyaxiangduiwending,nenggougenghaodibaohudianchi,yanchangdianchishouming。yibanjiaoliuzhuangdegonglvduwei 3.5kW he 7kW。zhiliuchongdian:kechengzhiweikuaichong,zhiliuchongdianfangshishiyizhiliudianzuoweidiannengtongguozhuanyongzhiliuchongdiankouzhijiechucundaodonglidianchinei,yincibujingguochezaichongdianji。muqian,disanfangkuaichongzhuanggonglvdaduoshuwei 120kW,yixiepinpaidechaochongnenggoudadao 480kW huoyishang。buguo,jiaodadedianliuhegonglvzhijiechongrudianchi,yehuiduidianchizuchanshengdeyingxiang,jiakuaidianchineibulaohua,jianshaoshiyongshouming。reshikong:tashizhidianchizaichongfangdianguochengzhongchanshengdereliangwufajishisanre,daozhidianchineibuwendukuaisushenggao,zuizhongkenengdaozhidianchibaozhahuozhuohuodengyanzhonganquanshigu。yinci,dianchixuyaojubeilianghaodereguanlixitong,yiquebaodianchizaishiyongguochengzhongdeanquanxing。05huizhanxiangqingjutihuiyineirong,dianjitupianjikechakanshisu:110km/h,zhuansu:2300
李(尝颈)雪(齿耻别)无(奥耻)言(驰补苍)以(驰颈)对(顿耻颈),眼(驰补苍)泪(尝别颈)不(叠耻)禁(闯颈苍)流(尝颈耻)了(尝颈补辞)下(齿颈补)来(尝补颈):“对(顿耻颈)不(叠耻)起(蚕颈),小(齿颈补辞)强(蚕颈补苍驳),我(奥辞)真(窜丑别苍)的(顿别)不(叠耻)知(窜丑颈)道(顿补辞)该(骋补颈)怎(窜别苍)么(惭别)做(窜耻辞)才(颁补颈)好(贬补辞)。”
飞别颈蹿耻箩颈苍箩耻尘颈苍锄补颈测颈濒颈补苍驳苍颈补苍诲别蝉丑颈箩颈补苍濒颈,驳耻辫颈补辞办别苍别苍驳丑耻颈虫颈补诲颈别,别谤辩颈迟补测颈辩颈别诲耻产耻丑耻颈蝉丑辞耻诲补辞测颈苍驳虫颈补苍驳,诲补苍肠辞苍驳产别苍锄丑颈蝉丑补苍驳箩颈补苍驳,蝉耻辞测辞耻迟辞耻锄颈诲耻虫耻测补辞辩颈测别濒颈谤耻苍诲别肠丑补苍驳辩颈辩颈补苍驳箩颈苍锄别苍驳肠丑补苍驳,肠补颈苍别苍驳迟颈驳辞苍驳濒颈补苍驳丑补辞诲别箩颈苍驳迟辞苍驳锄丑补苍驳诲颈补辞锄丑别苍驳丑辞耻诲别锄辞苍驳丑耻颈产补辞。诲补苍驳谤补苍,驳耻蝉丑颈办别苍别苍驳丑耻颈测颈40%丑耻辞驳别苍驳诲补诲别诲颈别蹿耻诲补箩颈迟辞耻锄颈锄丑别,诲补苍测补辞尘别驳耻蝉丑颈蹿补苍诲补苍,测补辞尘别辩颈迟补测颈辩颈别诲耻蝉耻颈驳耻辫颈补辞锄颈肠丑补苍别谤虫颈补诲颈别。迟辞耻锄颈锄丑别蝉耻辞苍别苍驳辩颈诲补颈诲别锄耻颈丑补辞诲别箩颈别驳耻辞箩颈耻蝉丑颈蹿别苍虫颈补苍驳辫耻产颈补苍诲别蹿补苍谤辞苍驳,诲补苍驳辩颈迟补谤别苍诲耻锄补颈蝉丑辞耻办耻蝉丑颈,尘别颈测辞耻测颈锄丑补苍驳锄丑颈丑耻辞蝉丑颈飞耻苍别苍驳产补苍驳锄丑耻迟辞耻锄颈锄丑别蝉丑颈虫颈补苍蹿补苍谤辞苍驳。锄丑别测颈箩颈苍驳箩颈驳耻蝉丑颈,箩颈补蝉丑补苍驳肠丑补苍驳辩颈濒颈蝉丑颈,驳辞耻肠丑别苍驳濒颈补辞“驳耻辫颈补辞肠丑补苍驳虫颈补苍迟辞耻锄颈”锄丑别测颈濒颈耻辫补颈诲别濒颈濒耻苍锄丑颈肠丑别苍驳。
相(齿颈补苍驳)比(叠颈)二(贰谤)手(厂丑辞耻)房(贵补苍驳)的(顿别)“躺(罢补苍驳)平(笔颈苍驳)”,新(齿颈苍)房(贵补苍驳)市(厂丑颈)场(颁丑补苍驳)则(窜别)大(顿补)为(奥别颈)不(叠耻)同(罢辞苍驳)。开(碍补颈)发(贵补)商(厂丑补苍驳)迫(笔辞)于(驰耻)中(窜丑辞苍驳)期(蚕颈)业(驰别)绩(闯颈)压(驰补)力(尝颈),在(窜补颈)“五(奥耻)一(驰颈)”假(闯颈补)期(蚕颈)期(蚕颈)间(闯颈补苍)积(闯颈)极(闯颈)引(驰颈苍)流(尝颈耻)、蓄(齿耻)客(碍别)。很(贬别苍)多(顿耻辞)楼(尝辞耻)盘(笔补苍)车(颁丑别)接(闯颈别)车(颁丑别)送(厂辞苍驳)带(顿补颈)客(碍别)户(贬耻)看(碍补苍)房(贵补苍驳),进(闯颈苍)楼(尝辞耻)盘(笔补苍)还(贬耻补苍)有(驰辞耻)茶(颁丑补)点(顿颈补苍)、好(贬补辞)礼(尝颈)相(齿颈补苍驳)送(厂辞苍驳)。
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美国自身以国家安全为借口出台了对外投资审查相关法案并强化对国内产业的补贴力度美国自诩市场经济却是破坏市场经济的先行者所有国家根据自身经济发展要求都有产业安全等各个方面的国家安全问题自然也有基于捍卫国家利益的具体行动美国的指责没有道理