流感高发季 如何预防如何用药 专家教你科学应对2023-12-27 07:33·光明网孩子使用流感药物后呕吐该怎么办?吃流感药物能预防流感吗?近期,家长们在孩子呼吸道感染性疾病治疗中存在一些困惑和疑问,20日,记者采访了西安交大二附院儿童病院呼吸专家,为家长答疑解惑。孩子刚吃完药吐了需补服全量“今冬儿童流行的呼吸道感染性疾病主要病原为鼻病毒、呼吸道合胞病毒、腺病毒还有流感病毒,其中前3种病毒属于常见性,全年都有感染发生,出现症状时仅需对症治疗。但作为甲型流感病毒引起的急性呼吸道传染病,主要由飞沫及传播,传染性较强。从症状上看,它比普通感冒更严重,患者通常有高热、咽痛、头痛、乏力、咳嗽和全身酸疼等不适表现,严重时可引发其他如神经系统等并发症。”西安交大二附院小儿内科副主任侯伟表示,作为指南推荐的首选抗流感病毒药物—奥司他韦,通过影响流感病毒的复制过程,从而抑制流感病毒在体内的增殖。普通感冒和流感虽然都是急性呼吸道疾病,但普通感冒以鼻病毒、呼吸道合胞病毒最常见,流感则由甲型或乙型流感病毒导致。值得注意的是,奥司他韦对流感病毒以外的病毒无效。因此,不能用于普通感冒,也不能用于呼吸道细菌感染的治疗。确诊流感后何时使用奥司他韦?“尽早使用!”侯伟介绍,奥司他韦是流感病毒神经氨酸酶抑制剂,发病48小时内进行抗病毒治疗可减少并发症、降低病死率、缩短住院时间。即便发病时间已经超过48小时以后也可使用,能降低重症的发生。奥司他韦也有不良反应,如常见的有恶心、腹泻、呕吐、皮疹。门诊中也有家长反馈孩子使用奥司他韦以后出现呕吐的情况。侯伟建议,可选择与食物同服或者饭后服用减轻胃肠道不适。食物不影响奥司他韦在体内的吸收,饭前饭后服用都没有问题,跟食物同服可以减轻药物对胃肠道的刺激。儿童患者感染流感后容易合并消化道症状,可能发生恶心和呕吐,可以将奥司他韦加入少量孩子喜欢的食物中一起服用,提高孩子对药物的耐受性。那么,出现呕吐需要补服吗?侯伟称,奥司他韦胶囊:如果孩子吐出胶囊壳,需要补服,否则不需要;奥司他韦颗粒:刚吃完15分钟内呕吐,需要补服全量;15分钟-30分钟内吐,补服一半剂量;超过30分钟,无需补服。避免病情反复 切忌自行停药大家都知道,奥司他韦治疗流感一般是要连续吃5天。如果吃到第2、3天的时候孩子的症状就减弱甚至消失了,有的家长会选择给孩子停药,觉得“是药三分毒”,不想让孩子多吃药。但有时候,停药后会发现孩子又发烧了。“需要提醒的是,全疗程治疗非常重要,即便服药期间情况好很多,也不建议自行停药。”侯伟表示,奥司他韦是阻止病毒复制,而不是杀死病毒,当体内的病毒不能复制后,病毒的数量有限,可通过人体自身免疫力“解决”。如果疗程未满而提前停药,体内的流感病毒就会继续复制增多,从而再次出现发热症状。漏服奥司他韦,该怎么办?侯伟称,任何时候,漏服了都应该尽快补服,但是如果距离下一次的服药时间短于两小时的话,则应跳过漏服的那次剂量,下一次的剂量正常服用就可以了,切莫把两次的剂量一起服用。虽然奥司他韦可用来治疗流感,但不能取代接种流感疫苗。目前,接种疫苗仍是预防流感最有效的手段。 侯伟借此提醒广大家长,预防呼吸道疾病,日常中应让孩子保证充足的睡眠、充足的营养,适当的体育锻炼。养成良好个人卫生习惯。咳嗽或打喷嚏时遮住口鼻,注意手卫生、勤洗手,尽量避免习惯性触摸眼睛、鼻、口。保持家庭和工作场所的环境清洁,室内定期开窗通风(通风期间做好保暖)。儿童、孕妇、慢性病患儿等高风险人群尽量少去人群密集的公共场所。有症状及时休息和就诊,一旦发生发热、咳嗽等呼吸道感染的症状,及时就医。(记者 张黎娜)来源: 西安日报
2024年12月21日,多年来
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CRUISEzhijiaxitongshimuqianshaoyoudezhichijiashiyuanshuangshouyikaifangxiangpandeL2jizidongjiashi,danshiyouyoukejishouduanlaiyueshujiashiyuandejiashixingwei。tasuodazaideDMSjiashiyuanjiancexitong,tongguozhuizongyanqiudegaoxingnenghongwaishexiangtoujiancejiashiyuandezhuanzhuzhuangtai,tongshidiaodongfangxiangpandengdai、zuoyizhendong、shengyinjingshidengjinxingtixing。ruguojiashiyuanhuanmeijieguancheliang,naSUPER CRUISEzetuichujiashifuzhu,bingduichelianghuanmanshijiazhidongzhizhicheliangtingxia,tongshianjixingOnStarrengongzuoxiyehuizhudonglianxijiashiyuan,yifangyiwaifasheng。nuedipantiaozhandipanshushi,zairanyoushidaibeirenweishijiedinghaohuachedezhongyaobiaozhunzhiyi。danshiduixinnengyuanqichelaishuo,youyudipanduoliaoyizhengkuaidianchizu,yinciqichededipansuzhi、xuanjiazhicheng、zhouhefenbuduyaozhongxinjinxingdiaozheng,xiangyaoyongyoujiaoshushidejiashizhiganbingburongyi。liangtaicheducaiyongliaoqianhouwuliangandedipanzuhe,ES6xuanguaruanyingkediao,IQruigezebiaopeiSFDjianzhenqi,huanyouzhenduidiandongchedeyeyachentao、nenggoulvzhendeMCUjuanzuodanhuanggezhendian。ciwai,zaiIQaotenengpingtaixia,IQruigededianchihecheshendipanweiyitihuasheji,jinengyouxiaobaohudianchizu,younengjiaqiangcheshenniuzhuanqiangdu。lilunzhongjiuburushijian,weiliaoceshiES6heIQruigededipanshushixing,wanchediyongsuishi、jinggai、jiansudaizuchengliaoyidaobaimimoguidianzuoluduan,baokuo20misuishi、20mijinggai、45mijiansudai,liangkuanchejiangyishisu40km/hyicitongguozheduandianzuoluduan。tongshimeitaicheneihuifangyibeishengyou400haoshengshuidegaojiaobei,chedingfangzhiyihexiangtongshuliangdejidan,zuihouyijiubeishengyushuiliangduoshao,yijisuidiaodejidanshuliang,laipingpanliangkuanchededipanshushixing。ES6zaijingguosuishiluduan,cheneijibenganshoubudaodianzuo,danshizaijinrujinggailuduanshidianzuomingxian,jiubeizhongyoushaoliangshuisachu,zaijingguojiansudaishi,jiubeizhongdeshuiyoubufenshuisachu,dingpengdejidankaishihuangdong。zuihouES6jiubeizhongshengxia381mlshui,jidanmeiyouchuxianpolie。IQruigezaitongguosuishiluduanshi,cheneiyouqingweidianzuo,jiubeideshuiqingweihuangdong;zaijinrujinggailuduanshi,nenggoumingxianganzhidaodipanxiachuanlaidezhengan,jiubeideshuihuangdongjiaju,buguochedingjidandaoshimeiyouchuxianposui;zaijinrujiansudaishi,jiubeizhongdeshuikaishijuliehuangdong,bingqieshibushiyoushuihuasachu,danshichedingdejidanjuranyemeiyouposui。zuizhongIQruigejiubeizhongshengxia390haoshengdeshui,chedingjidanmeiyouposui。fangzhizaichedingdejidandumeiyouchuxianposui,zheshuomingliangtaihaohuachededipandiaoxiaodufeichangchuse,buguogenjujiubeishengyushuiliangpanduan,xianranIQruigedecheneidianzuoganyaogengxiao,wulunshixisuishizidianzuo,huanshijinggai、jiansudaizheleidadedianzuodunengyourenyouyudichuli,bainianhaohuapinpaidedipandiaoxiaohuanshiyouzijidedudaozhichu。dongjixuhangceshizaichundiancheheranyouchezhijian,hengzuoqizhongzuidadenantijiushixuhangnengli。dazhedexuhanglicheng、manchangdebunengshijian,rangwushuzaidongjifanxiangdetongbaomendahan“diandongdie”。namehaohuapinpaidediandongcheyouhuibuhuizaixuhanglichengshangdazhene?qifenyijingdaozheliao,wanchedihewanchemeifenbieduiIQruigeheES6zheliangkuanchepaoxuhang,ceshiliangkuanchedeshijixuhanglicheng,kankanheguanbiaoxuhangxiangbi,xuhangzhesunlvyouduoshao。benciceshixuhangdeliangkuanchefenbieweiIQruigesiqugaoxingnengzunguiban95.7kWhheES6 100kWhban,qianzhecaiyongqianhoushuangdianjizuchengdiansiquxitong,zonghegonglv375kW,zongheniuju710niu·mi,lingbaijiasu4.6s,CLTCguanbiaoxuhanglichengwei608km。houzhetongyangweisiqudongli,xitongzongheshuchu360qianwa、700niu·mi,lingbaijiasu4.5s,guanbiaoCLTCxuhanglichengwei625km。ceshiluxianyijihuwaihuanjing:congchangshakaidaowuhanjiangxiaquanshanshoufeizhan,ranhouyuanluzhefan。huwaiwenduzai3-7°Czhijian,tianqiyin。ceshibiaozhun:shuangchedianliangchongmanzhi100%,xiaojilichengqingling,cheneikongdiaokaidao25°C,kaiqi2dangfengsu,cheneifenbiezuoliao2geren。zuihouceshixialai,IQruigeyigongpaoliao420km,qizhonggaosu380km,chengqudaolu60km,anzhao95.7kWhdedianchironglianglaijisuan,nenghaowei21.7kWh/100km,duibiguanbiaoxuhanglicheng608km,xuhangzhesunlv72.4%。erES6yigongpaoliao395km,qizhonggaosu380km,chengqudaolu15km,anzhao100kWhdedianchirongliangjisuan,nenghaowei25.3kWh/100km,yuguanbiaoxuhanglichengxiangbi,zhesunlvzai63.2%。rangrenmeixiangdaodeshixuhangdezhesuanlvhuanshiyouchabie。zheyihuihe,hezipinpaidechundianchenenghaobidiyitiduidexinshiligengshengyichou。zhezhuyaodeyiyuIQaotenengpingtaidedianchiguanli,shiyongdeshiyisanyuanzuodianchizuweijichugailianghoudedianxinfangan,biruzaidianxinzhengjichanzaxituyuansu,yitishengrewendingxing、jiangdidianchishuaijian,zaidianxinfujicaiyonggaorongliangshimofuji,tishengbunengsudu。ciwai,IQruigededongnenghuishouheqitadianchededantabanmoshiyousuobutong,tazaiyuanyoudongnenghuishougongnengjichushangxinzengliaoyige“VRODdongnenghuishoubopian”,jiyudongtaiyaliganying,keyigenjushouzhiyalidiaojiedongnenghuishoudelidu,congertishengxuhang。wanchexiaobaogaoduiyuyikuanhaohuache,sheji、xingneng、jiashitiyan、gongyizhiliangdengchuantongyuansushizuiqiangdadequdongli,danshizaixinnengyuanshidai,renmenduizhinengwanglian、shuzihudong、ADASgongneng(zhinengjiashi)deng“zhinenghua”feichangganxingqu,erchuantonghezipinpai,wangwangbeirenweizaizhinenghualingyuluohou。danshicongIQruigeheES6deduibilaikan,IQruigeyouzhuobushugeiES6dezhinengbiaoxian,shenzhizaidipandianzuoceshihexuhangceshizhongyoulingxiandedifang,shizairangrenjingxi。qishihaohuadiandongche,yizhichuyuchuangxindeqianyan,zaochexinshilijianggezhongchuangxinshidelinianyinru,hezipinpaiyizaixuexihezhenghe。namedajiajuede,kaidilakeIQruigeheweilaiES6,shuicaishihaohuaSUVdedaibiaone?bianji/wenche“woxiangzhidaolaodugaowoshime? womeiyoumaguolaodu。woyemeiyouzaoyaoguolaodu。xiangfan,wobeilaodudezhichizhezhuizhuomaliaosannian,wobeilaodudezhichizhezaoyaoliaosannian。”
当(顿补苍驳)期(蚕颈)节(闯颈别)目(惭耻),有(驰辞耻)一(驰颈)位(奥别颈)名(惭颈苍驳)叫(闯颈补辞)李(尝颈)晓(齿颈补辞)龙(尝辞苍驳)的(顿别)男(狈补苍)嘉(闯颈补)宾(叠颈苍),是(厂丑颈)一(驰颈)位(奥别颈)上(厂丑补苍驳)海(贬补颈)某(惭辞耻)教(闯颈补辞)育(驰耻)机(闯颈)构(骋辞耻)的(顿别)经(闯颈苍驳)营(驰颈苍驳)者(窜丑别),不(叠耻)仅(闯颈苍)有(驰辞耻)雄(齿颈辞苍驳)厚(贬辞耻)的(顿别)经(闯颈苍驳)济(闯颈)实(厂丑颈)力(尝颈),谈(罢补苍)吐(罢耻)间(闯颈补苍)也(驰别)十(厂丑颈)分(贵别苍)儒(搁耻)雅(驰补)绅(厂丑别苍)士(厂丑颈)。
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